...ENERGIZING BEHAVIOUR OF LEADER BENEFITS AND DOWNSIDES Leaders are people who do right things; managers are people who do things right. Professor Warren G Bennis Leader Leader is a person who guides people in the right direction to achieve the goal. Hence a leader plays a key role in the achievement of objectives. He is a person who inspires people to work. He motivates people, boosts them and encourages them to be productive. In order to get the tasks accomplished, the leader needs to know his fellow members well. He needs to have an influence on his people. A leader establishes a sense of purpose and creates value within the group. When we refer to a leader, it might be in various aspects like politics, sports, religion etc. In any aspect or field, he will be the person who guides the people in that particular field or will be there as a role model, where people follow his path towards the common destination. Coming to a leader in workplace, he needs to know the managerial skills in an efficient manner to guide people in achieving the goal. An individual with good set of skills, work efficiency and organizational values can be considered as a manager but not as a leader. Whereas a leader on the other hand apart from having these traits helps his fellow members to achieve these traits as well. A leader can actually arise from anywhere by creatively transforming his skills and abilities. A good leader is a person who doesn’t bosses around people, instead he should be...
Words: 2561 - Pages: 11
...KKKKKK Criticism for Max Weber’s Bureaucracy Written by Dr. Wasim Al-Habil College of Commerce The Islamic University of Gaza Beginning with Max Weber, bureaucracies have been regarded as mechanisms that rationalize authority and decision-making in society. Yet subsequent theorists have questioned the rationality of bureaucracies. Which features of modern-day public bureaucracies are rational? Which are not? Buttress your argument with citations from organization and/or public administration theories. Introduction: Max Weber’s work about bureaucracy, translated into English in 1946, was one of the major contributions that has influenced the literature of public administration. However, Van Riper (1997) argues that the work of Weber on bureaucracy has no influence on American PA until the 1950’s. The word bureaucracy is derived from two words; “bureau” and “Kratos.” While the word “bureau” refers to the office the Greek suffix “kratia or kratos” means power or rule. Thus we use the word “bureaucracy” to refer to the power of the office (Hummel, 1998, 307). “Bureaucracy” is rule conducted from a desk or office, i.e. by the preparation and dispatch of written documents and electronic ones. Bureaucracy is borrowed by the field of public administration (PA) from the field of sociology. It was borrowed by PA in much a similar way that practices of business were borrowed from the field of business administration and economics. Weber (1946) presents...
Words: 4936 - Pages: 20
...Criticism for Max Weber’s Bureaucracy Written by Dr. Wasim Al-Habil College of Commerce The Islamic University of Gaza Beginning with Max Weber, bureaucracies have been regarded as mechanisms that rationalize authority and decision-making in society. Yet subsequent theorists have questioned the rationality of bureaucracies. Which features of modern-day public bureaucracies are rational? Which are not? Buttress your argument with citations from organization and/or public administration theories. Introduction: Max Weber’s work about bureaucracy, translated into English in 1946, was one of the major contributions that has influenced the literature of public administration. However, Van Riper (1997) argues that the work of Weber on bureaucracy has no influence on American PA until the 1950’s. The word bureaucracy is derived from two words; “bureau” and “Kratos.” While the word “bureau” refers to the office the Greek suffix “kratia or kratos” means power or rule. Thus we use the word “bureaucracy” to refer to the power of the office (Hummel, 1998, 307). “Bureaucracy” is rule conducted from a desk or office, i.e. by the preparation and dispatch of written documents and electronic ones. Bureaucracy is borrowed by the field of public administration (PA) from the field of sociology. It was borrowed by PA in much a similar way that practices of business were borrowed from the field of business administration and economics. Weber (1946) presents bureaucracy...
Words: 4935 - Pages: 20
...ARTICLE REVIEW FORM Full Reference in Harvard Format:James R. Baker. (1993). Tightening the Iron cage: n Concertive Control in Self- Managing Teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 38 (3), P208-417 | Summary of main arguments/points: Control has been a major problem in businesses. To achieve a bigger goal some individuals have to sacrifice. Although bureaucracy offers the fairest and most efficient method of control, it can also slow and make the organization a much more inconsistent environment. ISE was the example used by James R. Baker to demonstrate the study of self managing teams. Self management is a group of employees whose job is to plan and manage their work under no supervision. In self management, responsibilities are shared throughout the groups, so employees who were previously managers have become helpers for the team. All the ideas are shared and discussed and the best decision will be taken from the whole group. The self management had a major impact on the way the employees view their job. In ISE they had a bureaucratic system whereas now they are divided into groups and given equal responsibilities. This shows us how the power has shifted from the managers to the workers. In 1988 Jack Tacket vice president of ISE started implementing self managing teams, he divided the employees into 3 different groups (Red, blue and white).Each employee was chosen based on the field that his experienced in. Although problems occurred during the process like employees...
Words: 2397 - Pages: 10
...GRE Analytical Writing ISSUE Essay Topic - 1 "Important truths begin as outrageous, or at least uncomfortable, attacks upon the accepted wisdom of the time." GRE AWA Analytical Writing ISSUE Essay Sample Solution – 1 “The opposite of a correct statement is a false statement. But the opposite of a profound truth may well be another profound truth.” ― Niels Bohr[->0] This is a proven fact that truth is the initial stage of progress. However, it is also believed that truth always starts away from the traditions and conventions. Therefore, people consider truths as attacks upon their beliefs, which people are following from ages. Truth also means some new facts that are unknown to us. People do not want to deviate from the facts, which they have learnt from their ancestors, and it is true to say that shedding ones dogmas is often difficult. They feel that it is an attack on their wisdom. If we look at the history of the world, we will find many examples where truth has generated commotions in the society. Different people have different views about the existence of God, life after death and origin of earth etc. For example, people took a long time to accept that the earth is round. Religious leaders and clergymen opposed this idea as it was against what they were teaching. Similarly, when Polish astronomer, Copernicus discovered that the earth goes round the sun and not vice versa, he was opposed by churches for many years. In fact he and his supporters were...
Words: 150412 - Pages: 602
...rapidly changing and vastly different from that contemplated by the early intellectual stalwarts of public administration. Public agencies are expected to collaborate with each other, with nonprofit organizations and with citizen groups and to use modern technology strategically to manage and deliver services. They are under powerful pressures to use resources efficiently as markets and quasi-markets influenced by global forces play a much greater role in structuring service delivery” (L.R Jones et al 2001). Therefore, understanding public management, its affecting factors as well performance management is extremely important public managers in term of managing public organization and delivering best public services to citizenry. My essay will summarize some definition from different scholars and describing factors that affecting to the public management and/or performance of organization in the first part. The second part will be continued by providing definition of performance management and the measures that can be used by public managers and auditing agencies to assess performance of organization. I. Public management and affecting factors 1. Definition of public management The definition of public management are varied by authors. While management typically understood as using resources or human to achieve desired goals, the definitions of public management relate to “the study and practice of design and operation of arrangements for the provision of public services...
Words: 3436 - Pages: 14
...organization is a panacea and the answer to all challenges of public administration. Rather, bureaucratic organization is part of a repertoire of overlapping, supplementary and competing forms co-existing in contemporary democracies, and so are market-organization and network-organization. Rediscovering Weber’s analysis of bureaucratic organization, then, enriches our understanding of public administration. This is in particular true when we (a) include bureaucracy as an institution, and not only an instrument; (b) look at the empirical studies in their time and context, and not only at Weber’s ideal-types and predictions; and (c) take into account the political and normative order bureaucracy is part of, and not only the internal characteristics of “the bureau”. 2 Making sense of public administration Is “bureaucracy” an organizational dinosaur helplessly involved in its death struggle? Is it an undesirable and non-viable form of administration developed in a legalistic and authoritarian society and now inevitably withering away because it is incompatible with complex, individualistic and dynamic societies? Are, therefore, the term...
Words: 13513 - Pages: 55
...expanded to export. In the next 5 years, it merged as the market leader. Although Toyota has a long history of production and broadly business scope with a good business system, to some extent, it is influenced by the external environment which include the customers demand, market structure, adverse currency development and other development. It uses three strategies so as to follow the balanced model. The model is good, but for the constraint from domestic demand, the company uses the export strategy from New Zealand to Thailand. Moreover, customers’ preference to the type of cars changes which is unfortunately counters to Toyota’s; the small scale of production results in high level of cost; the high tariff rates make it difficult export cars, also high exchange rate of exporting are the key adverse environment. These factors make Toyota feel competitive. In order to operate successfully, Toyota began to counter those developments. It practise improvement in productivity and reduction in cost by adopting both internal and external cost-reduction strategies, such as reduce the production and labour cost, but it failed to get the support from the workers from the aspect of ethical. On the other hand, the closure of Toyota will lead to job losses of employees and supply chain linkages. Above all, the key issues include the Toyota’s competitors, ethical behaviour, company system and structure and supported policies. This essay is writing standing at a consultant perspective to analysis...
Words: 2474 - Pages: 10
...OL500: Final Project Milestone # 3 Bank of America tries to charge debit card fees Introduction: The main purpose of the case study is to demonstrate organizational studies, organizational theories, and organizational behavior of Bank of America trying to charge $5 debit card fees. The case study will implant the systematic study and careful application of knowledge about how people –as individuals and as group will act upon this issue. Moreover, we will encompass the study of organization from multiple viewpoints, levels of analysis and methods may be used to resolve it through prediction and explanation of some hypothesis. Company profile: Bank of America was first opened on July 5, 1784 under the name of its earliest predecessor, the Massachusetts Bank (Bank of America). As the second of the original three banks in the late eighteenth century United States, Bank of America is the country's most extensive bank, with 6100 locations covering over thirty states coast to coast (Hoovers Online). Bank of America specializes in most banking services including checking and savings accounts, credit cards, loans, investment banking and brokerage, asset management, loans, line of credits, retirement accounts, roths, and mortgages. With such excellent customer service, Bank of America has a very large customer base consisting of all different logistics of people. The Company Organizational Structure: Organizational structure is a concept in the field of Organizational studies...
Words: 2686 - Pages: 11
...BUS520 Week 11 Final Exam 1 and 2 BUS520 Week 11 Final Exam 1 and 2 BUS520Week 11 Final Exam 1 and 2 Download Answer Here http://workbank247.com/q/bus520-final-exam-1-and-2/6911 Question 1 According to the Ohio State leadership studies, a leader high in __________ is sensitive to people’s feelings and tries to make things pleasant for the followers. • Question 2 __________ make(s) a leader’s influence either unnecessary or redundant in that they replace a leader’s influence. • Question 3 According to the path-goal leadership theory, a manager is showing a participative leadership style when he/she __________. • Question 4 According to __________ approaches, individual behavior is constructed in context, as people act and interact in situations. • Question 5 Meindl referred to the phenomenon whereby people attribute almost magical qualities to leadership as _____________. • Question 6 The __________ that are driving organizations of all types and sizes can be found in organization-environment relationships, the organizational life cycle, and the political nature of organizations. • Question 7 The decision to construct a new overseas plant can be considered to be a(n) __________. • Question 8 Which of the following, refers to altruistic love? • Question 9 __________ is intentional and occurs as a result of specific efforts by a change agent. • Question 10 Another name for incremental change is __________. • Question...
Words: 78022 - Pages: 313
...CSS 105 COURSE GUIDE COURSE GUIDE CSS105 INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL SCIENCE Course Developer Dr. Derin K. Ologbenla University Of Lagos Akoka – Lagos. Dr. Derin K. Ologbenla Course Writer University Of Lagos Akoka – Lagos. Course Co-ordinator Dr. Godwin Ifidon Oyakhiromen National Open University of Nigeria Lagos. NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA ii CSS 105 COURSE GUIDE National Open University of Nigeria Headquarters 14/16 Ahmadu Bello Way Victoria Island Lagos Abuja Annex 245 Samuel Adesujo Ademulegun Street Central Business District Opposite Arewa Suites Abuja e-mail: centralinfo@nou.edu.ng URL: www.nou.edu.ng National Open University of Nigeria 2006 First Printed 2006 ISBN: 978-058-434-X All Rights Reserved Printed by Goshen Print Media Ltd For National Open University of Nigeria iii CSS 105 COURSE GUIDE Contents Introduction......................................................................... Aims................................................................................... Objectives........................................................................... Working through the Course.............................................. Course Materials................................................................ Study Units........................................................................ Textbooks and References.................................................. Assessment.......................................
Words: 55473 - Pages: 222
...Management Strategies Fail? ---Illustrations with case studies Xiongwei SONG∗ Department of Politics, University of Sheffield ABSTRACT: Change management is crucial to the survival and development of organizations, the more effectively you deal with change, the more likely you are to thrive. However there are a large number of failures of change management. Organizational change itself is a considerably complex activity; any tiny mistake in change management could lead to the failure of organizational change. Consequently this paper is impossible to encompass all factors that could result in the failure of change management. This paper attempts to explain why change management strategies fail from four perspectives (leadership, culture, people issues and quick response) that are major factors to determine whether change management is successful or not. INTRODUCTION Change for organizations both large and small, whether in the private, public or voluntary sectors has been inevitable for the past decades or so. Such trends of organizational change are increasing in frequency, pace, complexity and turbulence under current situation, and there appears to be no sign of abatement. The concrete purposes of change management for different organizations are probably not the same, but the ethos of change management is the same, that is, making the organizations more effective, efficient, and responsive to the turbulent environment changes. Through the comparison of the trends of...
Words: 5241 - Pages: 21
...Power and Politics in Organizations: Public and Private Sector Comparisons Joseph LaPalombara Wolfers Professor of Political Science and Management School of Management Yale University A chapter for the “Process of Organizational Learning” section of the Handbook of Organizational Learning, ed. Meinolf Dierkes, A. Berthoin Antal, J. Child & I. Nonaka. Oxford: Oxford University Press, forthcoming. DRAFT: Please do not cite without author’s permission. Power and Politics in Organizations: Public and Private Sector Comparisons Joseph LaPalombara Yale University Political Organizations and Their Milieu Organizational learning derives most of its knowledge from research on organizations in the private sector, particularly from the study of the firm. Its rich interdisciplinary quality is reflected in the range of social sciences that have contributed to the field’s robust development. The contribution from political science, however, has been minimal (reasons are suggested in the chapter on ‘politics’ by LaPalombara in this volume). The mutual failure of political scientists to pay more systematic attention to organizational learning and of organizational learning specialists to extend their inquiries into the public/political sphere is unfortunate in at least three senses. First, a general theory...
Words: 15177 - Pages: 61
...Power and Politics in Organizations: Public and Private Sector Comparisons Joseph LaPalombara Wolfers Professor of Political Science and Management School of Management Yale University A chapter for the “Process of Organizational Learning” section of the Handbook of Organizational Learning, ed. Meinolf Dierkes, A. Berthoin Antal, J. Child & I. Nonaka. Oxford: Oxford University Press, forthcoming. DRAFT: Please do not cite without author’s permission. Power and Politics in Organizations: Public and Private Sector Comparisons Joseph LaPalombara Yale University Political Organizations and Their Milieu Organizational learning derives most of its knowledge from research on organizations in the private sector, particularly from the study of the firm. Its rich interdisciplinary quality is reflected in the range of social sciences that have contributed to the field’s robust development. The contribution from political science, however, has been minimal (reasons are suggested in the chapter on ‘politics’ by LaPalombara in this volume). The mutual failure of political scientists to pay more systematic attention to organizational learning and of organizational learning specialists to extend their inquiries into the public/political sphere is unfortunate in at least three senses. First, a general theory of organizational learning is unlikely to emerge unless and until what is claimed to be...
Words: 15177 - Pages: 61
...and its business 8 3.2 Firm’s Strategy 9 3.3 Under the present stage of industry life cycle, what is the key factors that impacting the firm’s strategy 9 3.4 Suggestion for maximizing the potential of present stage 10 3.5 Suggestion for positioning strategy that preparing enter of next stage of life cycle 11 4 Conclusions 11 Bibliography 12 1 Introduction This essay will thoroughly examine the competitive environment of fitness industry in Singapore. Fitness first made its way into the lives of Singaporeans in the sixties and seventies, and the majority of gym-goers were mainly men, who were mostly serious body-builders. The popularity of fitness training in Singapore only took off at 21st century, when every one wants to live a healthy lifestyle. Nowadays, the fitness industry has truly influenced everyone’s life through various fitness training group exercises, personal training and bodybuilding. (Singapore Fitness Blog, 2011) The famous and large fitness centers emerging are True Fitness, Fitness First, Virgin Active, Amore Fitness and Celebrity Fitness. The focus of this essay will be on Amore Fitness. Being a female-only fitness center, Amore Fitness provides a confortable environment, as women do not need to worry about the awkwardness of being surrounded by a male crowd. Also, Amore’s Kid Fit Club will make their children busy with many interesting...
Words: 3139 - Pages: 13
