...MASS COMMUNICATION: NEWS WRITING The development and evolution of our society demands the need for immediate and updated information to spread quickly within the community. For centuries, the news played a very important role in our daily lives. Whether it is a report on the latest matches score between our favorite football teams, weather forecast, information on election campaigns, or news on the recent death of a well-known celebrity, we always come back for more. Nevertheless, from the traditional role of messengers to recent digital age, the principle of news still remains the same;- providing the masses with the latest and current events of today’s world, be it through printed newspaper, broadcast, internet or oral messaging (word-of-mouth). Spreading news is without doubt one of the oldest human activities ever exist. Before the invention of newspaper in the early age, authorities appointed third-party messengers to bring word, spreading news and updated information. Some of these messengers traveled nearly thousand miles to deliver the news to the receivers. Most of the times, there were related to diplomatic, economic and political issues. After a well-formed country was established, only then the people started to exchange updated news among them in a larger scale than before. Before writing became a common skill to master, human beings spread news by word of mouth on crossroads, at alleys or markets. The messengers came back from battlefields to their homeland only...
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...Jesse L. Fitch Effects of Mass Media Worksheet Write brief 250-to 300-word answers to each of the following: |Questions |Answers | |What were the major developments in the |The 20th century has thus far seen the fastest growth in mass media compared to any other | |evolution of mass media during the 20th |century. Before the 20th century the most used form of media was printed in large scale | |century? |thanks to the invention of the printing press that became very efficient in producing up | | |too 500 pages an hour. By the start of the evolution of mass media in the 20th century, | | |most printing presses could produce up to 3,000 pages an hour. The media age may have been| | |very well started by the telegraph in 1837, but the mass media age did not boom till the | | |radio was found in homes across the country in the 1920’s. Radios were easily obtainable | | |by most Americans and were even less expensive than phones at the time. Radios were so | | |largely popular at the time that a broad cast could reach the ears of more than 20 million| | ...
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...cultural differences quicker, and learning was more widespread, in addition; it provided the world with the most efficient means of communication of the written word through mass production. I will show how the decision of humankind to advance the printing presses worthiness did advance literacy in many cultures. Through the printing presses, humble beginnings of block printing to the latest technological advancements, the printing press has continued to evolve in one form or other. The printing presses evolution would not be complete without some prior knowledge of how it all began; therefore, a little history is necessary to fully understand the evolutional picture of communicational needs and the printing press. In ancient times before the beginning of a written dialogue, when reading and writing was nonexistent, communication was nothing more than some obscured hand drawings on clay tablets or cave walls. Communication was limited to the imagination of the ancient artist who wanted to explain life’s surrounding and how to survive. The validation of communications in religion, life and death, and even war through pictorial drawings are further evidence of a crude method of interacting between humankind. From a wooden press to a steam press, to automatic presses to digital and eventually automatic digital presses, the evolution of the printing press has made major advancements in the last 600 years and it’s not done yet. Speed has also increased in...
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...has allowed information to be spread quickly and accurately. This was particularly useful for communication between scientists, and it also gave authors more prominence and boosted literacy rates by making the printed word ubiquitous. That’s why, even as the printing press gives way to new technologies, its impact on society can’t be ignored. Printing is not something one may think of often, but it does impact our lives everyday. From the morning newspaper to church on Sundays, printing is important to our society. Without printing we wouldnt have books, papers, magazines or many other information tools. To truly understand printing one must look at the machines, processes and technology that has shaped its history. Technology has impacted every industry, but perhaps has really improved the printing industry. The introduction of computers make setting up type and tone much easier. Laser printing and digital printing have sent the process to new heights, allowing printers to do more than ever. High definition abilities make todays printed material of the highest quality ever seen. With the combination of new advances in machinery, processes and technology the printing industry has grown and changed. It is an important part of daily life and with its evolution through history has become even better. As art is said to be a mirror of mood, so are the values of the time reflected in art of an era. The dynamics of the printing have changed dramatically with increased competition...
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...The Printing Press Introduction: The Advancement The advancement in question is the printing press, a technological innovation that profoundly altered human culture. It may be argued, in fact, that this advancement revolutionized humanity and society in a manner rivaled only by the modern advent of the Internet. Moreover, as will be discussed, these were impacts with both varied and far-reaching consequences: “Paper and printing paved the way for religious reformation and made possible popular education” (Thompson, 1978, p. 167). It is then all the more astonishing that such consequences could arise from so simple a mechanism, or that its development would be realized as late as the 15th century. What is generally considered the original version of the modern printing press is a machine consisting of several key components. A long wooden table provides the surface for setting out the paper and ink, and these are then placed under the upright frame of the press itself. Before this step, however, every stage requires exacting work. First, the type is needed, which are metal blocks with raised letters, numbers, and punctuation marks on one end. This type is then arranged to spell out the document, smeared with ink, and lowered by the frame onto the paper by means of a large and adjustable screw, supported by a cross beam (Hook, 2009, p. 46). The press is, again, hardly an impressive-looking feat of engineering. Essentially, it looks...
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...Course Description and Objectives: In this laboratory, students will learn and practice fundamental concepts and methods in evolution and ecology. We will examine, using experiments, observations, simulations, and quantitative approaches, processes that cause evolution in populations and the dynamics involved in interspecific relationships in communities and ecosystems. After completing a semester of this lab, students should be able to: • Describe the process of evolution and the processes that shape the distribution and dynamics of ecological systems. • Analyze and display data using Microsoft Excel and appropriate statistical tests. • Generate and test hypotheses using the scientific method and careful laboratory techniques. • Select relevant primary literature on a given topic and integrate information from multiple primary sources into a written scientific lab report, using appropriate citations. • Conduct an experiment, collect and analyze data, and write a scientific lab report according to the conventions of biology, using a process of staged writing and revisions. Texts: McMillan, V. E. 2012. Writing in the Biological Sciences, 5th ed. Bedford/St. Martin’s Press: Boston. Readings as assigned from the lecture text - Freeman et al., 2014. Biological Science, 5th ed. All lab handouts and other readings as appropriate for particular labs, which will be posted on Blackboard. Overview: The lab is designed to complement the lecture with hand-on exercises...
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...of the new things that set apart the newspaper was that it was broken into four sections "News, Money, Life, and Sports" thus allowing the reader to jump into whichever section of their choosing the quickest. Gannet solved the early problems of encouraging advertisers to buy ad space by launching a "Partnership Plan", where advertising companies who purchased 6 months of ads in the paper received another 6 months for free. This allowed the advertisers to test the waters for newspaper ads and with the increase of popularity or the paper, more companies wanted to join. USAToday.com, the on-line version of the printed newspaper, is formatted in the same way the printed edition is with bright colors and snippets of news. It was developed to keep up with the growing technology and in response to the slight decline in profits to the printed version. Also, like the printed version, the on-line version strives to create a partnership with its readers. The reason why I believe USA Today is so successful is it keeps capitalizing its marketing opportunities by listening to their readers. The width of the paper was changed to meet the needs of the business traveler; to make it easier to read on airplanes and to fit easier in a briefcase and USAToday.com...
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...The Shallows Passage that conveys Speaker, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, Subject, or Tone Pg. # Commentary utilizing DIDLS and Appeals “The computer, I began to sense, was more than just a simple tool that did what you told it to do. It was a machine that , in subtle but unmistakable ways exerted an influence over you. The more I used it, the more it altered the way I worked...I found I could no longer write or revise anything on paper. I felt lost without the Delete key, the scrollbar, the cut and paste functions, the Undo command. I had to do all my editing on-screen. In using a word processor, I had become something of a word processor myself.” 13 In the prologue, the speaker, already starts to be suspicious of what the internet may be doing to him. Creating a foreboding tone as he starts to realize, that there may be more to the internet than what he first thought. He then starts to feel detached from what he was before, to the new person he was becoming because of the internet. After soon realizing this, he starts to...
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...portmanteau of the words "solar" and "electronics". The company was acquired by Flex on October 15, 2007. Solectron was established in 1977 to provide outsourced manufacturing services to third parties. It was a major manufacturer, but you would have not found its name on any products. The company was the world´s premier supply chain integrator, with $18.7 billion in annual revenue. However, the economic downturn of 2001 hit the company hard. Also, while revenue for the first quarter of fiscal 2001 were twice that of the same quarter in the previous year, quarter-to-quarter revenue decreased each quarter during fiscal 2001, with a 27 percent decrease from Q2 to Q3. The stock had fallen 77 percent from it is high, and market capitalization was just 40 percent of annual revenue, and the company had laid off 20000 of it is 80000 workers and closed facilities. The electronic manufacturing services industry The electronic manufacturing services industry grew out of a large number of small jobs shops that manufactured assemblies for clients. Clients OEMs, would often use these shops to increase their own production skills, or to offload production that did not contribute to their competitive advantage. The company Solectron grew rapidly during the 80s and 90s, becoming the dominant company in the industry by the mid-90s. Solectron founder Roy Kusumoto saw a growing number of electronics companies in California's Silicon Valley. There was a need to provide printed circuit board assembly...
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...nothing can replace traditional books. Some people argue that there is no need in paper books anymore, while others people argue that there is need in paper books, and that it is more beneficial than e-books. There are two main words that need to be defined: traditional books and e-books. Today, most of the people are familiar with the term book. On a daily basis humans are using books for information, studying, researching or just for reading during their leisure time. A book is defined by Oxford dictionary as “a written or printed work consisting of pages glued or sewn together on one edge and bound in covers”. It is a literary composition that is published or intended for publication as such a work (Oxford dictionary). Also, the term book can be referred to some literature works. In science a book can be called a magazine, journal or newspaper. However, as society grows everything is starting to improve, for example different technologies and even knowledge about certain things. People are able to educate themselves better because of new information. But it is not just knowledge that people have gained, but also new skills. Writing has improved and books have started to play an important role in people’s lives and made an impact on the whole evolution. Books allow people to write their thoughts, emotions and share many things such as information or experiences. They...
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...Culture and the Evolution of Mass Communication * Culture * can be narrowly associated with art – forms of expression such as music or painting that provide enlightenment or insight * can also be viewed as a broader category that includes the entire spectrum of ways that people express themselves at particular historical times * including art, beliefs, customs, games, technologies, traditions, and institutions * it also encompasses modes of communication * the process of creating symbol systems that convey information and meaning * is made up of the products a society makes and the processes that create those products * can be defined as the symbols of expression that groups and societies use to make sense of daily life and to articulate their values * Mass media – the cultural industries and channels of communication – can then be seen as the distributors of culture. * the history of mass media can be traced through five main eras: * oral * written * print * electronic * digital * Mass communication – the process of delivering cultural messages to large and diverse audiences through media channels. Oral and Written Forms Begin the Dialogue * The oral and written ears spanned many centuries, from around 1000 BC to the mid-fifteenth century. * Knowledge was passed along through word of mouth * As societies progressed, the written word developed and...
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...Courtney Tavares Professor Johnson English 1111-18 20 October 14 The Hawaiian Language What happens when a language dies? Is it possible to create a community of new speakers without altering the language in any way? Language evolution is a natural process among native speakers. A wide variety of languages are slowly becoming extinct as their speakers begin to die out or assimilate to other cultures. Of the 6,000 spoken today, it is said that approximately 50% of those will have become forgotten by the year of 2100. The history of each and every one is a part of each speaker’s culture, values, and traditions. As the voice of the people is lost, so is their identity. The loss of languages has harmed cultural diversity around the world. It is crucial to prevent this loss by protecting the endangered languages around the world. Though it is one of the smallest regions of the United States, Hawaii is famous for it’s resort environment and exotic beauty. Dreams of vacation on bright beaches and clear water fill young people’s heads. From the towering volcanoes to the mirroring cities, the very image of Hawaii is paradise. One of the strongest components of this culture is the language, Hawaiian, or “Olelo Hawai’i”. Hawaiian language has an ancient history rooted in Polynesian languages. The number of native Hawaiian speakers has begun dwindling; it has been slowly displaced by English language. Hawaiian is a Polynesian member of the Austronesian language family. Austronesian...
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...Money - Medium of exchange - an object that is generally used in exchange for goods and services. If it didn't exist we would need to barter. - Unit of account - an agreed measure for stating the prices of goods and services. - Store of value - money can be held for a time and used later in exchange for goods and services. The importance of money in any economy can be seen from the role it plays: 1. Money acts as a medium of exchange. It allows society to make unlimited exchanges and transactions so goods can move around the economy. Money also allowed individuals and firms to generate wealth and increase it. This is achieved when one can readily purchase produced items and sell them for a higher value than they were purchased. The existence of money allows goods and services to get to the people who need them. 2. Money also acts as a store of value, this is where one can sell a commodity, in return for money and be able to be reliably saved, stored, and retrieved. 3. The most important role money plays is it acts as a unit of account. This is a common standard by which all the market value of goods, services, and other transactions can be measured and compared. Without this the value of an economy could not be calculated. 4. With gold completely divorced from money, initially the British pound sterling was the world's reserve currency after World War II. With Britain's demise on the international scene the US and its dollar become the world's...
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...| | The most appropriate diagnosis for a 10-year-old child who continually makes mistakes in reading aloud such that semantically related words are substituted for the printed word (e.g., “puppy” is read as “dog,” and “woman” is read as “mother”) would be: | | | Student Response | A. | word aphasia. | B. | attentional dyslexia. | C. | deep dyslexia. | D. | phonological dyslexia. | | Score: | 0.09/0.09 | | | 2. | | | Reduced verbal fluency and difficulties in comprehension and production of prosody have been reported following damage to the: | | | Student Response | A. | right insular cortex. | B. | left orbitofrontal cortex. | C. | right orbitofrontal cortex. | D. | left insular cortex. | | Score: | 0/0.09 | | | 3. | | | The vocal intonation that helps us understand the literal meaning of what people say is termed: | | | Student Response | A. | prosody. | B. | syntax. | C. | discourse. | D. | semantics. | | Score: | 0.09/0.09 | | | 4. | | | An alternative hypothesis for fluent aphasia posited by Dronkers and colleagues suggests that the role of the cortex of Wernicke's area is: | | | Student Response | A. | long-term memory for semantic categories. | B. | short-term memory for speech sounds. | C. | identical to that of Broca's area. | D. | short-term memory for mouth movements. | | Score: | 0.09/0.09 | | | 5. | | |...
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...Input Devices Input devices – is devices that we put INTO the computer from the real world to receive data or information. ID can be as human interaction as keyboard and mouse or simply environmental data as sensors. This is the list of possible examples of input devices such as : Camera , Compact Disk, Keyboard , Mouse , Digital Camera, Microphone , Drawing Tablet , Scanner, Disk Drive , Joystick , Touch Screen, Barcode reader , Business Card reader , Magnetic-stripe reader, etc. First of all, an input device is any hardware device that sends data to the computer, without any input devices. In other words the input unit is formed by the input devices attached to the computer. An input unit takes the input and converts it into binary form so that it can be understood by the computer. Camera is used during live conversations. The camera transmits a picture from one computer to another, or can be used to record a short video. Compact Disk (CD) - The CD can be put into another computer, and the information can be opened and added or used on the second computer. There is one possible thing like a CD-R or CD-RW can be used as an output device. Keyboard is a way to input letters or numbers into different programs or web-bourses. A keyboard also has special keys that help operate the computer. For ex. key “Microsoft” that helps us to open “start” section whenever we need. Mouse is used to open and close files, navigate web sites, and click on a lot of commands (to tell the...
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