...economic policy called reaganoimcs. Which include more military spending to fight back communism, it helped to stabilize economy after the eighties’ stock market crash and more. At the same time, changes in music and other trends began to influence on nineties people, especially teenagers. Music and music artists had a great influence on nineties fashion, as well as modern fashion. And also, movies like horror genre became more successful. Both movie and television reflected more of reality than written scripts. Family life and gender roles started changing in nineties. Women were secure in their working roles and were not afraid to show their femaleness. This leaded to increase in gender equity. Most of them were two income families, which raised the chances for divorce. Husband and wife shared their household and child care responsibility equally. Nineties women became less dependent on men. Women are allowed to do anything that a male can do. Nineties people put more importance to their carrier than family and became selfish with no humanity. For example, in the movie American psycho, Patrick spend most of his time with his friends and discuss about who had the better suit, business card, and superior restaurant reservations. And he didn’t listen to his girlfriend’s wedding plan. He also killed his coworker Paul Allen, because he performed better than him. Nineties music gave birth to all different kinds of new music we listing today. Variance in music started from...
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...Masaryk University Faculty of Arts Department of English and American Studies English Language and Literature Lenka Drbalová Comedy of Manners: William Congreve and Oscar Wilde Bachelor’s Diploma Thesis Supervisor: prof. Mgr. Milada Franková, CSc., M.A. 2014 I declare that I have worked on this thesis independently, using only the primary and secondary sources listed in the bibliography. …………………………………………….. Author’s signature Acknowledgement I would like to thank prof. Mgr Franková , CSc., M.A. and PhDr. Věra Pálenská, CSc. for their guidance, advice and kind encouragement. Table of Contents Preface ...............................................................................................2 Introduction ......................................................................................3 Chapter I – The Way of the World 1.1 In General ..................................................................................8 1.2 True Wit and False Wit ............................................................9 1.3 Courtship and Love .................................................................14 1.4 Invention vs. Reality ................................................................18 Chapter II – The Importance of Being Earnest 2.1 In General ................................................................................22 2.2 True Wit and False Wit ..........................................................23 2.3 Courtship...
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...Redeeming Comedy William Shakespeare is one of the first people we think of when theater comes to mind. He made a name for himself in the world by becoming a playwright and writing comedies as well as tragedies for people’s entertainment that are still used today. However, Shakespeare is not one of the names that immediately come to mind when we consider the world of theology and religion. Yet the basic themes of Christianity play a foundational role in many of the classic scenes found in Shakespeare’s most famous works. We can examine this through the Shakespearian element of redemption, a view of taking kindness on humanity that academics believe was his own. Shakespeare’s plays still have relevance today because of his redemptive view of the world and of human experiences, particularly in the comedies The Merchant of Venice, Much Ado About Nothing, and All’s Well That Ends Well. Much has been made of Shakespeare’s religious and theological grounding. The issues have been centered primarily on whether Shakespeare was Protestant or Catholic. Many prominent Roman Catholic scholars, including the Rev. David Beauregard, have gone to great lengths to assert that Shakespeare was in fact Roman Catholic. Beauregard says a now-lost eighteenth-century document suggested that Shakespeare’s father, John, was a devout Catholics and his mother, Mary, was a member of the staunchly Catholic Arden family of Park Hall. Beauregard points to very Catholic theological concepts found in Shakespeare’s...
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...conducted by the US-based Pew Research Center last 2013. Being a country that widely accepts homosexuality, a lot of straight men and women that are homosexuals are loud and out. Although the LGBT (lesbians, gays, bisexuals and transgenders) are now accepted by the Philippine society, they have come a long way of struggle to gain their freedom and rights. Gays in particular, have been a great subject to social discrimination, taunts, ridicules and mockery. One of the ways the discriminated gays thought of was to come up with a code that only they will understand in order to hide from the prying eyes and ears of the society they move in. But because of the everyday and frequent use of the code in parlors, sidewalks, comedy bars and other places where gays frequently hang out. Since 1960’s where an evolution of the Filipino language sprouted called Taglish or Tagalog-English where one of its steady sources has been gay language, which has generated so many words and idioms that have been inserted in the mainstream of the everyday Taglish. As the gays started to be accepted by the society, the language grew gradually adding more and more terms from different sources. Gay language has also influenced the way the society converses and is empowering the gays more, giving them an identity and a trademark. As this language continues gradual evolution and acquiring more words, more and more rules also come along. Gay language has now paved its way from the streets and parlors to classrooms...
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...Early Greece and All Its Glory Amy Villegas Matthew Geier Strayer University March 4, 2010 Early Greece and All Its Glory Phoenician Alphabet The Greeks adopted the Phoenician alphabet. Just like the Phoenicians the Greek alphabet is written from right to left. The direction of writing later changed to ox-turning. Ox-turning is a written language that is written from right to left and on the next line it continues from left to right and so on. Eventually, the Greek alphabet does change to left to right but that’s during the fifth century. (Bantwal, 2008) Greek Education For Greek children, their education mostly consisted of poetry and song. (Hadas, 1950) Education was more popular among young boys but it was not uncommon for girls. The wealthier children remained in school for ten years. Grammatistes, paidotribes and kitharistes were the teachers who taught the children. Grammatistes taught literature, arithmetic, reading and writing. Paidotribes coached boxing, wrestling, and gymnastics. Kitharistes taught music. At age eighteen, boys would train for the military for two years before further education. (Discovery Channel, n.d) The Illiad and the Odyssey Homer wrote the two most classic poems titled the Illiad and the Odyssey. The Illiad is based on the last six weeks of the Trojan War. The main character of the Illiad is Achilles. Achilles and Agamemnon get in a heated argument and Achilles retracts from the war. The Greeks are losing...
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...theater. The two time periods seem to only be distinguishable by the ruler of those respective times. The genre reflects the financial and economic standing of that time period. Many issues represented in Elizabethan literature are also reflected within literature of the Jacobean era. The notion that all things are purchasable is a recurring theme of the Jacobean Era. All sexual and platonic interactions can be reduced to financial transactions. During the Jacobean and Elizabethan era, London was a booming city. The population grew exponentially transforming the city into a host of social, financial and economic issues. The rise of the merchant class, poverty and governmental wealth lead to societal evolution. This was portrayed in most of the literature of the time. Jacobean City comedy became a very popular genre. The satirical nature of the genre made fun of the condition of London, its government, and the inhabitants. Thomas Dekker’s “The Shoemaker’s Holiday,” performed in 1599, gives the reader insight on what London society was like during the time in which it was written. The play heavily focuses on the mobile middle class, financial opportunities, the state of the economy and moral values, as they relate to the overall structure of society. The theme I found most intriguing in this text is that a monetary value can be given to, or traded for anything of worth, whether it be a product of consumption, a person or social rank. In several of the plays, a quantitative value...
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...Television and the Humanities Lisa Chandler HUMN303 DeVry College of New York Television and the Humanities Introduction Many inventions throughout history have made their mark on contemporary American society, but none so much so as television. According to Mitchell Stephens in his article entitled History of Television, “Before 1947, the number of U.S. homes with television sets could be measured in the thousands. By the late 1990’s, 98 percent of U.S. homes had at least one television set, and those sets were on for an average of more than seven hours a day.” As the quality of the image improved over the years, so have the number of televisions in American homes. According to an article in TIME magazine in 2009, “The first widespread broadcast in color went out in 1954, and today there are televisions in some 110 million U.S. households” (Fitzpatrick, 2009). This basically says that almost every home in America has at least one television set. Even people who are homeless or do not have a television at home can go many places to watch television. Even the local mall has at least one television set, if not more, playing in the electronics section. Television has become a true part of American society. This paper will highlight the history of the invention of television and the innovators who contributed to its mechanism. The television’s evolutionary process as well as its effect on society—especially the humanities—is also examined. The Invention The first successful...
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...Early European Theater • The writings of this period were primarily hymns, sermons and similar theologically oriented works. • Latin became a literary medium. • Major preserves of learning are the monasteries. • 8th century Europe returned to greater stability under the Carolingian kings. ➢ Charles Martel – defeated the Moslems at Tours in 732 AD, through his innovative use of armored horsemen as the principal military force, initiating the development of knighthood. ➢ Charlemagne – extended his realm into the Slavic territories and converting non- Christians on the way. Charlemagne was crowned by the Pope and pronounced him as the successor to Constantine. The scenario was the first attempt to establish the Holy Roman Empire. • Charlemagne’s death caused Europe to break into small units isolated from each other and from the world. • Moslem controlled the Mediterranean and the Vikings, still pagans, conquered the northern seas. Early Middle Ages • Life was relatively simple. • Feudalistic patterns were fully established. ➢ Manor (large estate)- headed by a noble man, assumed absolute authority over the peasants who worked his land collectively. ➢ Vassals – supplies the lords a specified number of knights upon demand and the lords in return were bound to protect their vassals. The Theater (500- 900 AD) • The theater revived during the early Middle Ages. • After the Western Roman...
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...Chapter 21: The Roaring Life of the 1920s Section 1: Changing Ways of Life I. Rural and Urban Differences A. Between 1922 and 1929, migration to the cities accelerated, with nearly 2 million people leaving farms and towns each year (small town values change) 1. City dwellers judged one another by their accomplishments more often than their background a. City dwellers tolerated drinking, gambling, and casual dating (shocking and sinful in small towns) 2. Cities could be impersonal and frightening b. Life was fast paced and neighbors were not as neighborly B. Prohibition: the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages were legally prohibited 3. 18th Amendment: ratified Jan, 1919 and repealed by the 21st Amendment in Dec, 1933 C. Positive Opinions/Results of Prohibition: 4. Progressives wanted it banned to stop family violence, crime, and poverty c. Support for prohibition was found in the rural native-Protestant dominated West and South d. The church-affiliated Anti-Saloon League led the drive to pass Prohibition e. Woman’s Christian Temperance Union considered drinking a sin 5. WW I reformers advocated prohibition as a war measure f. People were concerned that many German Americans owned many of the brewers g. Drinking reduced the efficiency of soldiers and workers 6. Learned we must...
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...Sitcoms Situational Comedy is one of the most dominating show genres on broadcast television today. Situational comedies are also referred to as sitcoms. These shows endear audiences with relatable circumstances that are exaggerated for humorous purposes. Humor being one of the main focuses of sitcoms, they often times depict a main character’s experiences in life. The audience experiences the trials and tribulations of life with the character, which is partly what causes a regular watcher to develop a “parasocial” relationship with them (“Research Report,” 2013). Upon examination of the development of the television sitcom, many of the humorous moments throughout the years have stemmed from embellished situations in character-to-character relationships. An analysis of these relationships, with emphasis on those of an intimate relationship has shown that today sexuality is often the source of primary humor. This sexuality in sitcoms is currently the most repetitive type of humor and is considered the standard, but such was not always the case. Early sitcoms focused on more traditional problems of marriage, of family affairs, and other every day social inter-relationship problems, and even had a different method of presentation, but throughout time they evolved to depend on the provocative behavior of the characters. The sexual problems they experience took the role of their every day problems; vulgar topics such as this became the cultural norm in comedy today. At the start...
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...reality, most readers would not find this information important enough to hold their full attention due to the complicated wording, biased examples, and the very repetitive information. The authors begin the article with a brief abstract which summarizes what it is the readers can expect from their article. The article is broken down into sections which separate the different topics that the authors are discussing. On the top of page 203 in the article, the authors clearly state, “Building on this previous research, the current study examines whether female and male characters continue to inhabit traditionally sex-typed roles. Such analysis is important in light of the fact that popular press accounts regularly boast about the rapid evolution of the portrayals of gender in prime-time” (Lauzen, Dozier, Horan p.203). When constructing their research, the authors used a variety of different sources to attempt to make their point clear to the reader including past and more current studies. The sources include many female writers who explain how their field is dominated by males, and these firsthand sources give the reader confidence in the message the authors are trying to present. Toward the end of the article, they use their own method to calculate the stereotypes in the 124...
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...Little Red Riding Hood as Depicted in Matthew Bright’s Freeway (1996) Name: Course: Lecturer: Date: Little Red Riding Hood as depicted in Matthew Bright’s Freeway (1996) [pic]Mathew Bright’s film Freeway is literal work that presents the Little Red Riding Hood with a preface of the verbal and visual texts. The film draws ideas from different books starting from Charles Perrault’s little riding text of 1697 (Catherine, 2002). The film further contains the depiction of the Little Red Riding Hood by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm in the 1982 text. In addition, the film is based on a book review of Little Red Riding Hood as portrayed by Charles Delarue’s works on French oral tales (Zipes, 2010). The books reviews have a historical dimension in their examination of the Little Red Riding Hood. Mathew Bright’s film was produced in 1996. It features the Little Red Riding Hood. The film is referred to as the freeway and it was cast in California. Little Red Riding Hood is depicted as a generation X character discerning from the way the character is clothed. The Little Red Riding Hood is shown in the film wearing saggy trousers, a jacket made of leather and combat boots that are prominent feature in hip-pop artist attires. In examining the attire it is discerned that the attire represent the people from social underclass who are closely associated with the hip-pop culture. The Little Red Riding Hood is further characterized by a voice peculiar...
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...whetting the appetite of millions for adventure. Although life in the early west was harsh, novels began proliferating in the 1860's which presented a more ideal or glamorized version of the experience. Real-life characters such as William F. Cody ("Buffalo Bill") and James Butler Hickok ("Wild Bill" Hickok) as well as a number of fictional characters were extremely popular. While many early western movies told moral tales of good triumphing over evil and men fighting for a righteous cause some were also comedies and others merely action packed showcases for their smart horses and talented "cowboy" actors. Films like "Custer’s Last Fight" in 1912, "On the Night Stage" in 1914, "Hell's Hinges" in 1916, and "Tumbleweeds" in 1925 were well received. Certainly films about the west have focused on cowboys, gunslingers, and male roles in general, with women taking more minor roles. Some early films however did provide a view of the west from the perspective of women. "The Wind" from 1928 was an example with a focus on Lillian Gish's struggle with the isolation and hardship. Although few of the more well known western films were "sympathetic" regarding Indians, some silent westerns did indeed recognize the...
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...The Protestant Reformation The Protestant Reformation was the 16th century religious and political revolution that disintegrated the Catholic Church. This reformation would define Europe in the modern era. Martin Luther, John Calvin and Henry VIII contested the Church’s power and its faculty to divide Christian religion. On October 31, 1517 Martin Luther published his “95 Theses” which led to start the Protestant Reformation, in which it stated Luther’s terms of his protest against the Catholic Church. Martin Luther argued that Jesus died on the cross for our salvation; therefore, there was no need for lavish cathedrals and offerings that the Catholic Church was accustomed to. Also, he was opposed to the practice of the church collecting indulgences in order to shorten ones stay in purgatory. These indulgences were said to pave the way to heaven for any sinner. In Martin Luther’s 95 Theses the mentions the following: “Those who believe that, through letters of pardon, they are made sure of their own salvation will be eternally dammed along with their teacher”. After the Church’s unsuccessful rebuttal, they ended up excommunicating Luther in 1521. Luther went on to translating the bible into vernacular German, which up to this point was only in Latin and only available to priests who were they only ones who read and interpreted the bible to the masses. Luther’s translation was not word for word but rather sense for sense, which would help ordinary people, read the bible...
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...of the many plays he has written and seeing them being performed on stage. But today, long after his time, his work has revolutionized the way we see and learn about Shakespeare by being portrayed in all types of media. Shakespeare is not longer exclusive to the stage; we see his works in modern day media such as film and TV now more than ever. The way we learn about Shakespeare today had to be conformed to the way our modern society has advanced. I will discuss the history of Shakespearean theatre and its rapid diffusion into modern day films as well as the specific elements originated by Shakespeare that are seen in those films. Beginning somewhere around the 1590s, Shakespeare began his rich legacy of writing plays and poetry. From comedies to histories, Shakespeare has written a large amount of texts that are also very innovative ones. But after his death, traces of his contributions can still be seen all throughout society in stories, film, artwork, and even our own diction (BBC.com). As time progressed, so did technology and the way it influenced filmmakers’ artistic perceptions of storytelling. The Shakespearean elements that began appearing in adaptations of films started to be presented in different styles to conform to the people’s needs, the innovative ways that needed to be up to date with the current times. Although some people encouraged this movement, some people did not agree with how it did not portray 100% accuracy of the original play. In today’s quickly...
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