...purpose 2. Arguments based on regularity Thomas Aquinas 1. When you look at the natural world, you can see that everything in it follows natural laws, even if the things are not conscious, thinking being. 2. If things follow natural laws they tend to do well and have some goal or purpose. 3. However, if a thing cannot think for itself it does not have any goal or purpose unless it is directed by something that thinks: take an arrow as an example. It can only be directed to its goal and used for its purpose by someone, such as an archer. 4. Conclusion: everything in the natural world that does not think for itself heads towards its goal or purpose because it is directed by something which does think. That something we call ‘God’. William Paley Part 1. 1. Paley suggests that if you went for a walk and found a rock, you could conclude that it had been there forever and not think any more about it. Whereas if you found a watch (an old fashioned watch with cogs and springs) you could examine it and find that it had moving parts which demonstrate that: (a) The watch was for a purpose: telling the time (b) The parts work together or are fit for a purpose (c) The parts were ordered and put together in a certain way to make the watch function (d) If the parts are arranged in a different way the watch does not work, i.e. it does not fulfil its purpose 2. Conclusion: the watch had a maker who ‘must have existed, at some time, and at some place or other,...
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...being that made all good happenings exist. Some religions actually share common beliefs and some oppose the fact of whom or what the number one God is or does. For example, the Buddhist has a belief in Siddhartha Gautama. They believe the teaching of this name and to them this may be their God. Siddhartha Gautama teaches them to realize that there is no rebirth after we die and everything should be a self mind controlled focus on your life. As for Christianity we argue these beliefs because the evidence we articulate overwhelms our faith and strengthen our minds to a logical understanding of ontology through what we experience and who we know as God. There are a few things that most of the general population share. It is the fact that we are all human beings who have a belief in some one or something, and when we find our worldview we tend to see life from a new aspect. Christians may tend to live whole-heartedly for Jesus Christ and share to others of the amazing joy and love that changed their hearts and lives because of their faith of what he does to change lives in general. Others may develop a world view that can separate their hart from the truth of God for they are revealed to their own religion alone by God. The existence of God is presented in four different philosophical arguments that support a certain conception of God. One is the ontological argument. It dates back to St Anslem an eleventh century philosopher/theologian. The ontological argument is studied to...
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..."Mathematical Proof Of No God" where this guy used Set Theory to prove that God doesn't exist. Being intrigued by that, I set out and successfully proved the same exact thing, using the same exact assumptions he used but with one differece: I used Boolean Logic and he used Set Theory. So here's my proof: Recently I watched this YouTube video called "Mathematical Proof Of No God" where this guy used Set Theory to prove that God doesn't exist. Being intrigued by that, I set out and successfully proved the same exact thing, using the same exact assumptions he used but with one differece: I used Boolean Logic and he used Set Theory. So here's my proof: Proof of the Non-Existance of God Assumptions: 1) Set: "something which contains elements." Denoted as: "{ }" 2) God: "omnipotent being, who has the power to do anything and there is nothing he /she cannot to." Denoted as: "God". 3) Fact: "there is no universal set that isn't contained in another set, including itself. Denoted as: "U". 4) Consequence: "God is a universal set of powers." IF: "x" is the set which contains all elements of powers, AND God has the power to do anything and there is nothing it couldn't do, THEN: God is the universal quantifier of all "x": {x,x1,x2,x3,...xn} Λ God → God{∀x} But - Considering a well known law of set theory - IF: God is the universal quantifier of all x, THEN: God MUST be contained in another set: God{∀x} → U ( God{∀x}) PROOF:...
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...A Revival: Transformation of Mevlevism in Turkey Hande DEVRİM KÜÇÜKEBE Ege University State Conservatory of Turkish Music Final Essay for IPEDAK- Erasmus Project- Intensive Programme 2010 Revival can be defined as a social movement aiming to restore and protect a tradition which is believed to be disappeared or partly neglegted. This essay will focus on how revival is discussed as a concept in the works written by Egil Bakka, Andriy Nahachewsky, Mohd Anis Md Nor and Ayhan Erol and the case of The whirling Dervishes in Turkey will be elaborated using this concept of revival. In his article ‘Whose dances? Whose authenticity?’ Egil Bakka, mentions folk dance revival in Norway as an ‘organized folk dance movement as opposed to popular tradition’. He presents two dance categories. The first one contains ‘dances staying alive because of their own strength and popularity’ and the second category consists of ‘dances being consciously cultivated, taught and sustained by a desire to preserve, nurture or utilize’ (60) In the first category there are the dances common in Norwegian rural areas and he states that there aren’t any systematic teaching and efforts to keep these dances alive. The dances in the second category are the ones which are subjected to the revival or ‘organised folk dance movement’ Bakka states that the revival process requires to move...
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...Religion | Origin of All Things | Nature of God | View of Human Nature | View of Good and Evil | View of “Salvation” | View of After Life | Practices and Rituals | Celebrations and Festivals | Week 2 Hinduism and Jainism | Ohm – an inert void of being and non being. From this void a desire was born to create beings. | God perceived in three ways. Brahman (residing everywhere) Antaryami (residing within) and Bhagavan (residing outside, beyond) | Karma – the moral law in which the cycle of birth-death-rebirth (reincarnation) takes place, giving opportunities to escape the limitations of life and death. | Doesn't recognize “sin” , views good and evil from the principle of karma. | Moksha – when an enlightened person is freed from the reincarnation cycle and comes into a state of completeness. | Doesn't punish or reward the souls, but reminds them of the true purpose of their existance before returning to earth to continue living. | Many practices center on fulfilling the duties associated with social position: brahmacharga (learning), grastha (worldy pursuits) vanaprastha (focus on spirithood) and sanngasu (contemplation) | Montly celbrations include: Saravati Puja, Maha Shiva Ratri, Holi, Rama Navami, Hanuman Jayanti, RathaYatra, Raksha Bandhana, Janmashtami, Ganesha Chaturthi, Durga Puja, Dussehra, Diwali | Week 3 Buddhism | Doesn't believe in a beginning, says the origin of all things is inconceivable...
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..."THE EMINEM" (RAP FATHER) "Eminem" Marshall Bruce Mathers a mystical theory,legend, a poor child with worst life like orphan or curse dropped out of High School at age 17, no friend or family, and now he is the most leading riches't person in Detroit city. "Rap God" name was given to him after his 8th successful released Recovery, he is no. 1 rapper in the enitre globe his existance is blessing for all those who loves rap, he was born in outside of Kansas City, Missouri detroit, michigan. He used to be the leader of D12 rap gang and launched devil's night,encore and the eminem show, it's been a short time since we've listen "Till I Collapse" in need of some breeding from a record firm. During seventy six days pause, however, his ever-reliable "lose youself"' 8 mile came across a target that, in many ways, To appreciate a new term shady. He goes by the name of ''Slim Shady" (The Rain Man as in the popular rappers). After creating a buzz in the big windsor troit area for quite sometime, he just got the rap nation's love and attention with his impressive rap guts in predicament occurence like Rap Olympics Rap Battle and won world's leading grammy's award multiple times. One glance of the gladden within his Slim Shady glimpse, one couldn't find but concede that this rapper of the Caucasian...
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...all creatures go through a birth cycle and rebirth and this is deermined by the principle of Karma. Karma is the belief that if you do something bad unto a person then in your next life after reincarnation it will be done to you. reincarnation is the belief that your soal will return to earth in another form or body. This is something that was also taugt. There are different Gods in the Hindu religion, and one of the uultimate gods Is Brahman. These gods are all personified and associated with different Attributes. The mythology of Hindu roots lie in the civilization of vedic The major sources are mahabharata, ramay and puranas. The practices Of Hindu include the seeking of gods awareness and looking for blessings From different gods. The hindu believe in an persuasive supreme being that is immanent and transcendent to the creater and unmanifest reality. They also believe that the universe goes through endless cydes of creation, preservation, and dissdution. The cradle of the Hindu religion is the Indus valley. It was vital to the surroundings of inhibitants , so the worship of the rivr god was a basic intent. With the Hindu religion a cow is connsidered to be a sacred animal and that is the same even today. Hinduism lacks a uniting belief system. There are several influences of hinduism that have made it vital and able to region in the way that it had originated. Waisting...
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...threatened with death. If they didn’t give up the beliefs then they would be executed. Pliny then details the practices of the Christians saying they’d sing hymns to Christ as god. They all blind themselves by oath. Romans would use torture in interrogations of slaves Nero- Corrupt emperor with lavish parties with prostitutes. Had one crazy party Fire set in Rome, and many people had thought that Nero set the fire during the time of the fire he wasn’t in Rome but during the conflagration he was singing a song about the destruction of Troy. Nero was blamed. People are angry but he tries to make up for it. He offered gardens for spectacles of torture. Augustine “City Of God” pg 59- Refute the pagan charges that said that the Christian’s brought the fall of Rome. Pagans said that people should worship old gods in order to achieve material advantages in this world. Augustine attacks the pagans and says that misfortune happens to all. He says that Rome had fallen before even when their gods were worshipped. 2 cities are brought in constant contrast 1. City of God 2. Earthly City Key Ideas: LOVE IS THE CENTER OF LIFE But love has to be correctly ordered- priorities GRACE IS NECESSARY EVEN AFTER CONVERSION Humans are weak and need gods help EVIL HAS NO POSITIVE EXISTANCE Evil is a corruption of the good...
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...are the only survivors and they both go their own way to living life. Pi is later questioned by Japanese investigators and when he gives them the animal story, they don’t quite take it as realistic. The boy then gives them alternative story, without the tiger and the other animals; instead…with a sailor with a broken leg, a French cook, Pi, and Pi’s mother. This story seem to be unsatisfying but acceptable to the investigators as they leave Pi alone. Later in life Pi is visited by an author who wants to write about Pi’s journey in the ocean. Pi shares with him both stories and then simply asks the author, “Which story do you prefer?” The author clearly chooses the story with the tiger, and Pi’s response to that is “And so it goes with God.” The true meaning of the film lies beneath the surface of the story. To understand the wisdom deep within the story you need to actually understand that it is not about wrestling with a true tiger, but with a metaphoric one…with questions of meaning and faith. The story is all about how can one find spirituality and meaning of life in times of all things horrible and terrible in the world...
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...There were many reasons for the downfall for the Middle Ages, but the most crucial ones were the decline of the feudal system, and the declination of the Church's power over the nation-states. In feudal society, everyone had a definite place and a definite role, with the power resting in the hands of the local lords (instead of a central government). The lords, or nobles, lost power after the Crusades, when the Europeans came into contact with the more advanced civilizations of the Byzantine Empire and the Muslims. That spurred the growth of trade, which in turn gave rise to a money system. The money system in turn caused the birth of a middle class, which didn't fit anywhere into the feudal system. It was made up of the serfs and peasants that left the feudal system in search of making money in trade. For the middle class, the king granted Charters, made a uniform law, started banking, offered protection, and expanded territory. In return, the middle class payed taxes to the king. While t his money economy grew, the feudal lords were put into an economic squeeze. As one may see, that didn't leave much of a place for the nobles, who were rapidly losing power. Another thing that contributed to their loss of power was the enforcement of Common Law, which applied throughout the kingdom. The effects of the Hundred Years' War hastened the decline of the feudal system. The use of the longbow and firearms made the feudal methods of fighting obsolete. Monarchs...
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...A love sonnet to Jesus crucified is a dear expression of true and pure love for our savior,Jesus Christ.This sonnet portrays the author's intimate love and relationship with Jesus.The poem was originally written in Spanish and has been translated the best possible into English.Although it is believed that the entire beauty of the poem was unable to be interpreted into a language other than its original dialect,The poem is an ideal masterpiece that can be associated and reflected on during the time of lent.The original author is unknown,but the poem was translated in English by Andrew M. Greenwell.It is notable that the author has a strong connection with God.”A love sonnet to Jesus crucified”speaks for itself,showing a powerful message of gratitude...
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...---------------------------4 Reflection -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5 Application ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Reference ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 Grading rubric ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8 Summary Reaching Out was published by Doubleday Dell Publishing Group in 1986. It was written by Henri Nouwen and offers counsel in the three movements of the spiritual life. The book simplifies the relational of humanity with the living God. Nouwen (1986) explores these three movements as spiritual growth and development. This he indicated will bring people closer to God. The first movement is from loneliness to solitude. Loneliness is an inner struggle for all humans. It is a feeling that no matter how many people are around you, you still feel alone or lonely. Loneliness is to be embraced, to look at it as a phase on the journey of life. The lonely person must have the courage and the faith to follow the path from loneliness to solitude. The illustration about the New York subway was very intriguing. There are so many people traveling on the same path, yet they are alone in their isolated bubble. Solitude by contrast is being centered in life, contented in the experiences of life as it occurs. The transition from loneliness to solitude involves...
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...The world's major economies are drowning in debt--Europe, the U.S., Japan, China. We all know the U.S. has tried to save its drowning economy by bailing out the parasite which is dragging it to Davy Jones Locker--the banking/financial sector-- and by borrowing and squandering $6 trillion in new Federal debt and buying toxic debt with $2 trillion whisked into existance on the Federal Reserve's balance sheet. It has failed, of course, and the economy is once again slipping beneath the waves while Ben Bernanke and the politico lackeys join in a Keynesian-monetary cargo-cult chant: Humba-humba, bunga-bunga. Their hubris doesn't allow them to confess their magic has failed, and rather than let their power be wrenched away, they will let the flailing U.S. economy drown. Europe has managed to top this hubris-drenched cargo-cult policy--no mean feat. First, it has indebted itself to a breathtaking degree, on every level: sovereign, corporate and private: Germany, the mighty engine which is supposed to pull the $16 trillion drowning European economy out of the water, is as indebted as the flailing U.S. Second, the euro's handlers have already sunk staggering sums into hopelessly insolvent debtor nations, for example, Greece, which has 355 billion euros of outstanding sovereign debt and an economy with a GDP around 200 billion euros (though it's contracting so rapidly nobody can even guess the actual size). According to BusinessWeek, the E.U. (European Union), the ECB (European Central...
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...as opposed to Advaita (non-dualistic) monism as clearly defined by Adi Shri Shankaracharya. Though Plato did believe in Dualism and reached a stage of defining the fifth element Ether but he could not grasp the spiritual essense of it completely due to lack of spiritual progress in life. That pertains to matter is materialism. That pertains to Spirit is spiritualism. Spirit and matter are dual states of existence, like night and day, black and white, good and evil and all such seemingly opposites. But, the fact remains that the seemingly opposites cannot exist in isolation from the source and remains within or connected to the source and therefore everything in the world is one unit of undifferentiated Brahman or Sat Chit Ananda (Truth(Existance), Consciousness and Bliss). If the cosmos is a one Monistic Unit of Undifferentiated Brahman, due to the illusion of the senses, the undifferentiated brahman is seen by human beings as differentiated and having separate entitties. Here the division begins, the pattern of two is dualism, then the pattern of three, the pattern of four and the pattern of five and thus to innifitnite cells in a body and to eternal infinites it gets differentiated. The Universal or cosmic law is that which has differentiated has to undifferentiate and therefore all those has differentiated goes back undifferentiated in a cycle of births and deaths and birth and moksha, nirvana or salvation as the differentiated particle of the undifferentiated...
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...to find that Caliban had wounded himself by a jagged rock. His head was bleeding profoundly and Sycorax’s wrath was at its peak. She inculpated me for not shielding him and being an competent bodyguard. I was given a pick for the punishment; I would either be gibbetted or I would become immortal and acquire a ghostly form and oblige her for my entire life. I chose the latter over the former, as at least I would be alive. No one could witness or perceive me, except for folks who possessed magical powers. From then on, I could swim for prolonged periods and take long flights into the sky. My skin turned pale-white and my experiences as a human were long preserved as memories. Even my name was altered from Aaron to Ariel, which meant ‘lion of God’. She treated me as a wretched mouse, but affirmed me as a lion, who would do everything for her. My life was an itinerary of failures and miserable events, that would only culminate in death. Now that I could touch the rainbows in the sky, I realised that the real rainbow colours of my life had disappeared forever. One fine day, Sycorax summoned me and stated, “You afflicted, stinky fice, come here! Look, we have companions from across the globe. Go take care of their privations, but be aware they must not be able to see you. Now, go!” “However, my mistress, why are you so interested in them? You have never portrayed so much engrossment in anyone else landing on this island,” I inquired. “That is because I want to make them apprehend what...
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