...PESTEL ANANLYSIS OF FRANCE INTRODUCTION France, officially the French Republic, is a sovereign country in Western Europe that includes overseas regions and territories. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. France is a developed country and has the world's fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP and seventh-largest by purchasing power parity. French citizens enjoy a high standard of living, with the country performing well in international rankings of education, health care, life expectancy, civil liberties, and human development. According to OECD, about 73% of the top 20% of the adult population in France rated their health as good or very good, compared to about 60% for the bottom 20%, and the top 20% of the population earn $45,292/ year,and the bottom 20% live on $23,069/ year. It is one of only three countries- besides Morocco and Spain, to have both Atlantic and Mediterranean coastlines. France remains a great power with significant cultural, economic, military, and political influence in Europe and around the world. It has the world's sixth-largest military budget, and third-largest stockpile of nuclear weapons, along with second-largest diplomatic corps, after the US. France is one of the largest economies in the EU, with GDP of $2.26 trillion in 2013 (constant 2005 prices). The country's well-developed infrastructure and strong services sector support the economy. But although...
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...Emperor of the French, issued the Berlin Decrees; beginning a self-blockade of Europe that would last to some extent or another, for the next 8 years until his abdication on April 11th 1814. Bonaparte is purported to have believed that his policy of Blocus Continental would lead to inflation and large-scale debt within Britain, and while his desired impact of the Continental System unto the UK was not quite so dramatic, the affects that Napoleon intended as a result of the Berlin Decrees were extremely significant in terms of their impact upon Europe. However, there were also numerous consequential impacts of the Continental System which need to be examined if an objective assessment of its impacts upon Europe is to be made; aided by the classification of impacts into short and long term and positive or negative. The Continental System was intended as a way in which Bonaparte could force Britain into a peace, but its primary effect was that of alienation. After the Milan Decrees (17th December, 1807) endorsed and actively legislated for the capture of neutral ships sailing in international waters if they had traded at a British Port, carried British goods; or merely had allowed the Royal Navy to search their ship. This effectively changed the way in which trade worked across the Globe, in turn inflicting very significant impacts upon Europe. Before the Continental System became enforced, colonial trade had been highly centralised around the European Powers; especially Britain...
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...deficit that leads to high government debt, too-high-taxes that slow the growth of the economy in all sectors, huge unemployment level and negative trade balance. Though in 5 years the economic situation is likely to improve comparing to today’s level, we forecast that the pace will be slower than needed. The structural reforms should be performed as soon as possible. We recommend use the supply-side policies, that concentrate on deregulation of the labor market, downsizing the government sector’ share in the economy by privatization of public enterprises and services, and lowering the tax rates. We believe these measures will help to boost the competitiveness of French companies and products in domestic and world markets, and will improve the growth of France’ economy in the medium and long term. 2. Current state of economy France continues to underperform in 2014. In October 2014 the ratings agency Standard and Poor’s lowered its outlook from “stable” to “negative,” saying its financial recovery is “elusive”. Main indicators please see in Appendix 5.1. GDP is projected to grow by only 0.4% in 2014 (0.6% planned), compared with 0.8% for the Eurozone as a whole. Fixed investment has been dropping since 2012 and in 2014 appears to be falling at an accelerating pace (1.8%), despite rising capacity utilization. Its recovery is likely to be more lackluster than in previous recovery phases. French exporters mainly compete in price-sensitive markets...
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...l’auteur, nom de l’article, éditeur, lieu d’édition, année, page). Je certifie par ailleurs que je n’ai ni contrefait, ni falsifié, ni copié l’œuvre d’autrui afin de la faire passer pour mienne. J’ai été informé des sanctions prévues au Guide de l’Etudiant de l’Idrac en cas de plagiat. Fait à ……………………….., le ………………………. Signature de l’étudiant (e). I) Introduction As part of our international marketing project, we were asked to choose a company in order to implement it in a country where it was not present so that we can carry out the various studies that should realize that his ambition was to develop a commercial activity and thus expand its network. This is why I decided to choose the brand of French wine "NICOLAS" I choose to locate in a country where French wine is appreciated but not yet traded. Nicolas (Nicolas wines) is the largest chain of wine shops wine specialist. At the time, she was easily recognizable by its small delivery man who was walking from street to street, hands full bottle. Today, the brand has 549 stores, including Nicolas 464 franchisees in France with 22, 67 in England and 8 in Belgium and four in Switzerland. I chose this company because I am from a...
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...people, information, cultures, and ideas cross borders at. This paper will be analysing the effects of globalization on many aspects of France. Historically, France has opposed globalization and this disdain started gaining ground during the early 1990s as Europe was becoming integrated. The French feared globalization because they wanted to preserve their own rich culture, and because they saw globalization as another form of americanization and wanted no part of that. An example of this would be in 1999 when “a forty-six-year-old sheep farmer named José Bové was arrested for dismantling the construction site of a new McDonald’s restaurant in the southern French town of Millau. He acted, he argued, in protest against U.S. retaliatory trade sanctions against European products (notably, French cheese) and the uncontrolled spread of free market globalization. By attacking McDonald’s, and getting himself photographed in handcuffs in the process, the publicity conscious Bové was striking out at the symbol of U.S.-inspired globalization, a perceived threat to French identity and culinary traditions” (Gordon, 1). José Bové tried to stand up against a global corporation who was eating away at french culture, his ideals struck a chord and he became famous quickly, symbolizing the part of france that resisted globalization. Surveys done of public opinion showed that Bové’s message was popular and “in a range of polls 72 percent said they felt suspicious of globalization, 65 percent perceived...
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...The French Revolution (French: Révolution française; 1789–1799) was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France that had a fundamental impact on French history and on modern history more broadly. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed within three years. French society underwent an epic transformation, as feudal, aristocratic and religious privileges evaporated under a sustained assault from radical left-wing political groups, masses on the streets, and peasants in the countryside.[1] Old ideas about tradition and hierarchy regarding monarchs, aristocrats, and the Catholic Church were abruptly overthrown by new principles of Liberté, égalité, fraternité (liberty, equality and fraternity). The royal houses across Europe were horrified and led a countercrusade that by 1814 had restored the old monarchy, but many major reforms became permanent. So too did antagonisms between the supporters and enemies of the Revolution, who fought politically over the next two centuries. Amidst a fiscal crisis, the common people of France were increasingly angered by the incompetency of King Louis XVI and the continued indifference and decadence of the aristocracy. This resentment, coupled with burgeoning Enlightenment ideals, fueled radical sentiments, and the French Revolution began in 1789 with the convocation of the Estates-General in May. The first year of the Revolution saw members of the Third Estate proclaiming the Tennis Court Oath in June, the assault...
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...Historically, the French had been the dominant competitor in the global wine industry due to the low effect of the five forces of competition. The main barriers to entry that kept the threat of competitors low for the French were incumbency advantages, unequal access to distribution channels and restrictive government policies. This first barrier, incumbency advantages, can be explained by the domestic French Wine Industry in the late 18th to mid 19th century that was already supporting 1.5 million families for both the growing of grapes and other wine-related businesses. France already had a domestic market for the growth and cultivation of vineyards that was able to provide French producers with a steady supply of agricultural inputs. Secondly, France possessed a domestic distribution system that created the second barrier to entry for competitors, unequal access to distribution channels. Their domestic market already utilized a distribution system by selling wine in bulk to merchant traders called negociants who would blend and bottle wine before distribution. With advances in both bottling and pasteurization allowing for long distance transportation of wine, France was in a premier spot to take advantage of exporting wine. Finally, as the wine industry continued to grow, the French Government created new barriers to entry by implementing a classification system that greatly benefited the French. This barrier to entry, restrictive government policies, allowed French wines to...
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...| 2013 | | Department of Management Studies IIT Roorkee | [Country report: france] | The report contains an overall analysis of France as a business destination for trade and new business ventures. We have adopted the PESTEL Analysis methodology to arrive to our conclusion. | INDEX 1. Introduction 2. Timeline: France 3.1 History 3.2 Present 3.3 Future 3. PESTEL Analysis 4.4 Political 4.5 Economic 4.6 Social 4.7 Technological 4.8 Environmental 4.9 Legal 4. Summery 5. Conclusion 6. Bibliography Introduction France – officially known as the ‘French Republic’, is one of the most influential nations and has dominated the world with its art, culture, fashion, economy and military. Located in Western Europe, France is spread over an area of 640,000 Sq. Kms and shares its borders with Spain in south and Belgium, Luxemburg, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco and Andorra in north. Capital city of France is Paris, and other major cities and industrial centres include, Bordeaux, Strasbourg, Valence and Nimes. Paris, the capital city of France is one of the four fashion capitals of the world, also famous for Eiffel Tower – One of the seven wonders, this city boasts of hosting some of the biggest fashion related events of the world. France is a major player in political affairs of the world and is of the permanent members of UN Security Council. Economy of France...
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...to police and tax the population effectively. Local power structures that held legal privileges, such as nobles, the church, provincial and other national assemblies, town councils, and guilds, could not easily be rescinded. Many people also spoke a language different from that of the Crown, further decreasing their willingness to obey its commands. 4. The Thirty Years War began as a religious civil war between...
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...Find our latest analyses and trade ideas on bsic.it Alstom saga ends with a “ménage à trois” General Electric; Market Cap: $299.6bn (as of 06/11/2015) Alstom; Market Cap: $9.06bn (as of 06/11/2015) Introduction General Electric finally concluded its €9.7bn (about $10.6bn) acquisition of Alstom’s power business after getting the final regulatory approvals. The deal represents GE’s biggest ever industrial acquisition. GE's offer was accepted by Alstom at €12.35bn in April 2014, but then the French government rightfully forced some changes in the deal structure. To win the approval from the French government, GE’s newest proposition involved setting up joint ventures in renewable energy, electricity grid equipment and nuclear power. In fact, the value of the stakes Alstom will own in the three joint ventures is estimated to be about €2.6bn which means that the net cash cost of the deal for GE is about €9.7bn. Moreover, the US and European regulators required the sell-off of part of the GE’s turbine business to the Italian Ansaldo Energia in order to keep the market competitive. Before GE got the “green light” from Paris, there was lot of competition between GE and the joint offer of Siemens and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries for the acquisition of Alstom, even though the board of Alstom favoured GE’s clear and simple offer. Moreover, GE promised to add about 1000 new jobs in France, where it has had large existing operations for decades. On the other hand, the government...
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...1. Politically, the period from 1715 to 1789 witnessed a. the rise of the masses in politics as advocated by the philosophes. b. the waning of monarchical power. c. the continuing process of centralization in the development of nation-states. d. "enlightened absolutism" establish its deepest roots in France. e. a decline in bureaucratic structures and more laissezfaire types of government. 2. During the eighteenth century, the idea of Divine Right a. remained a strong basis for government. b. was gradually replaced by more republican ideas concerning government. c. was replaced by the idea of "enlightened absolutism" justified by utilitarian arguments. d. was best exemplified by the reign of Joseph II of Austria. e. disappeared with the death of Louis XIV in 1715. 3. France in the eighteenth century a. thrived under the strong leadership of Louis XV and Louis XVI. b. suffered from severe economic depression throughout the century. c. was torn apart by a series of civil wars. d. lost an empire while acquiring a huge public debt. e. brought back the Estates General during the reign of Louis XV. 4. Louis XV's most famous mistress was a. Marie Antoinette. b. Madame de Pompadour. c. Mary Wollstonecraft. d. Madame Guillotine. e. Comtesse de Boigne. 5. In the 1700s, members of the British Parliament were a. appointed by the King. b. usually overseas and not actually in Parliament voting. c. chosen in different ways in different districts. d. elected...
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...The French Revolution happened in 1789 and ended at 1799.There were five causes for the French Revolution: Absolute Monarchy, Social Inequality, Economic Injustice, Enlightenment, and Other Revolutions. During the French Revolution there were four stages: The Tennis Court Oath, The Great Fear, The Rain Of Terror, and Moderation. There were two relevant effects that were called, The Spread of The Idea of a Democratic Government, and Nationalism.Napoleon was a very important guy during the French Revolution. In 1789 France was ruled under an Absolute Monarchism. The Absolute Monarchism happened when King Louie and Queen Marin Marian Twenet of France made a final decision and no one could complain. In France people were broken up into three states,...
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...Introduction As indicated in the discussion of the French Revolution, there is a logical and long-range pattern that revolutions follow. Therefore, understanding the pattern of past revolutions can help us anticipate events in current revolutions, more specifically the final stages of the process now taking place in Russia and China. One word of caution, however: these are likely trends, not absolute certainties. Outside events (e.g., a major war) and other historical forces unique to Russia and China respectively, could divert events in a very different direction from what is indicated here. Still, this pattern generally holds up and should serve as a guide in how we deal with nations still undergoing this process. That being said, following is a comparison of the French Revolution, which after 82 years finally reached a stable democratic form of government by 1871, and the Russian Revolution, which after 92 years is presumably in its final stage of evolution toward democracy. Forces leading to revolution Both countries shared three elements that helped lead to war: 1) Both regimes were burdened by heavy debts incurred from wars. In France’s case, this was the debt incurred by its support of the American Revolution. For Russia, this was the even higher cost in lives and money suffered during the first three years of World War I....
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...How the French and Indian War Affect the Revolutionary War The American Revolution was gradually built up throughout the 1700s, but the French and Indian war had a huge contribution to the American sense of individualism and liberty that led to its break from England. The French and Indian war taught the divided colonials many things that would help them in the upcoming war with England, including military experience, realization of the fallibility of England, anti-English sentiment, growth in colonial unity, the elimination of the threat that France and its Indian allies posed to the colonies. Without the contributions of the French and Indian War, the American Revolution could have been much more difficult to begin and carry out. The experiences of colonials in the French and Indian War were invaluable in their revolution, specifically in the war with England. The colonials under George Washington gained military experience, and learned they could defeat a bigger force. In the initial conflict of the war that was only formally declared two years later, Washington was sent as a lieutenant colonel in command of around one hundred and fifty colonial militiamen in order to secure the claims of several Virginians in Ohio Valley. They encountered a small force of French troops about forty miles from the French Fort Duquesne. After a short battle, the French leader was killed, and his troops retreated. This gave the colonials that fought there, including Washington, valuable...
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...which spun off his rapid acquisitions and buying of stakes in related companies instead of allowing for gradual internal growth 2. The global economy would grow indefinitely with no problems 3. The water business was not a growth business Capital Culture：以为欧洲人可以接受美国文化，拥护他的想法 事实上法国人拒绝Americanize State：无条件支持 Skill formation（employee training）：generalist----France 不利于radical innovation； Financial system Strategy: 想建立双元制企业 ambidextrous 政府支持 并购可以低成本扩张，规模效应，资产增值，提高行业进入成本 B. 为什么好收购 USA：Financial market liquid; venture capital strong bb 允许hostile takeover France：two tier; social distance--- employee no power; CEO is Chairman, high power; ownership control---direct & market control的combine （员工，股东都不能影响决策，只有state和CEO有影响和决策） 收购share price快速上涨，美国financial system和法国corporate governance的优点是成功的原因；法国的缺点是失败的原因 税前利润 EB 占state的便宜又能占conglomerate的便宜 曾经政府支持 state 双元制 理想---integration 新老share 老的不受新的影响 现实---新的occupy老的 manage resource sharing Growing global interest in communications. Lack of expertise in new business Rapid expansion---analysts had a tough time in understanding Messier’s planning and strategy; uproar by public and politicians—firing of Lescure; expansion at the expense of burdening the company with debt and overvalued assets; mounting debt due to excessive acquisitions French Pressure from politicians and Media In the French business context, it was unusual for a board member to criticize the chairman talk about him at his own meeting. Board...
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