...The urban in fragile, uncertain, neoliberal times: towards new geographies of social justice? R. ALAN WALKS Department of Geography, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Cananda L5L 1C6 (e-mail: alan.walks@utoronto.ca) Canadian cities are at a crossroads. The neoliberalization of governance at multiple scales, inadequate re-investment in urban infrastructure, increasing reliance on continental and international trade, and the restructuring of the space economy have combined to weaken Canada’s cities just as the global economic system is undergoing transformation. Canadian urban geographic scholarship has much to offer under current conditions, and is already making significant contributions in key areas. In particular, research on what might be called the contours and impacts of urban restructuring and the neoliberal city, immigration and cities of difference, and urban environmental justice show much promise and are likely to define the core of Canadian urban geography into the future. Key words: cities, urban geography, Canada, economic restructuring, neoliberalism, social justice L’urbain ` une ´poque fragile, incertaine et a e n´olib´rale: vers de nouvelles g´ographies de la e e e justice sociale? ` Les villes canadiennes sont a la crois´e des chemins. e Alors que l’´conomie mondiale traverse une p´riode e e de transformation, la situation des villes au Canada se pr´carise avec les effets de la restructuration e ` n´olib´rale de la gouvernance a multiples...
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...Ingrid Gould Ellen, Katherine M. O'Regan ⁎ NYU, Wagner Graduate School and Furman Center, NY, United States a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t This paper examines whether the economic gains experienced by low-income neighborhoods in the 1990s followed patterns of classic gentrification (as frequently assumed) — that is, through the in migration of higher income white, households, and out migration (or displacement) of the original lower income, usually minority residents, spurring racial transition in the process. Using the internal Census version of the American Housing Survey, we find no evidence of heightened displacement, even among the most vulnerable, original residents. While the entrance of higher income homeowners was an important source of income gains, so too was the selective exit of lower income homeowners. Original residents also experienced differential gains in income and reported greater increases in their satisfaction with their neighborhood than found in other lowincome neighborhoods. Finally, gaining neighborhoods were able to avoid the losses of white households that non-gaining low income tracts experienced, and were thereby more racially stable rather than less. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Article history: Received 8 June 2010 Received in revised form 22 December 2010 Accepted 28 December 2010 Available online 6 January 2011 Keywords: Neighborhood change Gentrification Displacement 1. Introduction The 1990s were a decade of economic...
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...London: Contrasting Suburbs This Factsheet looks at a cross section of London's suburbs. Suburbs were once seen as the homes of London's affluent commuters. But now many of these suburbs face problems of deprivation and neglect. “The suburbs of London have a special place in our imagination and affections. Whether or not we actually live there, we feel we know them. As the inspiration for novels and poetry, the butt of jokes or the setting of sitcoms, they have been part of the cultural landscape for decades. But in this case familiarity has not always bred contempt. Even as we think of cherry blossom billowing across the neat avenues of ‘Metroland’, or net curtains twitching behind Neighbourhood Watch stickers, we know that the suburbs are more complicated and less cosy than their popular image”. Definitions Suburb, suburbia:. Suburbia generally refers to the outer residential parts of a continuously built-up city. A suburb is a socially homogeneous district within that area. The term carries connotations of fairly low densities of occupance and of a particular life style suited to family and leisure needs. [The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography]. Philip Davies [Director, London Region, English Heritage] Suburbanisation: The outward growth of urban development to engulf surrounding villages and rural areas. “Suburbs are at risk of becoming new inner cities in terms of deprivation” [The Guardian December 31st 2003] Suburbanisation and the...
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...the health and care services over the next 25 years or so. | June 09 | Describe and explain the formation of landforms resulting from rejuvenation. | With specific reference to a case study of coastal erosion, assess the relative importance of its physical and socio-economic consequences. | Outline and comment on the economic and political consequences of populationchange | Describe and suggest reasons for regional variations in morbidity in the UK. | Jan 10 | Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of hard engineering as a floodmanagement strategy | Explain the causes of sea level change and the formation of resultant coastal landforms. | For any two of the following types of area, summarise the contrasts between themand explain the implications of these contrasts for social welfare: * inner city * suburban * rural–urban fringe * rural settlement.Chosen areas: | Discuss the impact of obesity on people’s health and the strategies adopted to care for people with obesity | June 10 | Compare and comment on the economic and social effects of flooding in two contrasting areas of the world. | Discuss issues relating to a coastal area where soft engineering management strategies have been adopted. | Comment on the impact of different population structures on the balance between population and resources. | With reference to a local case study, assess the relative importance of age, gender and wealth for the...
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...Preface Anonymity On any given day a number of individuals travel to and through the South Dallas area where this initial research project took place. Many visitors to the area often stop at the few remaining mom-and-pop restaurants for a greasy cheeseburger, link, or fish basket where several of the public characters that took part in this research hustle for money to buy that day’s beverage, blunt, or bed. The participants in this research are constantly in the public’s eye. Their identities are not secret and often the ways in which they engage in informal economy are well known as well. A select few of these individuals have participated in city meetings that are televised. Other anthropologists, sociologists, and curious academics have examined the decline of this southern sector of Dallas for one reason or another. Newspaper reporters and other media groups have often completed editorial pieces on this community and its residents (housed and un-housed). Identities are often made public; however, anonymity in regards to person or place is very much a component to this research in accordance with the anthropological guidelines of human subject protection. A pseudonym has been provided for each individual and place of business that participated in this research. Introduction Society is not a mere sum of individuals. Rather, the system formed by their association represents a specific reality which has its own characteristics... The group thinks, feels, and...
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...behavior and behavior change; what people think about themselves and others; the cultural and social differences that influence well-being; and the relationships between social stratification, access to resources, and well-being. The Psychological, Social, and Biological Foundations of Behavior section emphasizes concepts that tomorrow’s doctors need to know in order to serve an increasingly diverse population and have a clear understanding of the impact of behavior on health. Further, it communicates the need for future physicians to be prepared to deal with the human and social issues of medicine. This section is designed to • • • • • test psychology, sociology, and biology concepts that provide a solid foundation for learning in medical school about the behavioral and sociocultural determinants of health; test concepts taught at many colleges and universities in first-semester psychology and sociology courses; test biology concepts that relate to mental processes and behavior that are taught at many colleges and universities in introductory biology; test basic research methods and statistics concepts described by many baccalaureate faculty as important to success in introductory science courses; and require you to demonstrate your scientific inquiry and reasoning, research methods, and statistics skills as applied to the social and...
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...Apartment • Apartment: a relatively self-contained housing unit in a building which is often rented out to one person or a family, or two or more people sharing a lease in a partnership, for their exclusive use. Sometimes called a flat or digs (slang). Some locales have legal definitions of what constitutes an apartment. In some locations, "apartment" denotes a building that was built specifically for such units, whereas "flat" denotes a unit in a building that had been originally built as a single-family house, but later on subdivided into some multi-unit house type.[5] • Apartment building, Block of flats: a multi-unit dwelling made up of several (generally four or more) apartments. Contrast this with the two-family house and the three-family dwelling. An apartment (in US English) or flat (in British English and often associated with or miscontrued as social housing) is a self-contained housing unit (a type of residential real estate) that occupies only part of a building. Such a building may be called an apartment building, especially if it consists of many apartments for rent. Apartments may be owned by an owner/occupier or rented by tenants (two types of housing tenure). The term apartment is favored in North America, whereas the term flat is commonly, but not exclusively, used in the United Kingdom, Hong Kong and most Commonwealth countries. In Malaysian English, flat often denotes a housing block of lesser quality meant for lower-income groups, while apartment...
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...The Lauder GLobaL business insiGhT reporT 2014 rebalancing the Global economy Lauder-Report-2014.indd 1 12/18/13 12:07 PM Introduction The Lauder GLobaL business insiGhT reporT 2014 rebalancing the Global economy In this special report, students from the Joseph H. Lauder Institute of Management & International Studies examine current trends and recent developments shaping today’s global marketplace. The articles cover a wide variety of topics ranging from technology, innovation and brand building to infrastructure, entrepreneurship and social impact. A section on consumer markets looks at the popularity of e-cigarettes in France and elsewhere, efforts by Japanese firms to expand their businesses into Asia, new trends in French gastronomy, changes in Japan’s traditional food-consumption habits, and how a sector of the Chinese population is spreading, and spending, its newfound wealth. The report offers an analysis linking market-driven strategies with social impact in Peru and Colombia, as well as an article describing South Carolina’s embrace of innovative research. Other articles look at the Russian government’s attempt to reboot the city of Skolkovo as an innovation hub, the mixed success of innovation efforts in China, and the growing threat of cybercrime to businesses across the world. The challenges of infrastructure and planning are addressed in analyses of transportation in areas of Latin America, deficiencies in Brazil’s infrastructure, and real estate’s...
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...BAY AREA SOCIAL SERVICES CONSORTIUM Understanding Poverty From Multiple Social Science Perspectives A Learning Resource for Staff Development In Social Service Agencies Michael J. Austin, PhD, Editor BASSC Staff Director Mack Professor of Nonprofit Management School of Social Welfare University of California, Berkeley 510-642-7066 mjaustin@berkeley.edu August 2006 1 Table of Contents Introduction – Michael J. Austin, Guest Editor Part I Multiple Social Science Perspectives of Poverty Theories of Poverty: Findings from Textbooks on Human Behavior and the Social Environment Amanda J. Lehning, Catherine M. Vu, & Indira Pintak Economic Theories of Poverty Sun Young Jung & Richard Smith Sociological Theories of Poverty in Urban America Jennifer Price Wolf Psychological Theories of Poverty Kelly Turner & Amanda Lehning An Anthropological View of Poverty Kristine Frerer & Catherine Vu Political Science Perspectives on Poverty Amanda Lehning Theories of Global Poverty in the Developed and Developing World Jennifer Morazes & Indira Pintak Part II Theory Integration and Practitioner Perspectives Social Capital and Neighborhood Poverty: Toward an Ecologically-Grounded Model of Neighborhood Effects Kathy Lemon Osterling Social Work Students’ Perceptions of Poverty Sherrill Clark The Explosive Nature of the Culture of Poverty: A Teaching Case Based on An Agency-based Training Program Catherine Vu & Michael J. Austin 2 ...
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...WORKBOOK ANSWERS AQA A2 Economics Unit 3 Business Economics and the Distribution of Income This Answers book provides answers for the questions asked in the workbook. They are intended as a guide to give teachers and students feedback. The candidate responses supplied here for the longer essay-style questions are intended to give some idea about how the exam questions might be answered. The examiner commentaries (underlined text) have been added to give you some sense of what is rewarded in the exam and which areas can be developed. Again, these are not the only ways to answer such questions but they can be treated as one way of approaching questions of these types. Topic 1 The firm: objectives, costs and revenues 1 Both private and public companies are privately owned capitalist business enterprises. The difference stems from their ownership. Private companies are owned by private shareholders who can choose the buyer of their shares. Public company shares are listed on the stock market, which means that they have to comply with the rules of the stock market and any member of the public can buy shares in the company. 2 An excess of sales receipts over the spending of a business during a period of time, which can be calculated using the formula: profit = revenue – costs. 3 At any level of output, revenue is calculated by multiplying output by the price at which each unit of output is sold. In perfect competition, because it is always possible to increase...
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...Cities 29 (2012) 142–154 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Cities journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/cities City profile Seoul Hyung Min Kim, Sun Sheng Han ⇑ Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 13 August 2010 Received in revised form 25 November 2010 Accepted 12 February 2011 Available online 13 July 2011 Keywords: Urban history Economic development Housing Planning policies Metropolitan governance a b s t r a c t Seoul is a major global city with a history of over 600 years. Its development trajectory, current status in the world economy, and challenges faced in socio-spatial dynamics present an excellent case in the study of cities, especially of the Asia–Pacific region. This profile outlines Seoul’s historical development, recent changes and contemporary conditions (in terms of its territory, economy, land and housing market, urbanisation policy, infrastructure development, social impact and culture), metropolitan planning, and future development. Ó 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Historical development A significant year in Seoul’s history is 1394 during which Seoul, by the name of Han Yang, was chosen as the new capital of the Chosun (or Joseon) Dynasty (Kim, 2009: p. 194). The first 10 years of Seoul as a capital city were characterised by uncertainty about its status as the capital,...
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.... Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of work that today qualify as constituting the subject of organisational theory. Whilst their writing is accessible and engaging, their approach is scholarly and serious. It is so easy for students (and indeed others who should know better) to trivialize this very problematic and challenging subject. This is not the case with the present book. This is a book that deserves to achieve a wide readership. Professor Stephen Ackroyd, Lancaster University, UK This new textbook usefully situates organization theory within the scholarly debates on modernism and postmodernism, and provides an advanced introduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, including chapters on phenomenology, critical theory and psychoanalysis. Like all good textbooks, the book is accessible, well researched and readers are encouraged to view chapters as a starting point for getting to grips with the field of organization theory. Dr Martin Brigham, Lancaster University, UK McAuley et al. provide a highly readable account...
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...ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY Y U K O A O YA M A J A M E S T. M U R P H Y SUSAN HANSON KEY CONCEPTS IN key concepts in economic geography The Key Concepts in Human Geography series is intended to provide a set of companion texts for the core fields of the discipline. To date, students and academics have been relatively poorly served with regards to detailed discussions of the key concepts that geographers use to think about and understand the world. Dictionary entries are usually terse and restricted in their depth of explanation. Student textbooks tend to provide broad overviews of particular topics or the philosophy of Human Geography, but rarely provide a detailed overview of particular concepts, their premises, development over time and empirical use. Research monographs most often focus on particular issues and a limited number of concepts at a very advanced level, so do not offer an expansive and accessible overview of the variety of concepts in use within a subdiscipline. The Key Concepts in Human Geography series seeks to fill this gap, providing detailed description and discussion of the concepts that are at the heart of theoretical and empirical research in contemporary Human Geography. Each book consists of an introductory chapter that outlines the major conceptual developments over time along with approximately twenty-five entries on the core concepts that constitute the theoretical toolkit of geographers working within a specific subdiscipline. Each entry provides...
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...Information Systems Today, 5e (Valacich/Schneider) Chapter 1: Managing in the Digital World 1) Knowledge workers are professionals who ________. A) use knowledge to perform their jobs, but do not create knowledge B) create, modify, and/or synthesize knowledge as a fundamental part of their jobs C) use their skills to help others gain knowledge D) modify knowledge created by others, but do not create knowledge themselves E) work in the education industry Answer: B Page Ref: 5 AACSB: Use of IT Difficulty: Easy Objective: LO 1-1 Classification: Conceptual 2) Which of the following predictions made by Peter Drucker is true? A) Knowledge workers have lesser bargaining power than workers in other industries. B) Knowledge workers do not possess valuable real-world skills. C) Knowledge workers are not reliant on formal education. D) Knowledge workers are continually learning how to do their jobs better. E) Knowledge workers are not paid as well as their prior industrial counterparts. Answer: D Page Ref: 5 AACSB: Use of IT Difficulty: Moderate Objective: LO 1-1 Classification: Conceptual 3) During the time of the industrial revolution, some individuals who felt threatened by the changes brought about by technology resorted to protesting against the technology. Identify these individuals. A) Luddites B) Utopists C) Millenarists D) Utilitarians E) Preterists Answer: A Page Ref: 7 AACSB: Use of IT Difficulty: Easy Objective: LO 1-1 ...
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...HOW TO Prepare Your Curriculum Vitae Revised Edition Acy L. Jackson and C. Kathleen Geckeis Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-142626-4 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-139044-8 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve...
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