...Comparison Essay The literary works Pride and Prejudice and The Importance of Being Earnest are interpreted as “comedies of manners.” Jane Austen and Oscar Wilde use satire to criticize their own respective societies in their work. Both works were written around the same time period, leading to correlations between the novel and play. However, both works are distinctly different from each other. The commonalities and differences between them consists of: the author’s perspective of their respective society, themes, and relevance to the society of today. The perspective of society plays a significant role when evaluating how Austen and Wilde viewed their respective societies. In each evaluation, both authors share a fair bit of commonalities...
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...How are Victorian attitudes to marriage and respectability satirised in ‘The Importance of Being Earnest’? Oscar Wilde uses the play ‘The Importance of Being Earnest’ to mock and ridicule the attitudes and popular conceptions towards marriage and respectability of the upper class in his own time which he believed to be purely superficial. Through the use of controversial satirical caricatures- in particular Lady Bracknell - Wilde often exaggerates behaviour and language when addressing the topic of marriage to instigate humour. The comedy which is thus generated by Wilde’s epigrams, stereotypes and heavy irony invites the audience to laugh at the ridiculousness of their own attitudes in order to teach them a moral lesson. Marriage has always been subject to the whims of fashion, but in Wilde’s era the problem as he saw it, was that marriage appeared to have lost any connection with love. The societal rules and rituals which had to be followed for the arrangement of a marriage were necessary to sustain or improve an individual’s social position; eligibility was determined by a thorough interrogation of an individual’s name, wealth, family background and rank. However it could be argued that far from pushing the boundaries in making the audience understand their shallow values in relation to marriage and respectability one of the huge structural ironies of the comedy is that all characters marry their social equals- whether this is because Wilde thinks that they deserve each other...
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...Struggle in Vain In "Cat in the Rain," Ernest Hemingway portrays a woman who makes a vain attempt to take control of her own life and change her subordinate status. Though she courageously expresses her ideas and takes action to pursue what she yearns for, she fails to directly refute males' opinions and she, in the end, makes compromises to males. Throughout the story, the woman repeatedly expresses her desire for the cat in the rain. Ignored by her husband for a long time, the woman tries to save the cat to realize her self-value. Regarded as the symbol of females, cats are delicate, vulnerable and uncontrollable of their own fate. It seems to the woman that if she successfully saved the cat out of the rain, she would also be able to save herself out of the submissive position. As Yang Xi mentions, the woman "[expresses her] opinions indirectly on purpose so as to conceal [her] real intention." (Yang 184) As a matter of fact, the woman's wish of protecting the cat, caring for the cat and looking after the cat represents her wish of being protected, being well cared for and being looked after. She attempts to, through looking for the cat, arouse her husband's conscience, responsibility and love. The woman's attitude towards the hotel owner also reveals her hope for being attached importance to. In contrast to the husband's apathy and ruthlessness, the hotel owner pays respect to the woman, and provides the woman with considerate and thoughtful service. The hotel owner...
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...students can perceive the relativity of values and examine their own moral sense from a new perspective 5) to demonstrate that ethics are historical and social constructions Course Standards: On completion of this course, students should be able to: 1) describe the major ethical values of Victorian society, e.g. social and sexual division, religion, progress, innovation, family life, imperialism, etc. 2) give examples of how moral values affected the everyday life of the Victorians 3) explain how moral standards were both a cause and effect of social progress 4) present a reasoned discussion of the moral attitude of Victorian society to issues such as religion, sex, crime, poverty, equality, work and family 5) draw comparisons between the moral issues of the Victorian period and of our own Teaching Methods: 1) lectures, note-taking and discussion of main points 2) reading and interpretation of primary and secondary sources 3) production of a 1200 word research paper which is program-specific 4) visit to a historic site or museum 5) creation of a Victorian collectible with an accompanying short essay. The collectible is an item researched and created by the student in the Victorian style. Evaluation: Research paper outline and bibliography (due September) 10% Research paper...
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...The second-born child tends to feel inadequate to their parents in comparison to their older sibling; as a result, they criticize the third child as an attempt from the second-born to raise their own self-esteem, a pattern that is typically passed down from child to child (Brown-Daniels). Middle children tend to have sociable and friendly communication styles and enjoy chaos as a result of being used to having others around them and little privacy (Forer 1969). They don't expect and aren’t used to being the center of attention, therefore, they are more open and willing to adapt to sharing attention, more than any other birth position (Forer 1969). The youngest child tends to be spontaneous, creative, and less rigid compared to their older siblings (Forer 1969). Although the younger child communicates primarily with older people, their communication style progresses backwards as they realize that manipulation, screaming, tattling, and tears are effective ways of gaining their parents attention, and demonstrating leverage over their older, dominant siblings (Forer, 1969). Later-borns tend have lower verbal skills so they cope by leaning towards displays of physical aggressiveness while using muscular and similar types of communication to survive with the outside environment more readily than the first-born (Forer, 1969)....
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...In what ways does Fitzgerald and Williams present the importance of hopes and dreams? Both F. Scott Fitzgerald’s ‘The Great Gatsby’ and Arthur Miller’s ‘A Death of a Salesman’ focus their main ideas on the importance of hopes and dreams. Death of a Salesman, produced in 1949, has become a classic of modern American theatre. It is a story of an average salesman with a dream of being rich and well-liked. Willy believes whole heartedly in what he considers the promise of the American Dream. In the 1940’s The American Dream was as simple as it gets, to have a perfect, successful life with a common nuclear family, a house in the suburbs, a nice car and a life without conflict or family strife. ‘The Great Gatsby’ is a highly symbolic reflection on 1920’s America as a whole, in particular the disappearance of the American Dream in an era of material excess. On the surface, ‘The Great Gatsby’ is a story of the eternal love between a man and a woman. However, in reality the main theme of the novel involves a much larger, less romantic outlook. The 1920’s was an era of decayed social and moral values, which means that the idea of The American Dream was different to what it is now. When World War 1 ended in 1918, the generation of young Americans who fought the war became intensely disillusioned. The rise of the stock market in the aftermath of the war led to a sudden increase in the national wealth and a new found materialism, leading the younger generation to pursue a life of extravagance...
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...Psychotherapy Volume 32/Winter 1995/Number 4 DOES THE OEDIPUS COMPLEX EXIST? JOEL KUPFERSMID PSI, Twinsburg, Ohio The Oedipus complex is considered to be the nucleus of neurosis for Freud and many psychoanalysts. Examination of the nature and origins of the Oedipus complex presented by psychoanalysts and critics suggests, that as a hypothetical construct, there is little evidence to support its existence. sity students taking courses in psychology. Thus, it appears that an examination of the historical roots and current status of the Oedipus complex might aid psychotherapists as well as others who have been introduced to the concept. The primary focus of this article will be on the validity of the Oedipus complex and the reasonableness of believing that it is a viable hypothetical construct in the analysis of human psychopathology and, thus, that it should be placed at the core of clinical procedures. What Is the Oedipus Complex? The Oedipus complex has two forms, one for the male and one for the female. Freud's writings on both forms spans several decades. There is no single publication in which he fully described all aspects of the Oedipus complex for both males and females. A researcher must piece together the nature of both forms from his many writings on the topic. The essence of the Oedipus complex is a desire on the part of the child to have a sexual relationship with the opposite sex parent and feelings of hostility toward the same sex parent. These desire/feelings...
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...NORTH AMERICAN FICTION BRIEF INTRODUCTION: Before starting our study of American Fiction we must understand what American Literature is in itself and which pieces of writing we can include within this label. It is believed that when a piece is written in North America, more precisely in the USA, it would automatically be given this epithet. But it should be taken into account that this idea is quite broad and doesn’t reflect the real essence of the term. However, there is also another definition that gathers this essence: American Literature is the one that represents the Americanism, the singularity of the USA philosophy and culture. This way, instead of focusing on who the author is, it is focused on the content of the writing. In that which concerns Fiction, the following documents are the ones considered as narrative: Speeches Letters Short Stories Essays Political Documents Sermons Novels Diaries 1 FIRST LITERARY EXPRESSIONS The first documents in which the idea of Americanism is very present are the Sermons. They respond to the strict Protestantism settled in the New Continent after the arrival of the Pilgrim Fathers and Puritans in the Mayflower (1620) and the Arabella (1630). They established a theocratic community whose main and only point of reference was the Bible. That is why the idea of the ‘city upon a hill’ is still very present in American mentality. As we all know...
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...Psychoanalysis of Hamlet’s Subconscious Psychoanalytic http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamlet In the first half of the 20th century, when psychoanalysis was at the height of its influence, its concepts were applied to Hamlet, notably by Sigmund Freud, Ernest Jones, and Jacques Lacan, and these studies influenced theatrical productions. Freud suggested that an unconscious oedipal conflict caused Hamlet's hesitations. (Artist: Eugène Delacroix 1844). In his The Interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud's analysis starts from the premise that "the play is built up on Hamlet's hesitations over fulfilling the task of revenge that is assigned to him; but its text offers no reasons or motives for these hesitations".[83] After reviewing various literary theories, Freud concludes that Hamlet has an "Oedipal desire for his mother and the subsequent guilt [is] preventing him from murdering the man [Claudius] who has done what he unconsciously wanted to do".[84] Confronted with his repressed desires, Hamlet realises that "he himself is literally no better than the sinner whom he is to punish".[83] Freud suggests that Hamlet's apparent "distaste for sexuality"—articulated in his "nunnery" conversation with Ophelia—accords with this interpretation.[85][86] John Barrymore's long-running 1922 performance in New York was characterized as "revolutionary in its use of Freudian psychology; in keeping with the post World War I rebellion against everything...
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...ISSN 0378-5254 Journal of Family Ecology and Consumer Sciences, Vol 31, 2003 The importance of apparel product attributes for female buyers Ernest J North, Retha B de Vos and T Kotzé OPSOMMING Die doel van hierdie artikel is om die bevindinge van ‘n empiriese ondersoek te rapporteer wat uitgevoer is om vroulike verbruikers se aankoopbesluite vir ‘n kledingstuk te ontleed wat gebaseer is op die waarde wat hulle aan sekere eienskappe van die produk heg. Alhoewel menige studies in die verlede verbruikers se houdings jeens produkte en hul eienskappe gemeet het, is die moontlikheid van die effek van interaksie tussen die attribute oorgesien. In die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks het die literatuurstudie getoon dat daar ‘n behoefte is aan ‘n studie om te bepaal wat die waarde is wat vroulike verbruikers aan sekere produkeienskappe heg voordat aankoopbesluite gefinaliseer word. ‘n Vraelysopname is as primêre data-insamelingsmetode gebruik waartydens die respondente versoek is om aan te toon wat hul voorkeure is vir dertig gepaarde kombinasies van die produk en sy eienskappe. Hierdie studie het op vier eienskappe, naamlik handelsmerk, styl, kleinhandelaar en prys gefokus. Hipoteses is geformuleer en voorkeurkeuse-ontleding (“conjoint analysis”) is vir die ontleding van data gebruik. Die bevindinge toon aan dat daar beduidende verskille is in die waardes wat vroulike verbruikers heg aan die eienskappe van ‘n kledingstuk voordat aankoopbesluite geneem word. INTRODUCTION Although the apparel...
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...Buddhist monk Thich Nhat Hanh asserted, "When you are a truly happy Christian, you are also a Buddhist. And vice versa." In his controversial book, Jesus and Buddha: The Parallel Sayings, New Testament scholar Marcus J. Borg asserted that both religious founders espoused a "world-subverting wisdom that undermined and challenged conventional ways of seeing and being in their time and in every time." Borg claims that both were teachers of wisdom, not only regarding "moral behavior, but about the 'center,' the place from which moral perception and moral behavior flow." Both, according to Borg, "were teachers of the way less traveled. 'Way' or 'path' imagery is central to both bodies of teaching." In their article, "Are Jesus and Buddha Brothers?", by Carl E. Olson and Anthony E. Clark (This Rock, Volume 16, Number 5, May-June 2005), the authors note that Jesuit Father Robert E. Kennedy . . . holds Zen retreats at Morning Star Zendo in Jersey City. Further, "the St. Francis Chapel at Santa Clara University hosts the weekly practice of 'mindfulness and Zen meditation.' Indeed, the number of Buddhist retreats and workshops being held at Catholic monasteries and parishes is growing." The article also mentions additional books espousing this viewpoint: * Zen Spirit, Christian Spirit * The Place of Zen in Christian Life * Going Home: Jesus and Buddha As Brothers. On a spiritual level are Jesus and Buddha quite similar? In this article we will look at this question broadly...
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...Narrative A narrative is a sequence of events that a narrator tells in story form. A narrator is a storyteller of any kind, whether the authorial voice in a novel or a friend telling you about last night’s party. Point of View The point of view is the perspective that a narrative takes toward the events it describes. First-person narration: A narrative in which the narrator tells the story from his/her own point of view and refers to him/herself as “I.” The narrator may be an active participant in the story or just an observer. When the point of view represented is specifically the author’s, and not a fictional narrator’s, the story is autobiographical and may be nonfictional (see Common Literary Forms and Genres below). Third-person narration: The narrator remains outside the story and describes the characters in the story using proper names and the third-person pronouns “he,” “she,” “it,” and “they.” • Omniscient narration: The narrator knows all of the actions, feelings, and motivations of all of the characters. For example, the narrator of Leo Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina seems to know everything about all the characters and events in the story. • Limited omniscient narration: The narrator knows the actions, feelings, and motivations of only one or a handful of characters. For example, the narrator of Lewis Carroll’s Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland has full knowledge of only Alice. • Free indirect discourse: The narrator conveys a character’s inner thoughts...
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...Chapter 1—Changing Nature of Human Resource Management MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Human resource management is |a. |supervising, monitoring, controlling, and disciplining employees in order to achieve organizational goals. | |b. |the designing of organizational systems to ensure that human talent is used effectively to accomplish organizational | | |goals. | |c. |the use and coordination of human capital to ensure the profitability and survival of the organization. | |d. |the design of the organization and its systems in order to achieve the goals of the organization. | ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 4 OBJ: 1 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking LOC: HRM TOP: Definitional 2. HR metrics must be linked to |a. |statistical analyses. | |b. |industry outcomes. | |c. |business performance. | |d. |employee satisfaction. | ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 4 OBJ: 1 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking LOC: Creation...
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...Business Research Methods Project On Conjoint Analysis Identifying Key Product Attributes & Product Designing of Mobile Phones Abstract This paper intends to explore consumer preferences for Mobile phones attributes, to determine the optimal combination for consumers, and to provide manufacturers a reference for their marketing strategies. In this study, consumers were divided into several demographics (age, gender, occupation) and individual preferences for various mobile phone attributes were compared. Consumers showed significant demographical difference in their preferences over the combination of mobile phones attributes. The various combination of mobile phone attributes were grouped together. Subjects were asked to rank the 22 product profiles (Pair1 to Pair22) from the most to the least preferred. The variables Pref1 through Pref7 contain the IDs of the associated product profiles, that is, the card IDs. Subject 1, for example, liked pair13 most of all, so PREF1 has the value 13. Analysis of the data is a task that requires the use of command syntax—specifically, the CONJOINT command. The necessary command syntax has been provided in the file conjoint.sps. Literature Review N. Soutar et al. (2008), the study aims to examine its relevance in exploring the trade-offs followers make about leaders. The aim was to have an integrated understanding of leadership. The leaders were assessed on the eight leader attributes obtained from three focus groups...
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...Jose in Spanish and Latin. Unfortunately, after 5 months of teaching, he passed away. After Monroy’s death, Rizal’s parents decided to send him to a private school in Biñan. Life and Studies in Ateneo (1872-1877) In 1865, college began to function in the Philippines when the Jesuits returned. Jesuits were considered as the best educators in Spain, and perhaps in Europe. So they established an institution called the Ateneo de Municipal. The Instruction of Jesuitical system was considered advanced. Their methods were less mechanical and rigid in discipline. Jesuits introduced physical culture as well as art cultivation, such as music, drawing, and painting. Agriculture, commerce, and mechanics were part of their vocational courses. Being a religious institution, Ateneo’s principal purpose was to mold character. Rizal entered Ateneo de Municipal in 1872. He describe his first professor, Fr. Jose Bech as a “man of high stature; lean body, bent forward; quick gait; ascetic physiognomy, severe and inspired; small, sunken eyes; sharp Grecian nose; thin lips forming an arch with its sides directed toward the chin." During his second year in Ateneo he had the same professor as in the previous year; but instead of lodging outside the City, he resided at No. 6 Calle Magallanes. At the end of the term, he received excellenct grades in all his...
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