...Lippman – Public Opinion (excerpt from Media Control – Noam Chomsky) • Concept of Manufacturing Consent – Noam Chomsky o Excerpts form the book - Manufacturing Consent by Noam Chomsky • Case studies o WMD i.e. Weapons of Mass Destruction being used repeatedly by media • Situation in India o Media focusing on Scams repeatedly and not giving due importance to the other relevant news. • Conclusion Introduction The power of the news media to set a nation’s agenda, to focus public attention on a few key public issues, is an immense and well-documented influence. Not only do people acquire factual information about public affairs from the news media, readers and viewers also learn how much importance to attach to a topic on the basis of the emphasis placed on it in the news. Newspapers provide a host of cues about the salience of the topics in the daily news – lead story on page one, other front page display, large headlines, etc. Television news also offers numerous cues about salience – the opening story on the newscast, length of time devoted to the story, etc. These cues repeated day after day effectively communicate the importance of each topic. In other words, the news media can set the agenda for the public’s attention to that small group of issues around which public opinion forms. Origin and History Agenda setting describes a very powerful influence of the media – the ability to tell us what issues...
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...English and the Mass Media G.O.Almakhova Магистрант 1 курс Евразийский национальный университет им. Л.Н. Гумилева Астана, Казахстан Abstract Ағылшын тілі - халықаралық тіл. Ақпараттық ғасырда жетістікке жеткісі келетін адамдар үшін ағылшын тілін білу керемет артықшылық болып табылады. Және ағылшын тілін жетік меңгеруде бұқаралық ақпарат құралдарын қолдану жақсы нәтижеге жеткізеді. Бұл мақалада ағылшын тілін үйретуде бұқаралық ақпарат құралдарын қолданудың маңыздылығы мен артықшылықтары сөз етіледі. Английский язык является международным языком, знание которого предоставляет неотъемлемую возможность людям, которые хотят преуспеть в современном информационном веке. А использование средств массовой информации в обучении английскому языкому способствует достижению высокого уровня овладения языком. В данной статъе рассматриваютя важность и преимущества применение средств массовой информации в обучении английскому языку. English is an international language, the knowledge of which represents a great advantage for people who want to succeed in the New Media Age. And the use of mass media in learning English will definitely lead to mastering English. This present article focuses on the importance and benefits of teaching English through mass media. Key words: Mass media, teaching English, information, LSRW skills The mass media play an active part in every society around the world. This has had a big influence on people's lifestyles, ways of behaving and...
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...The portrayal of the mass media is seen to neutral and unbiased. Media is an agent of political socialization, which has created an impact on politics. Mass media has operated in a way that can affect politics in America. Today, significant factors contribute to the workers of mass media as their reports can face a high chance of influence to politician. Such influences include big corporations or the government, primarily to manipulate the mass audience for their own advantage. Mass media has a great influence on the public opinion as they can fluctuate what individuals should think, know and feel about politicians. The media supplies the general audience with information that voters can base their decisions on. From this, the media is able to manipulate the general public on extreme issues that interfere with the general publics’ rights, such as important issues regarding health or even political interferences. Although one may believe what they learn from the media may be a from an objective point of view, but in truth all information from the media has many external factors that can influence stories for a purpose. This paper will argue how the mass media has a direct influence on the general audience’s perspective and the opinions of the opinions of our political candidates. One area to notice is how certain issues in the media are given more attention in comparison where others are not. What is determined to be on the agenda of the media is a continuous competition from...
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...the effect of mass media on young girls. In today’s society, the media is frequently critiqued on the ways in which it represents women. The media often glamorizes women and displays unrealistic images of beauty that are practically unobtainable. Another problem with media in today’s society is that it is reaching girls at increasingly younger ages. The research articles discussed will specifically look at how media is effecting girls that fall into the youth and adolescent category, with girls as young as five years old. The first article to be discussed looks at peer and media influences on body image concerns in young girls...
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...Today, we are living in a world dominated by media. The mass media is increasingly occupying the central stage in our lives. The mass media has an iron grip on the imagination as well as thinking faculties of the society. The programmes and features served by the mass media which instruct people not only what they should eat, drink and wear and groom them but also at times misguide them to commit heinous crimes. Mass media acts as an effective catalyst of change in society. In a materialist world of today in which everybody is hankering after power and prosperity and indulging in every kind of malpractices, it is media which brings all these things to notice and make public opinion against them. It creates public awareness. The mass media serves the society by highlighting the prevalence of such’ ills as nepotism, cronyism and corruption in institutions and by carrying on relentless campaign against them. It has been instrumental in bringing an end to the oppressive regimes of cruel rulers. It has unearthed political scandals, kickbacks received by highly placed men. In India from Hawala to Nether case, role of mass media has been highly commendable In an age of commercialisation and consumerism, the media to some extent, has deviated from its path of avowed impartiality and clean journalism. They often indulge in petty means to gain material benefits, i.e. to boost their sales. At times, what most papers give their readers is simply sensation-creating stuff. They publish...
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...Agenda setting is a concept of news media that has great influence on the audience with a selection of what stories to consider newsworthy and how much prominence and space to give to them. Agenda Setting theory asserts mass media's ability to transfer interests in the agenda item on the agenda of public media. In Malaysia, what viewers assume is what the media made it a reality for their images. The main issue is how much of the gap between reality and the reality of the image itself. This theory is also born out of dissatisfaction with the mass media. This theory was first famous in the early 1970s - an assume that the media can influence public opinion, often the audience will be more important to know about the things presented by the media and will determine the importance of the item in the order importance. For example, the newspaper will publish the news in the best interest or what they feel desired by the reader. More involvement from politics and set the agenda in the media, over the gap between the image seen reality can be a process or a part of making the agenda-setting. Study theory and practice confirm that the media is very powerful tool to make and replace the priority agenda with public priorities. But there is an important question, which makes this a priority on the agenda for the media, which in turn imposes on audiences as the media agenda. Agenda setting is a theory of mass communication effects that could make an issue of the news agenda. For example...
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...the support of their environment. They are taught the gendered roles projected by someone who is female or male. As the child grows up, he develops his identity, to know how to interact with others and learn the role to play in the society. (Lorber, Judith. 2005.) There are many drivers involved in the socialization process, which transfers the traditional role to the children and henceforth leading to occupational segregation later on. One set of gender socialization occur between parents and offspring, parents are considered to be the primary agency in the process of socialization, they are inclined to interact with boys and girls in a discrete manner. One of the most influential driver of the socialization process is the mass media. In mainstream media, stereotyping is a standard way of characterizing people, leading women characters are often seen as overwhelmed by their responsibilities compared to their male counterparts. When females characters are in postion of absolute power, they frequently engage in deceitful, irresponsible behavior (Kendall, 2004). In the most recent, show Breaking Bad, the leading actress involves herself in an adulterous affair, even though her husband is a notorious druglord,...
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...make a definition of what mass media is. All the different tools that are used to assist the distribution and circulation of information and entertainment to the public come under the umbrella of mass media. Radio, television, cable, telephone, telegram, newspapers, magazines,theatre and movies are all considered as ‘mass media’. These tools involve exchange of opinions, and public involvement. Today the list of mass media also embraces pagers, satellites, electronic mail, internet, cell phones, and computers. These new additions, unlike the other tools of mass media that work as transmission technologies transmitting information from one source to many receivers, are basically interactive; working more on the person to person formula. As the name suggests ‘mass media’ revolves around the masses-the people. Although cinema, radio, television, and press take centre stage in mass media; the role of books, magazines, posters, billboards, pamphlets cannot be discounted. The reach of these tools extends to enormous varied masses of the populace living across the spread of the country. Here in this debate, as a team we focused on the importance of the most up-to date means of communication, the internet and ıts application such as facebook, twitter, my space and counless number of social networking sites. In short SNSs. It would be in place to call these new means of technological media MASS DISTRACTION or DESTRUCTION for students instead of Mass Media. We do not exlude the other...
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...Effects of Mass Media on Adolescents Kelsey Wyatt Western Governors University Abstract This Paper contents reviews of several studies conducted on the effects of mass media on children and adolescents. Most of the research suggests that over exposure and unsupervised use of mass media outlets can alter the psychological development of children, as well as create anxieties in adolescents. All of the researched reviewed examines the effects of all media other than book content. Research has shown that consuming too much mass media at a young age can alter the social and psychological structure of adolescents. Mass media can even desensitize youth to unhealthy behavior and effect their education. One of the more noticeable changes in the 21st century has been the growing media consumption, availability and influence. A major consequence of this growing influence is the negative effect it can have on a children’s well-being. Parents no longer have to worry about the influence of “bad” friends but the “virtual” bad influence readily at the fingertips of their children. According to the U.S. census over 80% of adolescents own at least one form of media technology (Comer 2008). The use of this technology is increasing every year with text messages and social networking being an easy access to both youths and adults. A survey was conducted in 2010 by the Kaiser Family Foundation on daily media usage. The survey found that children 8 to 18 logged an average of 6 hour media usage...
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...15 MASS MEDIA A) Types of mass media (advantages, disadvantages) B) Press media C) Radio, television A) Types of mass media (advantages, disadvantages) Mass media – an important role in the society, too powerful and influential Importance: source of information (easily available, complex, cheap) We learn about: world around us, inventions, new technologies, achievements B) Press media: newspapers, magazines and journals - Different sorts of articles: • on economics, politics, social life, sports • Editorials (personal opinion of the editor about something in the news) • Features (special reports about subject, place, person) Newspapers - published every day/ even at weekends - Serious papers : objective + serious news - Tabloids : entertaining stories, gossips about famous people/celebrities Magazines – published 1x a week/month - National and international news - various articles, stories - different according to: hobby/age/gender Journals – serious magazines written by experts C) Radio, television Radio - If we don’t like reading/ it’s expensive to buy a newspaper every day - We listen to the radio news read by a presenter - Music - Is very popular, variety of channels - Advantage: listen throughout the day, no matter what we’re doing - Variety of radio programmes to choose from: o news + weather forecast o chat /quiz/ breakfast/morning shows o educational programmes o phone- in programmes o documentaries Television - The most popular...
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...Table of Contents Chapter 1 Mass Media Literacy 2 Chapter 2 Media Technology 16 Chapter 3 Media Economics 33 Chapter 4 Ink on Paper 49 Chapter 5 Sound Media 64 Chapter 6 Motion Media 80 Chapter 7 New Media Landscape 96 Chapter 8 News 112 Chapter 9 Entertainment 128 Chapter 10 Public Relations 144 Chapter 11 Advertising 160 Chapter 12 Mass Audiences 176 Chapter 13 Mass Media Effects 192 Chapter 14 Mass Media and Governance 209 Chapter 15 Mass Media Globalization 225 Chapter 16 Media Law 241 Chapter 17 Ethics 258 Chapter 1 Mass Media Literacy 1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Media researchers at Ball State University found that people are intentionally involved in a media activity for __________ percent of their waking hours. A) 1 B) 10 C) 30 D) 60 Answer: C, Topic: Media Ubiquity Page Ref: 3 2) Traditionally, mass communication is defined as the technology-assisted transmission of messages to A) print journalists. B) interpersonal audiences. C) mass audiences. D) only niche audiences. Answer: C, Topic: Media Ubiquity Page Ref: 4-5 3) According to the research firm Nielsen, the medium that is used much more per day than other media is A) music. B) magazines. C) television. D) newspapers. Answer: C, Topic: Media Ubiquity Page Ref: 4 4) Mass media have become so integrated into people’s lives that __________ is common. A) mainstreaming B) media multitasking C) writing letters...
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...Introduction The media is the link between the public and politics. However, while media sources are viewed as purveyors of the day's news, they maintain considerable influence on politics. It is important to differentiate the concept of media influence from the concept of media bias. While some media sources will have an undoubted bias in the way they are reporting the news and the issues they select and prioritise, this does not necessarily equate with influence. Influence can be far less obvious or overt than bias, and can lead to changes in opinion in an indirect manner. While United States news outlets such as Fox News or the New York Post may have a more direct political bias, other outlets such as CNN or the New York Times – while appearing less openly biased – will also wield considerable influence. Similarly, in the United Kingdom, while The Daily Mail has an agenda which must be obvious to many who read it, less openly biased newspapers such as The Guardian will still have the potential to influence politics and politicians. In fact, media sources with a less overt bias will have potentially more influence than others, as they could be considered to be more reliable or trustworthy than biased tabloid entertainment news. This paper will assess the issue of media influence on politics, and evaluate the methods and forms this influence can take. Discussion Media Influence The role of the media in influencing politics has been long recognised. Comparative analysis of media sources...
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...decision-making during the course of an election campaign in 1940. After the analysis the authors suggested that the flow of mass communications may be less direct than was commonly supposed. Authors of The People Choice proposed the following Hypothesis: Influences deriving from the mass media first reach “opinion leaders” who, in turn, pass on what they read and hear to those of their everyday associates from whom they are influential. And that Hypothesis was called: “THE TWO-STEP FLOW OF COMMNICATION” Authors themselves intrigued by its implications for: • Democratic society: • They say it was better that people were more persuaded by the interaction with other people and that the influence of mass media was less automatic and less potent than had been assumed. • Social theory and communications research: • Hypothesis suggested that the image of modern urban society needed revision: image of the audience as a mass of disconnected individuals hooked up to the media but not to each other. IMPACTS OF THE HYPOTHESIS • The hypothesis in The People´s Choice, however, was not very well documented by empirical data: • The design of the study did not anticipate the importance which interpersonal relations would assume in the analysis of the data. • Interpersonal influence really attracted the attention of many researches of different kind, not just mass media researches: • Several studies in the following 17 years were conducted in Columbia University to examine the hypothesis...
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...15 MASS MEDIA A) Types of mass media (advantages, disadvantages) B) Press media C) Radio, television A) Types of mass media (advantages, disadvantages) Mass media – an important role in the society, too powerful and influential Importance: source of information (easily available, complex, cheap) We learn about: world around us, inventions, new technologies, achievements B) Press media: newspapers, magazines and journals - Different sorts of articles: • on economics, politics, social life, sports • Editorials (personal opinion of the editor about something in the news) • Features (special reports about subject, place, person) Newspapers - published every day/ even at weekends - Serious papers : objective + serious news - Tabloids : entertaining stories, gossips about famous people/celebrities Magazines – published 1x a week/month - National and international news - various articles, stories - different according to: hobby/age/gender Journals – serious magazines written by experts C) Radio, television Radio - If we don’t like reading/ it’s expensive to buy a newspaper every day - We listen to the radio news read by a presenter - Music - Is very popular, variety of channels - Advantage: listen throughout the day, no matter what we’re doing - Variety of radio programmes to choose from: o news + weather forecast o chat /quiz/ breakfast/morning shows o educational programmes o phone- in programmes o documentaries Television - The most popular source of information - Much time...
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...Exercise 2: The role of the media in the development of eating disorders Individuals over time have continually been exposed and manipulated to believe in the concept of having a ‘perfect’ or ideal body and appearance. The pressures to meet societies demands to achieving self-satisfaction with one’s body image and physical and emotional wellbeing have influenced the notion of eating disorders. As people are exposed to countless forms of media such as television, radio, magazines and the Internet on a daily basis, media being a mass form of communication has been labelled as the culprit of eating disorders. The role of media heavily contributes to the development of abnormal or disturbed eating habits within an individual, including anorexia, bulimia and even obesity. The role of media in the development of eating disorders can explored via analysing the social context, influence and aetiology of eating disorders. Through further evaluation of this matter the role of the media in the development of eating disorders can be thoroughly explored. Individuals are exposed to the media on a daily basis and many blame the mass media for being the source of eating disorders, however not all people develop eating disorders from the mass media, therefore it is to question what role the media actually plays in the heavily viewed topic of eating disorders (Spettigue & Henderson, 2004). To understand the role of media in the development of eating disorders, the social context, of this...
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