..."Do ut des" - a motto of pre christian Roman religion, meaning "I give so that you might give". (from the website Ten Ton Hammer proverbs and quotes.) The lasting Legacy of Rome is not Christianity despite the popular belief. Christianity would not be the Lasting Legacy of Rome because it would have spread without the Romans help. The lasting legacy of Rome is the architecture, city additions, the use of art, colosseum, technology, language, and Western democracy that the Romans invented. In the Modern world people use most of the things that the Romans invented every day. The lasting legacy of Rome would be architecture, because the arches and bridges would not be here today if the Romans had not invented them. The Romans invented the arch....
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...Our modern world is influence by ancient time The world that we are living in today was influenced mainly through ancient cultures. First of by the Greeks culture second of by the Roman cultures. Without the legacy of the Greeks and the Romans our modern world would have been different. Who would have thought that those legacies would have a big effect on today's modern world. Ancient Greece is the birth place of Western civilization. There are many ways in which western civilization is like the ancient Greek civilization. According to Greco roman Legacy reading "Our democracies and our dictatorships alike go back to Greek exemplars" Greeks were the first to think of the idea of democracy. The way citizens could...
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...Significance of Ancient Roman Civilization Tuesday, October 02, 2012 7:29 PM Argument for how the achievements of ancient Roman civilization impacted subsequent Western civilization Established one of the largest empires in the world. Enduring legacy that continues to influence Western civilization Achievements: Law and Administration Roads and bridges Institution of a bilingual culture Of greatest significance: Roman Law and Administration Based on principles of justice and reason Instituted a system of common laws to protect citizens Notable aspects that many modern day governments uphold today: The recognition that all men are to be treated equal under the law A person is to be considered guilty until proven innocent The ancient Roman civilization did more than establish one of the largest empires in the world; they also left an enduring legacy which continues to influence Western civilization. Achievements in the areas of law and administration, construction of roads and bridges, and the institution of a bilingual culture helped to form an cultural infrastructure that has prevailed through the ages. Of greatest significance, is the Romans contribution in the areas of law and administration Their laws were based on principles of justice and reason. They institutes a system of common laws that served to protect citizens. A couple of important aspects we continue to value today are the recognition that all people are to be treated equal under...
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...Greek and Roman made significant contributions to the Western heritage perhaps they were responsible formulation of the tradition of government. Greece had the first democracy, but Rome had the first republic. All citizens could participate in the government in Greece. Rome arose from the Greek democratic government and established a sharing of the administration with checks and balances. Both Greeks and Romans believed in justice and the equality of people to a certain extent. The Greeks allowed all citizens, rich and poor, to participate in government. The Romans emphasis on the idealization of each individual is reflected in the art and architecture of these civilizations, beginning with Classical Athens. From 1900- 133 BC, Greece’s impact on the Western world is still in effect today. As the Greeks extended their empire, they spread their ideas to other countries, while also scrounging from other cultures. In Greek art, the focus is on an anatomically correct representation of the individual, either in an idealized fashion as during the Classical period, or a more emotionally truthful representation, as during the Hellenistic Period of Greek art. Roman art stole many of Greece's art and architecture, but Rome also added a customized deal to the architecture of the ancient world with its more evolved technical advancement, as evidenced in the Coliseum and its triumphal arches, they were dedicated to celebrating the glory of the state and the very human-like gods or goddesses...
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...literal sense and historical origin. The Roman Empire was the center of all civilization during the height of its reign. Conquering the regions around them as early as 300 BC, the Roman Empire spread from modern day Germany in the east to modern day Spain west of them. Spain, known then as the Iberian Peninsula or Hispania, was vulnerable to the relentless armies of the empire because its geography hindered it from protecting itself on its three exposed coasts. Despite this fact, it would take the empire almost two centuries to conquer the entirety of the Iberian Peninsula. Once it was conquered, however, the culture of Hispania would be greatly affected by the influence of the Romans for the next 600 years. Much of the customs, religious practices, and laws still practiced in Spain are a result of this influence. Famous for their ability to establish an efficient infrastructure, the Romans created roads and bridges during and after the conquering of Hispania. This infrastructure was essential in uniting the peninsula that had since been divided by geographical obstacles. It was also crucial in that it allowed trade to flourish both within Hispania and between other geographic areas within the entire empire. This not only allowed the peninsula to become an economic force, but also furthered the mixing of all the cultures that existed under the vast Roman Empire. Today, modern roadways in Spain often run parallel to the ancient Roman roads and the layout of historical cities...
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...determines your destiny.” The Romans inherited a cornucopia of knowledge from the Greeks and Hellenistic cultures in the Mediterranean, such as architecture, strategies of war, politics and the humanities to name a few. However what the Romans had that the Greeks didn’t was extreme self-discipline and organizational skills and when they opened their minds and allowed themselves to be less dogmatic, more artistic and more inclusive they were able to conquer the world. Since we have limited space in which to make our point, we will use religion, philosophy, politics and art in which to illustrate the magnitude of the influence of the Greeks and the Hellenistic cultures on the Romans. The Hellenistic times were a period of questioning our purpose in this world, why things happen, and what transpires after death. Consequently philosophers from many perspectives became popular and presented people with answers and a multitude of options that were being derived from all the Hellenistic societies surrounding the Romans. The political systems inherited from the Greeks became the inspiration for the Roman Empire’s republic and has become the cornerstone of democracies around the world today. Greek and Hellenistic art became the largest influence on every single aspect of Roman life, including their weapons, fashion and home decor. Professor Weber clearly gives the impression that the Romans “conspicuous consumption” was not a positive after effect of the Roman conquests because it changed...
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...Belgium, Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, and Spain. After European powers possessed control over the continent, they began to transform African society and its politics. The reason I have for choosing this topic is that a thorough understanding of colonialism in Africa is key to comprehend the obstacles that the continent of Africa and it’s leaders have to face to lead their countries into prosperity (Schraeder). Peter J. Schraeder, author of the book African Politics and Society: A Mosaic in Transformation, credits the spread of the Roman Empire as the precursor to European colonialism. The Roman Empire’s spread to Africa started in 146 B.C. when the city of Carthage, (present day Tunisia), was conquered by the Romans. Over one hundred years later Julius Caesar, Emperor of Rome, brought new development to Africa by establishing Carthage as the center of Roman power in Africa. Schraeder states that it was Africa Proconsularis, a Roman province in Africa that acted as the main producers of crops, including wheat and olive oil. Although after the...
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...Rome was an empire of influence, culture, and prosperity. In its span of 500 years, Rome created works of art and literature that still continue to influence our society today. Rome was an incredibly powerful civilization and conquered many lands and other weaker civilizations. Through this, they managed to create an incredibly large and diverse empire. However, this prosperity wouldn’t last forever. In fact, after their reign of 500 years was over, the Western half of Rome fell. The Eastern half, on the other hand, managed to stay prosperous for roughly 1,000 years. Not only did the Byzantine Empire, survive past the decline of its Western half, it managed to thrive and produced many valuable works that are just as inspiring as those produced...
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... Adam Smith VOC Ptolemaic universe Newton John Locke capitalism joint-stock companies putting-out system Copernican universe deism Discussion Questions Examine the centralizing efforts in countries like France, Spain, and England. How and in what ways were they successful? Why was the Holy Roman Empire not as successful as other European states in centralizing power? Examine the idea behind the balance of power. How did this concept play itself out in Europe? How was this balance of power different from the political patterns in the rest of the world? Examine the career of Martin Luther. What were the foundations of his Reformation? What legacy did he leave Europe? Why did earlier reformers not have the same impact? Examine the rise of capitalist thought and practice. What factors led to this rise? Examine the leading thinkers of the scientific revolution. Why were the early discoveries of the scientific revolution met with such resistance? In what ways did these discoveries destroy an old worldview and create a new one? How did their ideas influence the Enlightenment? What were the foundations of the Enlightenment? Could there be a...
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...Western Civilization Midterm Exam The basis for the development of western civilization stems over hundreds of years and involved many different cultures and regions. As civilization evolved different cultures naturally had an impact on one another. The Hebrews, Greeks and Romans did just this, influence one another and these influences carried on to life, as it is known today. From 1500-900 B.C. the Hebrews proved to be a pliable society who endured very hard times coming out with their culture relatively unbroken. The Hebrews were known for their cultural and spiritual laws, rules and morals. The ancient world was a harsh place to thrive and within the harshness they introduced morality and justice. Their belief in one god and their god is something that has extended over hundreds of years and continues into today’s culture. The nucleus of the Hebrew legal belief is found in the Ten Commandments, which is found in the bible. The Bible has had the greatest single influence on religion, ethics, and literature of the West. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all rooted in the scriptures of the Hebrews. Christianity evolved out of Judaism. Jesus and his early followers were Jews, and probably considered themselves Jewish reformers rather than founders of a new religion. The Christian Bible incorporated the Jewish Bible, so the bulk of Christianity's most sacred writings are Jewish as well. Muslims also regard the Jewish and Christian scriptures as important, and many passages...
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...Spell Check-list Unlike the Greek city-states, the Roman republic embarked almost immediately on imperial expansion. Utilizing its citizen armies, the republic gained control of the entire Italian peninsula. Conquered regions were incorporated into the republic or allowed to remain as independent allies. Rome's greatest rival in the western part of the Mediterranean was the former Phoenician colony of Carthage in northern Africa. Between 264 B.C.E. and 146 B.C.E., Rome defeated Carthage in the three Punic Wars. Rome's victory created an empire that extended from Italy to the Iberian peninsula and into northern Africa. The collapse of the Hellenistic successor states of Alexander's empire drew the Romans into the eastern Mediterranean. Greece, Macedonia, the Asian littoral, and Egypt were drawn into Rome's orbit. Rome and its Empire, (1995), Pearson Education, Pearson Longman, Retrieved from; http://wps.ablongman.com/long_stearns_wc_4/17/4390/1123999.cw/index.html The Regal Period. According to tradition, the first King laid the political foundations for the city, by creating the senate, and by dividing the people into curiae. He also extended Roman power by successful wars. Numa Pompilius is the antithesis, in many ways, of Romulus. He organized priesthoods, established religious rites, and sought to develop the religious life of the people. It was the main purpose of Tullus Hostilius, as it had been that of Romulus, to extend the material power of Rome. Ancus Marcius...
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...THE RISE OF THE PAPACY Presented to Professor G. Johnson For CHHI 301-D06 LUO By Dana Peebles August 2, 2015 Introduction During the 6th century, the rise of the Roman Catholic Church increased in power. With the leadership of the papacy, this endured up until the 9th century. While there were both positive and negative ramifications of this reality, the biggest is the influence of papal authority and the effect that it had over Christianity. The collapse of the Roman Empire brought order to not only orthodoxy, but also the government. Throughout this essay, it is my desire to touch on these areas. In addition, I will also discuss some of the contributing factors to the dominion of Western Europe and what happened up until the Reformation. The effect of the barbarian invasion and the continuation of Western Civilization during the Middle Ages, is truly a time within history that impacts the church and its association with supremacy. The How And Why Of The Papacy And The Power It Had In understanding the significance of the papacy and the power it had, it only makes sense to begin with a good solid definition of it. “The term pappa, from which the word “pope” is derived, originated in ancient colloquial Greek as an endearing term for “father,’ and was then applied, beginning in the third century, to Eastern patriarchs, bishops, abbots, and eventually parish priests.” [1]. Throughout Rome and the Western part of the Empire, this term “became...
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...We have previously discussed syncretism and its definition and meaning. However, what legacies have the differences in types of encounters and degrees of cultural change left today? If we consider syncretism within the arenas of philosophy and religion, we can see that the melding of earlier cultures has had a lasting effect, even today. As cultures recombine with one another, they often create a new blend of teaching and belief systems from the two different cultures. However, some western religious syncretism occurred in China during the mid-late 1800s, its hybrid form not only refashioned a new belief system but also coauthored a massive rebellion known as the Taiping rebellion. While Hung Hsiu-ch'üan and his cousin baptized themselves in a well and Hung Hsiu-ch'üan called himself the other son of God, they called upon (Hooker, 1996) gender equality and sobriety, absolutism in the government and hierarchy established and even in worship during the Opium wars and rebelled not only against the foreigners and the despots then arising in opposition to foreign extraterritoriality but also to the Manchu rulers they blamed for the burgeoning group of people in the poorest class. More importantly, perhaps, this syncretism combined with the numerous cultural forces and western religions in the land, became militarized and regrettably eventually took between 30-50 million lives (Hooker, 1996). Syncretism is a fascinating amalgam of different cultures that exist at various times. We...
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...Category | Greeks | Romans | Government | In ancient times, Greece was an independent, self governing city-state. Greece also invented democracy. The Greek government was divided into monarchies, oligarchies, tyrannies and democracies and in the Mycenean period (between 2000 and 1200 BC) all Greek city-states were ruled by kings (Carr, 2011) | In the earlier days Rome was governed by kings, but ancient Rome was schooled to form their own government and rule themselves ((Hons), 2011) | Geography Terrain | The Greeks had a mountainous terrain and rugged coastline; offering great protection from foreign invasions but hindering them from communication and trade (Buzzle.com, 2000-2010, 2011). The geography of ancient Greece was divided into 3 regions; the coast, the lowlands, and the mountains allowing for less than 20 percent of the land to be farmed (Rymer, 2010) | Rome was inland and also had hills and mountains running through it but they were not nearly as rugged to navigate through as the hills and mountains of Greece. Also the rivers that ran through the peninsula were shallow and easy to cross (Ashe, unknown). | Economy | Because of the mountainous and hilly land Greece placed much emphasis on importing goods (Walter Scheidel, 2007). | Ancient Roman currency and economy was an agrarian and slave based economy. Agriculture and the barter system controlled Roman economies (United Nations of Roma Victrix, 2011) | Trade Practices | Surrounded by water the seas always...
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...Abstract In this final project of Topics in Cultural studies; I hope to expound on the creation of an artifact that is in its very infancy as artifacts are dated. This is one of Dr. Martin Luther King Father, Husband, Minster, Civil Rights Leader and overall Good Man and the Roman type of granite monument that had been built in his honor in Washington D.C this nation Capital. I will talk about The Monument where it’s located and what it looks like, “The Cultural Background” by which all things started from the gathering of slaves and the effects on a descendant of Africa after European influences more than 400, to their freedom from slavery, to the civil rights movement of which Dr. King emerges. From here I will move to “The Man” Dr. Martian Luther King? Here we have “The Legacy” who was this civil rights leader and what did he do to advance this new metamorphoses in culture after the assimilation of Western cultures within the United States of people of African lineage. The Monument My modern cultural artifact is the Dr. Martin Luther King Memorial located on the National Mall near the Tidal Basin and the Roosevelt memorial. It has an iconic address of 1964 Independence Ave, SW Washington, DC 20024. The street number represents the Civil Rights Act of 1964 of which Dr. King played a large role in the legislation being passed and put into place. Here stands a 3 piece artifact of Dr. King, this statue is 30-foot tall and is carved from a piece of granite that symbolizes...
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