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The Negative Side of Marijuana

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The Negative Side of Marijuana The legalization of marijuana has been a large topic for debate in America for the last several years. With Colorado and now Washington passing laws decriminalizing marijuana use, should the rest of America follow in their steps? Despite what proponents of legalization believe, marijuana has clear negative effects on user's lives. Marijuana is addictive, unhealthy, and a catalyst for violence. "Drugs like marijuana and cocaine are not dangerous because they are illegal; they are illegal because they are dangerous."(Joseph Califano). Legalizing marijuana would have more negative effects than positive for everyone in America. One of the main arguments for why we should legalize marijuana is how it isn't physically addictive, and therefore not dangerous to the daily lives of adult users. However just because marijuana is not physically addictive do not mean people can't become mentally addicted and exhibit withdrawal symptoms similar to those of physical addictions. Research suggests that about nine percent of users become addicted to marijuana. "Long-term marijuana users trying to quit report withdrawal symptoms including irritability, sleeplessness, decreased appetite, anxiety, and drug craving, all of which can make it difficult to abstain."(National Institute on Drug Abuse). Another misconception about marijuana is that it doesn't negatively impact the users life, so who cares if you become addicted right? Well research has shown that heavy marijuana users report lower life satisfaction, a decrease in mental and physical health, an increase in relationship problems, and less academic and career success. This wouldn't be nearly as bad if the general public didn't believe marijuana is harmless, rather than informed people making educated decisions we have young adults becoming addicted to a substance they thought to be harmless. If you were thinking this sounds similar to how cigarettes were treated in the 1950's, you'd be correct. In fact the similarities between marijuana and cigarettes might surprise you. "when equal amounts of marijuana and tobacco are smoked, marijuana deposits four times as much tar into the lungs."(American Lung Association) There are 33 cancer-causing chemicals contained in marijuana and is also an irritant to the lungs. This causes an increase in respiratory problems and illness. The physical side effects to marijuana doesn't stop with the lungs either, you are at a much higher risk of heart failure up to three hours after smoking marijuana. The heart rate of a user shortly after using is raised 20-100 percent putting the user at risk for a heart attack. Marijuana doesn't only negatively affect the body however, it also has negative effects on the brain. It impairs short-term memory, motor coordination, reaction time, mood, judgment, and decision- making. When smoked, marijuana releases a chemical called delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC for short. THC targets certain brain cells called cannabinoid receptors, which are normally activated by chemicals that occur naturally in the body. The part of the brain with the most of these cannabinoid receptors are the parts that influence pleasure, memory, thinking, concentration, sensory and time perception, and coordinated movement. Marijuana over activates these sections of the brain, negatively impacting the user's ability to use these parts of their brain effectively. These negative effects on the brain are even more harmful to children due to their brains still maturing. "Marijuana use is particularly harmful to youth since the part of the brain that craves pleasure matures earlier than the area that controls out ability to understand risks and consequences."(National Institute on Drug Abuse). Despite currently being illegal in most states, a national study reported that in 2012, 37% of 8th graders,69% of 10th graders, and 82% of 12th graders reported marijuana being easy to obtain. Similar studies have shown an increase in availability causes perception of harm to decrease. A major reason to have marijuana remain illegal. Now, marijuana is not only similar to cigarettes, there are also parallels to the mental effects of alcohol. Like alcohol, marijuana is dangerous to pregnant women. Women who use marijuana during pregnancy put their baby at an increased risk of having neurobehavioral problems. Because marijuana use effects the cannabinoid receptors of the mothers brain, it could also affect the babies brain while it's still developing. Another similarity between marijuana and alcohol is how it impairs driving ability. Marijuana impairs the judgment and motor coordination of users contributing to injury or death while driving. "A recent analysis of data from several studies found that marijuana use more than doubles a driver's risk of being in an accident."(National Institute on Drug Abuse). With marijuana being as bad as cigarettes for your body and as bad in not worse than alcohol for your brain, it's no wonder we outlawed it's use. Legalizing marijuana wouldn't only negatively impact the health of everyday citizens, it would hurt the budgets of local police stations everywhere. "the decriminalization of pot also stands to remove a funding source for police: property forfeitures from drug dealers."(NPR). marijuana forfeitures accounted for $1 billion in funding for police from 2002-2012. Proponents for legalizing marijuana believe that once legalized, crime around the drug will drastically decrease, so police won't need as much money anyway. However the DEA reports six times as many homicides are committed by people under the influence of drugs than those searching for money to buy drugs. legalizing drugs "cannot change human nature. It cannot improve the social conditions that compel people to engage in crime, nor can it stop people from using drugs as an excuse to be violent."(Susan Neiberg Terkel). We have a hard enough time trying to limit the consumption of cigarettes and alcohol despite the public being informed of their dangers. Legalizing marijuana will only increase its use, hurting Americans everywhere due to ignorance about the dangers of marijuana. People need to know how marijuana is addictive, dangerous to you physical and mental health, as well as a catalyst for violence. If people were aware of the affects they might not be so quick to legalize it.

Works Cited

Chandler, Jamie, and Skylar Young. "Legalizing Marijuana Won't End the War on Drugs." US News. U.S.News & World Report, 14 Mar. 2014. Web. 18 Apr. 2014. <http://www.usnews.com/opinion/blogs/jamie-chandler/2014/03/14/legalizing-marijuana-wont-end-the-war-on-drugs>.

Chappell, Bill. "Side Effect Of Legal Pot: Police Budgets Take A Hit." NPR. NPR, 13 Jan. 2014. Web. 17 Apr. 2014. <http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/01/10/261476346/side-effect-of-legal-pot-police-budgets-take-a-hit>.

"DrugFacts: Marijuana." National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). N.p., Jan. 2014. Web. 15 Apr. 2014. <http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/marijuana>.

Hartnett, Edmund. "Police Chief Magazine." Police Chief Magazine. N.p., Mar. 2005. Web. 18 Apr. 2014. <http://www.policechiefmagazine.org/magazine/index.cfm?fuseaction=display_arch&article_id=533&issue_id=32005>.

"Marijuana." American Lung Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2014. <http://www.lung.org/associations/states/colorado/tobacco/marijuana.html>.

Stimson, Charles C. "Legalizing Marijuana: Why Citizens Should Just Say No." The Heritage Foundation. N.p., 13 Sept. 2010. Web. 18 Apr. 2014. <http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2010/09/legalizing-marijuana-why-citizens-should-just-say-no>.

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