...The Origin of Native American Man: A Look at Possible Migrations of Pre-Historic Man Into North America Ally Crawford ARC 330 Dr. Ortmann Spring 2011 Abstract The origins of Native American people have been a topic of debate in academia for decades. There have been several theories, up to and including the possibility that Native Americans arrived via alien intervention. The origins of Native Americans are much less fantastic. Native Americans are descended from ancient Eastern Asians, who crossed into the New World sometime before 14,000 BC. Until recently, archaeology could only speculate on this notion. Recent research in the field of molecular biology is proving this theory has merit. Mitochondrial DNA is showing the same markers in Native American populations as in the Asian populations. Other avenues of research have also lead to the discovery that there are similarities in the X and Y-Chromosomes of the two populations. There are many archaeological and anthropological mysteries surrounding the Americas. Perhaps one of the most perplexing and pervasive is the origin of the Native American peoples. There has been little archaeological data found that can substantiate a human or proto-human presence in the Americas before approximately 14,000 BC. If this is the case, the question becomes from where did the Native American population derive? There have been many hypotheses, ranging from the mundane to the bizarre. A popular conspiracy theory states...
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...M Baptiste MWF 2-3p Native American Music: A Root of Contemporary Music Yet Explored What is Native American Music? As our class brainstormed ideas for research, I already knew what topic I wanted to explore. Having been a musician, closely involved with music my entire life, I directed my focus toward Native American music. Before I began to develop any sort of directed, narrowed research questions, I asked myself first, “What is Native American music?” Regarding various definitions of the so-called “genre,” I discovered that Native American music shouldn’t be typified into any genre or defined style of music. It was the perspective toward music that was unique to Native peoples, and this perspective is key in understanding the Native American influence on later creations of music. Definition and Philosophy Native peoples tend to view their music in a distinctly different way from Euro-Americans. To Natives, music is thought; music appeared to be particularly inclusive into Native Americans’ way of life, and is unique in its origin, meaning, and efficacy. To ask “what is Native American music?” would be a question foreign to Native Americans, especially during the time that Native American music was first discovered. One aspect of music specific to indigenous peoples is its place in daily life. In fact, “its place in human affairs are much more significant to Indians than its mode of construction or technical character.” (Native American Music, 1980, p. 12) Unlike...
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...can been attested to the fact that America is an Immigration Country. The country constitutes people from different parts of the world. The process of people moving into the new world that is the Americas where the United State lies began centuries ago and has been an ongoing process to the current day. This paper examines the origins of their Native Americans. This paper also explores their journey into the Americas as the first Immigrants. Their settlement patterns and ways of life will also be examined. The paper also explores how the Native Americans in the Americas fared during the European conquest of the region that is currently identified as the America. Euro-Indian relations, conflicts and their aftermath is also a focus point of the paper, which culminates into the current state of affairs of the Native American community in the Americas. Origins of the Native Americans There are diverse sources of information on the origins and history of the Native Americans. They include oral history passed down through generations. This oral history is as diverse as the Indian Nations. Different tribes have different folklore to explain their origins. For instance, the Haida who reside in British Columbia say that man was shaken out of a clam shell by a raven. The Navajo of Arizona say they sprung out of the ground after which there was a time of great wandering and searching for a home. Almost all Indian nations have...
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...life. Two stories that we discussed in class, “The Earth on Turtle’s Back” and “When Grizzlies Walked Upright” show how the Native Americans passed down their stories and were able to spread their culture to others. Reading stories from the Native American culture helps us learn more about others, teaches us to respect cultures that are different from our own, and reflects on the beliefs of people from that time period. Through the use of origin myths and oral tradition, the Native people of North America were able to keep their culture alive even to today. In the first story, “Earth on Turtle’s Back”, the beliefs...
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...Demographics of urban Native Americans Urban Native Americans are the fastest-growing segment of native populations. Due to the lack of economic stability Native Americans are moving away from their traditional reservations in search of employment. Native Americans are faced with many new and unforeseen cultural aspects that they are not accustomed to. Urban Native Americans had to overcome these challenges for the benefits of their families. The US federal government had a doctrine to try to simulate Native Americans into mainstream society. The US federal government tried different approaches such as establishing Bureau of Indian affairs schools, so that they could instill Western-style education that would replace traditional teachings of their cultures. This movement was called “killed Indian save the man”. The next avenue of approach the federal government news was the relocation program that ran from 1948 through 1979. This program was this designed to relocate and train Native Americans in jobs that were located in major metropolitan cities. Federal government thoughts where to give Native Americans new life’s often it lead to Native Americans losing touch with their Native American identities. These cities were Denver, New York, Los Angeles and other major metropolitan areas. Present-day these cities have large urban Native American populations. Their transition to city life was often difficult due to a lack of necessary support (i.e. finding housing, accessing job training...
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...Native American Oppression Santucee Bell Case Western Reserve University Native American Oppression Introduction & Focal Population Imagine living in a world that consistently devalues your existence and is heavily populated with individuals who are quick to use and abuse your resources, but are slow to share the wealth that is accumulated from those resources. How would you feel? Unfortunately, certain populations do not have to visualize the disparity that is pictured above. This is because inequity is one of the most demoralizing social issues that plague America today. The worst thing about inequity is the fact that it continues to disproportionately burden individuals who are categorize as being minority in today’s society. This is especially true for the American Indian/Alaska Native population. This population continues to be one of the most vulnerable minority groups. According to the U.S. Census Bureau’s Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: 2010 (2011), “American Indian or Alaska Native refer to a person having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America (including Central American) and who maintains tribal affiliation or community attachment” (Humes, Jones, & Ramirez, 2011, p. 3). 2,475,956 out of 308, 745,538 people that live in America are believed to be American Indian/Alaska Native, including those who report affiliations with tribes and South and Central American Indian groups (Humes et. al,, 2011, p. 4). This number is...
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...2014 The Arrival of Christianity The arrival of Christianity started in 1492 with the landing of Columbus in the Americans. Only a few moths before Columbus’s landing, the Spanish had expelled the Moors from Granada and concluded eight centuries of liberation. This was a new beginning for the Spanish to gain power, wealth and the implementation of Christianity in the new world. The Indians lived a passive life of agriculture, their own fate of dualisms; day and night, good and evil, sun and moon. This was rapidly destroyed with the superiority of Spanish power, and the impulse to form a new form of religion that will work at their own benefit and convert the Native to slaves. Catholicism was the main type of religion Christianity implemented in the Americans. The catholic kings agree with the idea of evangelize the native peoples. Their goal was to extension the Kingdom of God. Many of the priests started to learn the native language in order to teach the true catholic religion. The were two different types for carrying evangelization; the encomienda in which a priest was assigned to a large number of natives for pastoral care and the other type was when the itinerant priest went village to village for preaching, baptizing, and defending the Indians against abuse. The Christianity in the new World brought a lot of difficulties and contradictions to the Natives, some believed that if they turn the slaves into Christians, they were going to be a better productivity to the land...
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...between Arab, Middle-Eastern and Muslim people. The author talks about the region in which a person is from, as well as language and religion is what determines which group one would identify with. The history and cultures of Arabic people are provided in this article. Cacho, L. M. (2001). Asian Americans. University of Hawaii Press The article discusses the relationships between Asian Americans and their families. The author explains how they have to deal with certain stereotypes in order to succeed in a place where they are Americans, but still considered to be foreigners. The article is a good resource for understanding how Asian Americans feel in a country where so many barriers are placed upon them. Caroll, S.R. (1994, December). Why poor black children succeed or fail. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved from http://www.chicagotribune.com/africanamericancultue The conceptual article begins with the broad discussion about African American culture. It projects today’s youth and the inconsistency of what Americans idolize as equality in school systems. It discusses the present’s findings of family and individual studies that factor in the high and low achieving African-American students. It schemes the risk factors that are associated with the group of disadvantage kids and why it is important to identify them earlier on. These factors are to include those who are born with low birth rate, the home environment and low socioeconomic statue. The author describes how the aspects...
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...An origin myth is a myth that explains how something began and often times they shape the societies they arise from in many ways. Some origin myths explain the beginning of the world while others explain the origin of their own tribe or community. In most Native American tribes origin myths provided what was expected of its members and set examples of how they should act toward others. The two origin myths that I chose to compare were those of the Inuit Tribe and the Seminole Indian Tribe. Both tribes are made up of Native Americans and their myths explain the origin of the earth and its inhabitants. The origin myth of the Inuit tribe starts with the first man living in a peapod. On the fifth day the man pushed his feet and broke free from the pod and met a strange bird. The bird turned out to be a raven and began to speak to the man. They became familiar with each other and the raven told the man to wait and not move and then the raven left and came back four days later with fruit and berries. The man was pleased at this and decided to follow the bird, next the raven lead him to clay where he constructed animals like mountain sheep. Next the raven created fierce animals and created a woman so man wouldn't become lonely...
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...modern society perceives itself and other societies is directly correlated with its historical past. The way government, politics, and culture reacts to prejudice, war, and controversy, all ties to past events that molded into a sense of nationalism and tolerance of other societies. As history changes overtime our views of ourselves and others also change, creating our societies “narratives of origin” (Moscovici, 1988). A fundamental representation of our nation’s origin and aspirations are influenced by the changing circumstances, which guides modern society’s response to new challenges. Change in civilizations is sparked from societal wrongs that cause a civil up-roar. Court cases provide the best historical evidence of how the past can redefine present culture. Since the civil war, African Americans role within the nation has changed drastically from a slave to the President of the United States. Monumental cases like Dred Scott v. Sanford, Plessy v. Ferguson, Brown v. Board of Education, along with mass protests across the United States; all influenced the civil rights of African Americans. Another case that shaped our civilization was from the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire. Due to negligence of the factory owners, Max Blanck and Isaac Harris, one hundred and forty-five people died in a factory fire because of inaccessibility to fire escapes. This devastation sparked outrage among civilians, and the government of the United States was forced to respond. In October, 1911...
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...Activity 1: Cajun and Metis Music and Culture Hundreds of years ago, Native Americans inhabited the regions of North America. After many years, European explorers discovered the lands and began to colonize there. There were many interactions between the Natives and the Europeans. The Metis are a mixed-race group of people that resulted from the mating between European settlers and Native Americans. The Metis were often looked down upon since they did not belong in any specific category, and were also discriminated against. Additionally, the Cajun people are an ethnic group in Louisiana that has originated from a group known as the Acadians. They have French origins. Both the Metis and Cajuns have their own style of music that is representative of their culture and origins. Their music contains fiddles and harmonicas that play quick and diverse beats. The music often adds more notes and beats, while maintaining the European feel, showing the intersection of cultures. The music sounds like a variation or a blend rather that just a single category. Also, there are many similarities between the Metis and Cajun music. In my opinion, I thought the instrumentation was very similar. In both forms of music, I heard a lot of fiddle playing also accordion. I also thought the styles were very similar. They both had a sort of folk feel to them. After listening to the Metis music, I heard the same sort of upbeat fiddle playing in the Cajun waltzes, with lots of complex rhythms and many...
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...Bunky Echo Hawk a Native American Artist who uses modern events, objects, and technology throughout his paintings, photos, poems, and other forms of art to show the destruction of Native American culture caused by the “White Man”. Bunkys paintings often depicts Native Americans wearing judicial robes, gas mask, or traditional native clothing with altered symbols on their clothing to symbolize the spread of radiation, unfair treatment upon Natives, and the destruction of Native American Culture. Bunky Echo Hawk is a graduate of the Institute of Native American Arts he is known for being an artist, graphic designer, photographer, writer, and for being a non-profiting artist. What inspires the artist to prosper is his desire to spread the truth. Throughout multiple paintings that Bunky has created Native Americans are shown doing the same task that their oppressor is capable of. For example, Bunky painted a Native American Rosie the Riveter holding a judicial gabble to symbolize that the time for equality is now, and that it is up to fellow Natives to help end the oppression caused upon the white man. The slogan “We can do it” is the same from the original poster which would persuade women to enroll to help with the United States...
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...During the 14th through the 16th centuries, European explorers expanded their empire by finding new land they called the New World. Europeans wanted to find gold amongst other things in order to gain wealth. The Native Americans living in the New World were treated like slaves by the Europeans. This eventually led to the decline of Native American culture. Europeans explored the new world because they were in search of gold in order to gain wealth. “…made gold their ultimate aim, seeking to load themselves with riches in the shortest time.” (Document #1) Also, Europeans explored to find a northwest passage to use as a shorter route to Asia. When the land route from Asia to Europe was cut off by the Turkish Empire….Several European rulers...
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...Throughout American history, Native Americans have become one of America’s most alienated minority groups. The American Indian’s population went through many different struggles, challenges, and progressive strides conveyed presently in time. The American film industry, focusing mainly on Hollywood, has long been misrepresenting Native Americans since the establishment of film. Just as American colonists ounce wrongfully forced Native Americans off their native lands, filmmakers deliberately neglect Native Americans to minor characters roles, that tend to showcase stereotypical, and inaccurate behaviors. Native American characteristics in Hollywood films have contained a range of different stereotypes including the common bloodthirsty, unintelligent, and noble savage ideas that have been prematurely developed. Pocahontas, created in 1995, was a motion picture portraying...
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... |of this group may practice? |this group’s people, lifestyle, or | | | | | |society? | | |Native Americans, as the name suggests, they |1500- 10 million |Dance plays a very important role in |Their patience and spirituality are to| | |were the first people who lived in North |1800- 600,000 |Native American tribes. American Indians |be admired. One of the traits shared | | |America, Alaska, and Hawaii. After the |1900- 250,000 |dance for different occasions and |by many tribes is their society being | | |Europeans settled in the U.S., Native |2010- 3 million +/- |ceremonies. Many tribes in many regions |dominated by clans. Native Americans | | |American tribes were driven from their land | |celebrate the harvest. Dance was also used|are also very patient and spiritual....
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