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The Practical Application of the Age of Criminal Responsibilities

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The Practical Application of the Age of Criminal Responsibilities It is crucial to understand the purpose and the consequences of having the minimum age of criminal responsibilities set at a young age. There have been many studies completed that give appreciation to the rights of children and give an understanding of their specific capabilities. Being informed about children’s culpability, their competence to participate in the criminal justice system (CJS) and the consequences of criminalising them at a young age are crucial areas that need to be looked at in detail when thinking of setting with a minimum age of criminal responsibilities (Farmer, 2011). Adolescents are around the age of maturity and go through many developmental changes in life. It is of utter most importance to focus on the culpability of young individuals when it comes to unlawful behaviours they engage in, how competent these individuals are when it comes to engaging in the Youth Justice System (YJS), and the consequences of getting them involved in the criminal justice system at a young age. These issues must be addressed and taken into consideration when creating the minimum age of criminal responsibility.
Culpability
Culpability refers to understanding and being responsible for the actions and consequences of a wrong. During adolescence, there are substantial developments in executive functioning (EF), emotional processing and social cognition (Farmer, 2011). These EF skills play a critical role in controlling and coordinating thoughts and behaviours, working memory, selective attention and inhibition of emotional responses, which is used in everyday tasks like decision making, problem solving, long-term planning and social interaction (Farmer, 2011). The changes that occur in the prefrontal cortex are associated with the improvement of EF skills through adolescence (Farmer, 2011).

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