...create the model society. The Puritans where one group that wanted to make a society based on their beliefs. The Puritans wanted to purify the church of England. They also wanted to build a purified society. One aspiration that really took of for the puritans was their attempt to create a self-government. The Puritans wanted to have “A City upon a Hill”, in which the eyes of all people would have been upon them . They felt in order to build a purified society they would have to following in the way of the Bible. Basically people question whether the Puritans were an intolerant religious group of racists or the foundation of America? There are valid claims on both sides. Although, many historians believe Puritans had a direct effect on the rapid and successful development of American civilization, that the Puritans were able to come up with the idea of a “democratic” state, the whole process of a few governing and people elect came from them, but for the most part we can see through their beilefs and laws they were an intolerant group that goes against American values set in the constitution. The biggest American value set in our constitution is the separation of Church and State. We enjoy basic human freedoms, like freedom of religion and speech. This was not the case with the puritans. They imposed concrete belief in the Bible and lived by it. Maintaining your life based on the Bible sets valuable limits. Prior to following the Bible, the Puritans looked at laughter and pleasure...
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...In New England, faith was dominant in everyday life. The Puritan faith created a strict social code, but also valued social equality and unity. As the governor of Massachusetts, John Winthrop, states, “… make others’ conditions our own, rejoice together, mourn together, labor and suffer together, always having before our eyes our commission and community in the work, our community as members of the same body” (Document A). Here, he illustrates here the importance of togetherness to work towards the same goal and that they will prosper together if they work together in unity. Another key note is that the people who came to New England were families leaving religious persecution (Document B). The Chesapeake colonies on the other hand had no families going to their colonies, and often the individuals that...
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...Ian Mack American Political Thought Professor Weiner Evidence of Liberty When analyzing the content of past documents, including the mayflower compact, the declaration of independence, and the rights of the British colonies asserted and proved you can see many consistencies. Constants of policy, including the puritan, revolutionary, and constitutional thought all establish a parallel theme. These themes relate to the assumptions about purpose and nature that show basic institutions of politics. This matter relates back to liberty, which correlates with the desires of religion and government from the puritans. In the 3 documents mentioned earlier, you can see that liberty is prevalent in all of them. The Declaration of Independence shows us this desire of sovereignty in the first sentence by stating “When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature’s God entitle them” (151). This consistency of these symbols started with the puritans and the Mayflower compact, which sets a standard of laws being for the general good. With God as a witness to this compact, a violation is very serious, and being a symbol of deliberative self governing. “In the presence of God, and one another, covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil body politic” (73) which is...
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...Government 2305 Chapter 1 1. Describe the different early inhabitants and settlements or the New World: -Jamestown The founding of Jamestown, America’s first permanent English colony, in Virginia in 1607 – sparked a series of cultural encounters that helped shape the nation and the world. The government, language, customs, beliefs and aspirations of these early Virginians are all part of the United States’ heritage today. The colony was sponsored by the Virginia Company of London, a group of investors who hoped to profit from the venture. Chartered in 1606 by King James I, the company also supported English national goals of counterbalancing the expansion of other European nations abroad, seeking a northwest passage to the Orient, and converting the Virginia Indians to the Anglican religion. Initially, the colony was governed by a council of seven, with one member serving as president. Serious problems soon emerged in the small English outpost, which was located in the midst of a chiefdom of about 14,000 Algonquian-speaking Indians ruled by the powerful leader Powhatan. Relations with the Powhatan Indians were tenuous, although trading opportunities were established. An unfamiliar climate, as well as brackish water supply and lack of food, conditions possibly aggravated by a prolonged drought, led to disease and death. Many of the original colonists were upper-class Englishmen, and the colony lacked sufficient laborers and skilled...
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...Countries with High Power Distance (e.g., Mexico, Perú, Venezuela, Colombia) Countries With Low Power Distance (e.g., U.S., Netherlands, Sweden) Managers show less consideration Managers show more consideration Employees fear to disagree with their boss Employees less afraid of disagreeing with their boss Managers see themselves as benevolent decision-makers Managers see themselves as practical and systematic; they admit a need for support Subordinates favor a manager’s decision- making style to be more autocratic- paternalistic Subordinates favor a manager’s decision making style to be more consultative, democratic, and give and take Close supervision positively evaluated by Subordinates Close supervision negatively evaluated by subordinates Higher and lower educated employees show similar values about authority Higher educated employees hold much less authoritarian values than lower-educated ones HIGH INDIVIDUALISM (e.g., US, Great Britain, Canada, Australia) LOW INDIVIDUALISM (e.g., Venezuela, Perú, Colombia, Mexico) Need to make specific friendships Social relationships predetermined in terms of “in groups” Individual initiative is socially encouraged Individual initiative is socially frowned upon; fatalism Managers endorse “modern” points of view on stimulating employee initiative and group activity Managers endorse “traditional” points of view, not supporting employee initiative and group activity Emotional independence from company...
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...Shreeti Sigdel Hamilton AP English III/5th 20 September 2013 The American Dream For generations, the American dream has floated around society in different forms. In the 19th century, it was viewed as an independent and cowboy-worthy lifestyle, whereas in the early 20th century, it corresponded to nationalism and unity. In today’s society, young generations often fantasize the lavish lifestyle of Beyoncé and Justin Timberlake while declaring it their American dream. The origin of the term dates back to 1931, where it was first coined in James Truslow Adams’ The Epic of America. Adams claims that the egalitarian nature of this dream began to take shape when the early Puritan colonists settled in America with the hopes of living in freedom from governmental persecution. Like the Puritans, millions of immigrants leave their country every year with the hopes of building a better life. Because of different generations’ perspective and individual values, it is difficult to assign a certain definition to the American dream. For example, to some people, the dream is often associated with success, while to others, it corresponds to future family stability. Whatever the version may be, America’s countless prospects guarantee every American the opportunity to achieve their dream through hard work and dedication. While every American has heard the phrase, “American Dream” at least once in their lifetime, every non-American has heard it at least a 100 times. The opportunity to live...
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...Keeping the Dream Alive The perennial conviction that those who work hard and play by the rules will be rewarded with a more comfortable present and a stronger future for their children faces assault from just about every direction. That great enemy of democratic capitalism, economic inequality, is real and growing. The unemployment rate is dispiritingly high. The nation's long-term fiscal health is at risk, and the American political system, the engine of what Thomas Jefferson called "the world's best hope," shows no sign of reaching solutions commensurate with the problems of the day. It has not always been this way. On Friday, May 1, 1931, James Truslow Adams, a popular historian, was putting the final touches on the preface to his latest book. It was a curious time in the life of the nation. Though the Crash of 1929 had signaled the beginning of the Great Depression that was to endure for years to come, there was also a spirit of progress, of possibility. On the day Adams was finishing his manuscript, President Herbert Hoover pressed a button in Washington to turn on the lights of the newly opened Empire State Building at 34th Street and Fifth Avenue, which, at 1,250 ft., was to be the tallest building in Manhattan until the construction of the World Trade Center four decades later. High hopes amid hard times: the moment matched Adams' thesis in his book, The Epic of America, a history of the nation that was to popularize a term not yet in the general vernacular in those...
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...He comments on one of the most important things to him—his family. Throughout the whole letter he constantly brings up his aspiration to see his wife “and the dear children here”, so he could be happy and at peace (Downe 37). By putting his family first, readers can conclude how sentimental and caring he is towards them, he wants his family to leave England to live happily and healthily. He even claims that he escaped England’s deprivation, but he would “rather cross the Atlantic ten times” than to hear his children cry for food (Downe 44). Downe assures his wife that once they come to America they would not have to hear his children struggle being in hunger. Not only does Downe’s children have a special place in his heart, but so does his wife. He straightforwardly presents how she may experience “a few inconveniences in” transitioning to America but he knows it will...
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...Position of English as a Global Language: Political and Cultural Factors English has achieved a global significance that no other language has ever been able to do so, in such a scale. A language earns its global status when it culturally and politically dominant across the continents. Also, it is notable that the most salient feature of a global language is not how many people use it, rather how strongly the people who speak this language is socially and politically established. In fact, perhaps the most significant force that makes a language global is political power of its speakers. The spread of English beyond Europe and the British Isles is accredited to four centuries of colonialism and British imperialism, which led to English being spoken by over three hundred million people. (Crystal 14) The first significant stride in the advancement of English towards its pre-eminence as a world language occurred during the early trade in the Atlantic. Crystal also articulates that by the year 1600, England had gained trading contacts across three continents, which retrospectively provided a powerful platform on which the English language was to flourish and become the globally dominant medium of communication that it is at present (39). Trading companies such as the Newfoundland fur trade, the ivory and gold trade on the western coast of Africa and the East India Company brought speakers of English into economic contact throughout the world. English and the English-based pidgins...
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...marriage provided models for women’s goals, as well as the opportunity to speak of their experience. Both of these ideals and the value of character represented the standards of perfection, which were essential to the sphere of life. Catharine Sedgwick, a fiction writer, subscribed to these high standards and refused to compromise. Her writings repeatedly emphasized the political and personal need for liberty and independence. The behavior of unmarried women in the nineteenth century provided an answer to their highly charged moral pursuit concerning duty, usefulness and love rather than the cultural elements concerning self-fulfillment. In order to find out who we are, we must understand where we come from. The seventeenth century Puritans first declared the importance of affection in marriage believing that to love one’s spouse was a duty. Young men and women were to choose someone they could learn to love but being in love was not necessary. It was companionship and respect, which shaped the solid foundations of a successful marriage. However, by the first decades of the nineteenth century, those stipulations were no longer seen as sufficient when it came to building a foundation. Matrimonies were now based on a strong and spiritual personal attraction. [1] Rather than marry someone they could learn to love, the men and women of this generation were now expected to marry someone they did love. [2] The evolution of human love can be associated with the exposure to...
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...The overall concern of religion conviction in the United States of America possesses equally; advantages and disadvantages in the public domain; assemblies and federations of multicultural dogmas and viewpoint in which these religious theories exhibit within the community. Understandably, in regards to religion the First Amendment protects the right to freedom of religion and freedom of expression. Really, on average Americans results in a minimum of two free will self-determination’s; the privilege to be free from a forced government faith and the permission to exercise any religion of choice.Loyalty, responsibility, and faith are just a few of the dutiful religious standards, these holy parties hold as sacred acceptance today while living in society. At that time, many of the pious truths and principals’ in America were originated to create justice, peace, impartiality and legitimacy to all. Religion in the work place is said to be no different; several spiritual groups maintain that Religion in the workplace creates a strong consciousness within the organization culture, a purposed appreciation which can be an extraordinary valuable commodity within the community (Sire, 1990). The Equal Employment Opportunity Act, EEOC, of 1964 affirms that religion in the work room must serve both God and society. As Thomas Jefferson says it best “a wall of division concerning the church and government". In addition many Christian maintain that religion from their perspective overflows...
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...Marriage vs living together Family is the basic block of all human cultures, and marriage is the base of the family. The establishment of marriage is good for individuals and society. Families are created and held together by the lifelong commitment of a man and a woman who live cooperatively and raise and nurture their children. Not only is marriage vital to society, the benefits of marriage for both adults and children are well recognized. Married people live longer, spend less time in hospital, have great incomes and enjoy greater emotional support. Children raised by their father and mother are less likely to live in poverty, drop out of school and are more likely to finish college. They are also at a lower risk for becoming sexually active in their teen years. However, families now face some extraordinary challenges today, including divorce, extra marital affairs, birth of child before marriage etc. which contribute to lessened family, individual and community welfare. Americans living in the twenty-first century, face the problem of ever increasing marriage and divorce rates. Relationships like life are now something to be managed rather than lived. Living successfully is now about keeping up, staying ahead or staying on top of things. It is hard to believe that staying together in a fast paced life takes work and commitment. But it is not impossible. It is a matter of taking control of your lives together and being a little creative about how you live. Even though...
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...Rip Van Winkle Summary: “Rip Van Winkle” is an American masterpiece of the short story. It is based on local history but is rooted in European myth and legend. Irving reportedly wrote it one night in England, in June, 1818, after having spent the whole day talking with relatives about the happy times spent in Sleepy Hollow. The author drew on his memories and experiences of the Hudson River Valley and blended them with Old World contributions. “Rip Van Winkle” is such a well-known tale that almost every child in the United States has read it or heard it narrated at one time or another. Rip is a simple-minded soul who lives in a village by the Catskill Mountains. Beloved by the village, Rip is an easygoing, henpecked husband whose one cross to bear is a shrewish wife who nags him day and night. One day he wanders into the mountains to go hunting, meets and drinks with English explorer Henry Hudson’s legendary crew, and falls into a deep sleep. He awakens twenty years later and returns to his village to discover that everything has changed. The disturbing news of the dislocation is offset by the discovery that his wife is dead. In time, Rip’s daughter, son, and several villagers identify him, and he is accepted by the others. One of Irving’s major points is the tumultuous change occurring over the twenty years that the story encompasses. Rip’s little Dutch village had remained the same for generations and symbolized rural peace and prosperity. On his return, everything has...
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...The Commercial Revolution “The Moneylender and His Wife,” Quentin Metsys (1514) AP European History J.F. Walters (2010) 1 Commercial Revolution: Essential Questions 1. How did developments in the late Middle Ages impact the Commercial Revolution? 2. What contribution did Luca Pacioli make to the Commercial Revolution? 3. What was the nature of banking in the Commercial Revolution? 4. What was a joint-stock company? 5. What was the Domestic System” in England? 6. What was the Price Revolution and what were its results? 7. What were the principles of mercantilism and what impact did it have on economics and politics? 8. In what ways did the Commercial Revolution sow the seeds of capitalism? 9. What was “Tulip Mania” in the Netherlands? AP European History • The Commercial Revolution • J.F. Walters & G.W.Whitton 2 The Commercial Revolution Journal 12/A: What important economic changes in the early modern centuries does the term “Commercial Revolution” signify? ––Palmer Chapter 12 • pp. 106-114–– Directions; Using sentences or detailed bulleted notes, identify & explain the evidence Palmer uses to support the thesis listed above. AP European History • The Commercial Revolution • J.F. Walters & G.W.Whitton 3 Background to the Commercial Revolution • Commercial Revolution basics ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ • change from a town-centered (medieval manorial) to a nation-centered (early modern European) economic system in spite of name, the...
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...Why and What Do We Compare? The Story of Revolution and Democratization Mehrzad Boroujerdi, Syracuse University Introduction The field of comparative politics starts with the assumption that knowledge in the social sciences must proceed by way of the search for comparisons, or what has been called "suggestive contrasts." Scholars of comparative politics compare in order to discover similarities and explain differences. As infrequent and highly complex events, revolutions have attracted a great deal of attention from comparativists. In this article, we will address the following topics: • The Concept of Revolution • Why Revolutions Happen? • Can Revolutions be Predicted? • What Do Revolutions Accomplish? • What Are some of the Failures of Revolutions? • Comparing Characteristics and Outcomes of Some Revolutions • Questions The Concept of Revolution: According to the American philosopher Richard Rorty "revolution," like such other words as "reason," "democracy," and "socialism" is a "thick word" which can be contrasted with such "thin words" as truth, dialogue, and justice. How do we define a "revolution?" How are revolutions distinct from other forms of political change such as Coup d'état, rebellion, mutiny, insurrection, or uprising? All of the above nouns may denote acts of violence aimed at changing or overthrowing an existing order or authority. However, there are important legal and political differences among them as well. ...
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