...help the user personalize their device. Part 2: Commentary Text Commentary text makes system states or system functionality visible (Heim 2008). Text should be readable, in that it is easy for the user of the interface to understand and read. The line spacing is very important when making the text on an interface readable. There are other aspects of the interface that make it readable as well such as: line length, formatting, the width of the margins and the scroll bar (scrolling). The interface should also use words that are common and easy for the user to understand. This just means that the designer of the interface should not use words that are not in most users’ everyday language. An example of this type of word is interface or dialog box. If the designer uses words that have no words that are like them in real life then the users of the interface will not try to make them have a different meaning than that which is intended. The text should be clear and not contradict in any way. The users of the interface should be able to visualize the words by creating a mental image of them. Text phrases should be kept to a minimum and should be clear at all times what their meaning is intended to be. In the interface that I have created, which is a smartphone, I have tried to keep the design as simple and as readable as possible. There are...
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...really early days of the web were all about text. The object of the whole exercise was to make what is surely the most basic type of information, streams of bytes representing characters, available to a wide audience. To do this that information has to be in a format which is as much as possible, "device independent". Text is a very lightweight way of conveying information. A small 143px by 143px image can easily run to 4500 bytes, which at a byte a character is the equivalent of about 900 words. A picture may indeed paint a thousand words in the real world, but in the virtual world a lot of users will thank you for not taking up all their bandwidth. But this is to digress from the main point, which is that the web began life as a medium for conveying information in as succinct and lightweight a manner as possible. During its period of explosive growth we lost sight of this a bit, but it's now an idea which is coming back. At lots of sites, for example intranets, news and information services and so on, it actually never went away. The important point to be made is that good web designers should be able to make text oriented pages appear enticing, interesting and most of all readable, without relying too heavily on bandwidth intensive images and animations, which also tend to reduce the usability and accessibility of pages. A significant challenge to designers and implementers of web sites is to present text based information in the most accessible...
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...19 Rules of Typography Index 1. Use Classical Typeface 2. Use Maximum Two Types of Typefaces 3. Use Typefaces that are Different in Form 4. Use Upper and Lower Case Letters 5. Use an Average Point Size for Text Type 6. Use Minimum Type Sizes and Weights 7. Use Text Types of Book Weight 8. Use Typefaces of Medium Width 9. Use Consistent Letter and Word Spacing 10. Use Appropriate Line Lengths 11. Use Line Spacing that is Readable 12. Use Flush Left Type Alignment 13. Create Effective Rags 14. Clearly Indicate Paragraphs 15. Avoid Widows and Orphans 16. Emphasize Elements within the text 17. Never distort the Type 18. Align Letters and Word on the Baseline 19. Use Maximum Contrasts between the Type and the Background 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 19 Rules of Typography RULE 1 Use Classical Typeface For optimum legibility, choose classical, time-tested typefaces. These typefaces should be drawn and crafted with consistency among characters, and exhibit highly legible proportions. Examples include: Baskerville, Bembo, Bodoni, Caslon, Centaur, Franklin Gothic, Frutiger, Futura, Garamond, Gill Sans, Goudy Old Style, Helvetica, News Gothic, Palatino, Perpetua, Sabon, Times New Roman, and Universe. RIGHT WRONG SMART PEOPLE SMART PEOPLE 19 Rules of Typography 2 RULE 2 Use Maximum Two Typefaces Be mindful not to use too many different typefaces at any one time. The main reason for using more than one typeface is to create emphasis...
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...Unit 16 Report Benefits and limitations CAD has many reasons as to why it is now used so heavily in design and manufacturing, this is due to the precision, flexibility, established drafting standards, efficiency and the ability to modify the drawings. All these are great tools compared to manually drawing , this can cut out a lot of time and using CAD also ensures that the drawings are drawn 1:1 and with no tolerance, this means that for the manufactures it is a lot easier to make as there is no faults in the drawing and it can provide many views with all the dimensions required, it can also show assembly drawings of the parts that you are making, showing how it all fits together with key just the key dimensions making it easier for whoever is manufacturing the product. One of the main reasons that CAD is a big advantage over drawing by hand when designing products is that you can change the dimensions of your products and modify it if it goes wrong, this gives an advantage over drawing it by hand because if you dimension the product wrong you have to start all over again whereas on CAD you can just undo what you did and correct the mistake, CAD also allows you to draw perfectly at a 1:1 scale. This is an advantage for the people modelling the product as they don’t need to think about fitting it on one page and if they have to scale up or down to make sure that it fits on the page. As CAD can get 100% accuracy on all the measurements it could help the company save a lot...
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...to reach a specific target audience. Introduction There are several elements to take into consideration when designing a website, applying best practices to the web design are very important. The website organization is largely determined by the website architecture with three common types of web organization, which will be presented in this paper. The designer must concentrate on the target audience for the website and constantly take into account how the target audience will view the website. The designer should adhere to the recommendations of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and run the web site’s Web addresses via their appropriate assessment tools to be certain that the highest possible standard of accessibility is provided. The content in addition to structure of the website ought to be meticulously designed for simplicity use and provide concise information to the visitor. The overall presentation of the website is required to be eye appealing without overwhelming graphics and sounds, although graphics help make webpages compelling and provide the user interactivity, the design should not use more media than needed. An important part of the designers planning involves continuous improvement by constantly evaluating and maintaining the website. The included material will provide techniques that will help develop a successful website for an Internet web company called www.jorgiestyle.com. Web Site Purpose The Jorgiestyle.com music website...
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...Typography * The art/practice of setting and arranging type, including the selection of typefaces and arrangement of type in a composition. * Includes typefaces (a full set of type made to a particular design, also known as a font), point size, line length, line-spacing and kerning. * The study of typefaces include the legibility of the typeface, the aesthetics of the typeface, the functionality of typefaces and how a typeface/layout combination enhances content. * The process of typefaces include artistic composition of individual type, the setting and arrangement of type and basic elements of DTP. * Sans Serif – letters made bigger, used in advertising, movies, music, and modern media. * Influential designers include Eric Gill, Erik Spiekermann and Kurt Weidermann. * Combining type and image and computers result in the creation of 1000’s of typefaces. * Typography is defined in relation to print * History of Western printing Johannes Gutenberg * Europe’s first printer (42-line Bible 1455) * First designer of typeface * Gothic type: modelled after German script * Goal: To replicate the look of a manuscript Bible Aldus Manutius * Designed “Italic” type (“of Italy”) in the 1490s * Modelled on handwriting of Venetian clerks * Compact form allowed for printing of smaller books Geofory Tory * 16th Century French Designer * Influenced by architecture and Leonardo da Vinci * Designed his typeface on the...
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...Gill Sans History In typography Gill Sans is among one of the unique typefaces, it is named after the British designer Eric Gill. In 1916, the British designer Eric Gill assisted in a project with Edward Johnson, they create a typeface for the London Underground. A few years later in 1927, Eric Gill was asked to design a typeface so he simply revised the existing alphabet of Johnsons. Gill Sans it was based on the original sans-serif lettering that was designed by Johnston for London Underground. Gill also designed Perpetua and Joanna typefaces, which he used on his book "An Essay on Typography". Characteristics Gill Sans contains over 14 different variations including Gill Sans Light, Light italic, Regular, italic regular, Bold, Bold...
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...system that getting data and information of the employees to be assessed. In this case, the state-of-art system was introduced and implemented to the organisations. According to Raymond (1998), the status of personnel data was becoming more important due to the development of government laws and regulations through the Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO), Affirmative Action Program (AAP), and Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OHS). Because of these organisation needed to provide the reports showing that the personnel practices complied with the laws. Thus, there is a need to use the computer-based system to provide accurate information effectively and efficiently to the national government with statistics or data that are readable. All organisations need to keep records about their personnel, for instance, to comply with taxation requirements, for use in emergencies and as the basis for making decisions about the work their personnel perform. These organisations have a human resources function that handles the personnel’s records. The ideal system that is used in managing the personnel is called the Human Resource Information System (HRIS). A HRIS is the system used to acquire, store, mainpulate, analyse, retrieve, and distribute...
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...XBRL: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES Erlane K Ghani and Kamaruzzaman Muhammad Throughout the world, a number of key regulators are advocating the need of Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) and trumpeting this tool to be digitalising the financial information value chain thus bringing huge benefits to all relevant parties. Many companies in the world have started to prepare XBRL-based financial reports and the momentum of such practice is growing rapidly (Kernan, 2008). Similar to other countries, Malaysian regulators have also seen the need of adopting XBRL for all companies as a necessity to improve financial reporting. XBRL is seen to assist relevant parties in achieving the objectives of accounting framework in terms of relevance, consistency, timeliness and accuracy. The parties involves in the preparation and the usage of financial information such as the regulators, preparers, users as well as the auditors would have greater access to the financial information via XBRL since XBRL use the Internet as the medium of communication and transmission of information. Due to the greater hyped of XBRL, the Companies Commission of Malaysia (SSM) have set to fully implement XBRL upon completion of a five-year XBRL initiatives initiated by Malaysia’s Registrar of Companies developed under its Strategic Direction Plan II. SSM plans to implement XBRL-based financial reporting in phases starting with listed companies, their subsidiaries and non listed companies followed by private...
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...Unit 69: Exploring concept art for computer games What is concept art? Concept art is a form of illustration used to convey an idea for use in video games and animation before it is put into the final production. Concept art can also be referred to as visual development or concept design. Uses of concept art in games development There are many different types of levels in the production process: • Initial concept art initial concept art can be started from verbally or visually the artist will sometimes receive a rough concept design and told to refine and develop the concept further. A concept artist is an individual who generates a visual design for an item, characters, or area for game levels i am going to focus on thumbnails but there are more like storyboards and quick illustrations Thumbnails With thumbnails you start by thinking about a character that you would like to produce. like what weapon, body shape and poses that you would like your charter to have. Once that has been decided you can start with some ruff sketches. Image 1 This part of the process is the main creative part as you have what you charter will look like. These images do not have to be clean just a loose guide to show you what they will eventually look like. Chances are that you will probably only like about 2 out off maybe 10 that you make. but you try to illustrate with black lines what direction that the body will take shape. Image 2 You can use pretty much any element of character...
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...of Creative Image Group began in 1992 while two friends were attending college. One was majoring in business with a focus on marketing and advertising; the other sought a degree in graphic design technology. The graphic designer was learning how to take an art form that was originally done with paper, pens, acetate, tape and glue and apply those same skills using computerized graphics, layers, vectors and pixels. Business work such as accounting, proposals, estimates, invoices and contracts was performed on an IBM compatible machine while all the graphic and design work was performed on a Mac LC II. Internal communications were executed using a 9600 baud modem system. External communications were performed through U.S. mail, telephone calls and a relatively new technology called facsimile transmissions (fax). Primary project output consisted of creating marketing and advertising materials such as logos, corporate branding materials, advertisements and other promotional print driven materials. Like many partnerships, Creative Image owners eventually dissolved the working relationship to pursue other ventures; however the business license was retained for 20 years in order to continue to allow freelance work by the artist. In 2011, the designer re-entered college to support 20 years of freelance design experience with a Bachelor’s Degree and redirect a career based upon print experience into establishing an expertise on creating successful web presence. Thus began...
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...delicate weight changes. * Counters are generous, with the exception of the lowercase ‘a’ and ‘e’, which are small. a e * Lowercase top serifs are extended, diagonal, and curve to join the main strokes. l k j * The Uppercase ‘T’ is unique, with the top left serif slanted and the top right serif straight. T Garamond remains one of the most popular text faces today. It is highly readable, lends a graceful quality to text, and its long ascenders give it a light, airy quality. http://barneycarroll.com/garamond.htm https://cei.org/blog/adobe-garamond-harry-potter-books-not-character-font That point was brought home in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, which included a colophon celebrating the typeface used for that book as well as the typesetter (also for the two previous books). Here's what it says: This book was art directed by David Saylor. The art for both the jacket and the interior was created using pastels on toned printmaking paper. The text was set in 12-point Adobe Garamond, a typeface based on the sixteenth-century type designs of Claude Garamond, redrawn by Robert Slimbach in 1989. The book was typeset by Brad Walrod and was printed and bound by Quebecor World Fairfield in Fairfield, Pennsylvania. The Managing Editor was Karyn Browne; the Continuity Editor was Cheryl Klein; and the Manufacturing Director was Angela...
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...people age 76 and over, according to a recent report.1 While these Baby Boomers and mature adults are eager to tap into the almost infinite resources that are available online, they are not as intuitive when maneuvering around sites that are often crowded with information, links, and uninviting designs. In addition, they often have physiological conditions that limit their ability to read, follow, and navigate websites. To enhance the online experience for their older adult audience (and increase the chances of gaining their business), companies must make their websites as usable and accessible as possible. While this would seem obvious, it’s widely believed that changing design features on behalf of older adults (using a more readable font, scaling the type size and increasing the contrast, and reformatting the text) compromises the experience for younger generations. This paper addresses this common misconception—and examines research clearly suggesting that changing your website to improve usability and accessibility for older adults actually improves the...
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...authorized before processed by the computer, accurately converted to machine readable form and recorded in the computer, that data files and transactions are not lost, added, duplicated or improperly changed, and that incorrect transactions are rejected, corrected and, if necessary, resubmitted on a timely basis (www.ventureline.com). The use of input controls should never be overlooked. Input controls are a great way to deliver high quality implementation as a control, which will also deliver high quality output results. Each system respectively may have different needs for different input controls, but regardless of the specific purpose that is possible for any system the aspects that relate to input controls will affect both user and technical areas of the system. When users are interacting with a system they are concerned with the usability and accessibility if the system while designers are concerned with the validity and accuracy of the information being inputted. Input controls are a valuable tool, some input controls may implement certain test procedures in order to validate and verify entered information and depending on how the program is configured there may be either a recommendation presented to the user or an automatic process carried out to utilize the input controls. One type of input control is a validity check. Validity checks take place in order to verify that only certain formats or types of data can be entered into a system. These are commonly used in the...
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...SQL99, SQL2003 and SQL2008. The Query was the most recent edition of SQL. Microsoft SQL 2010 Express Features 1. Simplify Development Efforts Leverage Existing Skills Get started today developing on SQL Server with SQL Server Data Tools. Take advantage of existing Transact-SQL skills, and incorporate technologies, including the Microsoft ADO.NET Entity Framework and LINQ. Develop applications faster through deep integration with Visual Studio, Visual Web Developer, and SQL Server Management Studio. Improve Developer Productivity Increase developer productivity and simplify deployment through integration with Visual Studio and Visual Web Developer. Take advantage of advanced capabilities, including rich table and query designers, full integration with Server Explorer, and drag-and-drop IDE support for rapidly building data-bound applications. Tune the Design Process Manage SQL Server 2012 Express databases with SQL Server Management Studio Express. Connect to local SQL Server 2012 Express databases and manage objects with full Object Explorer integration. Write, execute, and test queries by using visual query plans that provide hints to tune queries and access management and maintenance options. 2. Develop Sophisticated Applications Rapid data exploration & visualization Discover new insights at the speed of thought with Power View, a highly interactive, familiar browser-based data exploration, visualization, and presentation experiences...
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