...Leadership and its relationship with job satisfaction & rganizational commitment o among the employees of banking sector. This study was carried out in Jeddah, commercial city of Kingdome of Saudi Arabia. The a research concentrated on four commercial banks that re Al Bilad a Bank, AL Rajhi Bank, Riyad Bank and SABB. 300 questionnaires were circulated to employees of anks operating in Jeddah. Full-time bank b employees mostly working as trainee officers were our targeted p opulation. The questionnaire consisted of 38 items, divided into four categories; transformational eadership, overall job satisfaction, l organizational commitment and turnover intentions. Primary resources ere used for collecting data in order to carry out research w work. Multifactor leadership questionnaire eveloped by Bruce d &Avolio (2009) was used to measure the respondents’ perception about the transformational eadership. l By: Ayman Ali Al-Motawa Student Number: 1500140 Bus 633 Presented to: Dr-Asif Salam Transformational Leadership A Study of Banking Sector in Saudi Arabia Dr. Adil Zia H I. Introduction Uman resource is an important and indispensable factor for every organization. It is important to run an organization smoothly, effectively and efficiently (Mosadragh, 2013). Every success of an organization depends directly or indirectly on the hard work, loyalty and involvement of i t s managers and employees. In the era of g l o...
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...ONE Introduction 1.1 Background of the Study For the last few decades job satisfaction has been one of the most popular interests among scientists, researchers and practitioners. According to Spector job satisfaction is the most frequently studied variable in organization research. Job satisfaction was proved too be an important construct in emotional and psychological employees’ well being. It is a significant element related to good organizational functioning as well. Although, the phenomenon of job satisfaction has been broadly researched, still there are several problematic areas. First of all, the concept of job satisfaction has been described in various ways by a number of researchers. Lawler states that “overall job satisfaction is determined by the difference between all those things a person feels he should received from his job and all those things he actually does receive”. Locke defines job satisfaction as “the pleasurable emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job as achieving or facilitating the achievement of one’s job values. Spector describes job satisfaction as “the extent to which people like (satisfaction) or dislike (dissatisfaction) their jobs”. Apart of those few definitions indicated above, there are many others that aim to explain the concept of the satisfaction. The lack of consensus which appears in defining the concept may lead to misunderstanding among researchers and research participants and may influence the construct validity...
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...THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT, JOB SATISFACTION AND JOB ENLARGEMENT Name Id Email FAIZAN HUSSAIN 8141 faizanhussain_ca@hotamil.com Name Id Email WALEED AHMED 8144 waleed_taurus@hotmail.com Name Id Email Rizwan Tahir 7892 rizva9@gmail.com Name Id Email Sheikh Zeeshan Ali 7095 Sheikh_Zeeshan_Ali@hotmail.com Submitted to: Tehseen Jawaid THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT, JOB SATISFACTION AND JOB ENLARGEMENT Abstract This study examines the relationship between job enlargements, job satisfaction and organization commitment in an organization. In today’s global economy, organizations incorporate programs like total quality management, employee involvement, job enrichment, skill-based pay, gain sharing plans to gain a competitive edge. 60 Questionnaires were applied the data was analyzed based on SPSS version. Regression analysis were used, based on our respondents the result shows that there is a significant and positive relationship between organizational commitment and job satisfaction and on the other hand there is insignificant relationship between organizational commitment and job enlargement .The results supported our hypothesis for job satisfaction which there is a positive relationship between organizational commitment and job satisfaction, however, results didn’t supported the hypotheses that are posited for this study in respect of job enlargement which is there is a positive...
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...LINK OF SATISFACTION COMMITMENT AND PERFORMANCE ON FACULTY MEMBERS’ PERFORMANCE AT HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN PAKISTAN PhD Scholar S. M. Arsalan SHOEBY Hamdard University, Pakistan PhD Scholar Faisal SALEEM KASBIT, Pakistan MS Graduate Ambreen RAZZAQ Institute of Business and Technology – Biztek, Pakistan Naveed R. KHAN Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris – UPSI, Malaysia Email: naveed.r.khan@gmail.com Abstract: The contribution of faculty members in producing scholars and economy building can’t be rule out in any country. The faculty member’s satisfaction, commitment and performance are the points to investigate in higher education sector of Pakistan, especially in private sector universities. This study is conducted in Pakistan to investigate the relationship of satisfaction with commitment and performance, and commitment association with performance. The tools were adopted from the studies of Rice & Schneider (1994) and Smeenk et al. (2008). The top five, private sector universities of Karachi, as per HEC criteria, were taken as target sample to conduct the survey. This research affirmed that satisfaction is positively correlated with commitment and performance, and commitment also correlated with performance of faculty members of private sector universities in Pakistan. Keywords: satisfaction, commitment, performance, faculty members, universities, degree awarding institutions, higher education, private sector. Introduction The growth of higher education...
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.../dissertations/management/employees-rewards.php CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.0 Overview In any organization, employee's rewards usually given to attract, motivate and retain the employees to stay longer and contribute a good quality services to ensure the successful of the organization; in other words, rewards play an important role in creating, building and maintaining the commitment among employees with the purpose to ensure high standard of performances and workforce stability. According to the individual - organizational exchange theme, individuals enter the organization with special qualification and skill, desire and goals, and expect in return a work setting where they can use their skill, satisfy their desire, and achieve their goals (Mottaz, 1988). At the minimum, employees expect their organization to provide fair pay, safe working condition, and fair treatment. (Beer, Spector, Lawrence, Mills, & Walton, 1984). It simply implies that employees offer or increase their commitment when organization meets employees' expectation regarding fulfillment of their important needs. Thus, the exchange perspective explains organizational commitment as a function of work rewards and work values (Lambert, 2000; Mottazz, 1988), and suggests the importance of work rewards for continuously encouraging employees. According to exchange theory and reciprocity norm, employees repay the rewards received from organization through increase commitment to the organization, which reenforce the exchange...
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...2 (2010) Relationship between Job Satisfaction, Job Performance Attitude towards Work and Organizational Commitment Habib Ahmad Faculty of Management Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan E-mail: habib.msfin26@iiu.edu.pk Tel: +92-03335339752 Khursheed Ahmad Lecturer in Department of Management Sciences, University of Swat, Pakistan E-mail: khursheed66@yahoo.com Tel: +92-03088787874 Idrees Ali Shah Faculty of Management Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan E-mail: idree.as1985@gmail.com Tel: +92-033491093119 Abstract Many attempts are made to find determinants of job satisfaction and its relationship with other variables but most of the study is done in the west. This paper utilizes survey data collected form 310 employees of 15 advertising agencies of Islamabad (Pakistan) to test interdependency of job satisfaction and job performance, effect of organizational commitment and attitude towards work on job satisfaction and impact of organizational commitment and attitude towards work on performance. Response patterns, analyzed by gender, education, department, income and age are also discussed. Results show a weak relation between job satisfaction and performance where as organizational commitment has strong positive relation with performance and attitude towards work has a strong positive relation with job satisfaction. The study identifies insignificant impact of organizational commitment on job satisfaction and attitude...
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...model which shows that job satisfaction, employee motivation and employee involvement (independent variable) has an impact on employee turnover (dependent variable). Hence the purpose of this research will be, firstly getting the perception of employees at work by conducting semi structure interviews as an instrument of data collection to explore the effect of Job satisfaction, employee motivation and employee involvement on employee turnover. Secondly semi structure interviews will be further used to find and examine whether these three factors really affect or not if yes then which factor affects closely in order to remove that one from organizations facing employee turnover issues. Different hypothesis are formed on the basis of dependent and independent variables. By using different research articles literature review has been written. Than a model is developed of job satisfaction, employee motivation and employee involvement (independent variable) and employee turnover (dependent variable).Than a theoretical framework is written on the base of these variables. Using a cross sectional research method sample of 500 employees of service organization like Banks, University (Employees), Telecommunication, EFU life insurance, Guard Technologies and Students has been selected for this research. Convenience sampling technique will be used for data collection. Data will be collected from male and females of service organizations like Banks, University (Employees), Telecommunication,...
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...Effects of employee’s satisfaction and commitment Name Institution Professor Date Abstract Employee commitment is an active way of improving the organizational satisfaction. In this article employee satisfaction is viewed as an independent variable while employee commitment acts as the independent variable, a moderating variable is taken to be employee performance. The sample for the study comes from various public and private organizations of cities such as Lahore, Karachi, and Faisalabad. Data collection is through close- ended questionnaires and analysis done through Statistical Package for Social Sciences by using descriptive statistics, as well as the t-test. The results describe a moderate interdependence between the variables. Satisfaction Studies in the past reveal a two-way relationship between job performance and employee satisfaction while modern and recent studies indicate a unidirectional relationship with regards to employee satisfaction that improves job performance yet weak relations occurs upon analysis of job satisfaction as a basis for job satisfaction. It follows that employee’s satisfaction and performance in work place...
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...The Impact of Job Characteristics on Social and Human Service Workers Reva I. Allen/Eric G. Lambert/Sudershan Pasupuleti/Terry Cluse-Tolar/Lois A. Ventura, Department of Social Work, University of Toledo 1 In many career fields, there is a tendency to try to find the right person for the job instead of trying to make the job right for the person. Koeske and Kirk (1995) wrote, “Social work administrators presume that there are certain characteristics of human service workers that predispose some of the workers to thrive in a particular job while workers with other characteristics are more likely to dislike the job or do poorly” (p. 15). Additionally, some administrators of social and human service agencies appear to be more concerned with the impact of workers on their agency than the impact of the organization on workers. “Blaming the employee” focuses the attention away from the real causes (Arches 1991). It is true that social and human service workers can and do have meaningful effects on their employing organizations. It is, however, naive to assume that employees are not affected by the organization. It is reasonable to assume that many employees who have negative or positive impacts on the employing organization do so because of how they were treated at work. The work environment has real and lasting effects on most employees. It is generally theorized that the work environment influences employees mainly through their attitudinal states, and these...
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...Factors of Motivation & Impact of Job Satisfaction on Organizational Commitment [pic] ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “If you take care of your employees, your employees will take care of the organization & its customers over a period of time”. These are the words that have inspired us to conduct the research on the effect of employee motivation on organizational commitment. We shall be failing in our duty, if we do not record our gratitude to all those who have helped us & co-operated with us to pursuit this project. We would like to thank Prof. Kavita Lagate for her excellent sessions on Research Methodology which helped us to understand the various aspects of the subject & the project. Further by giving us an opportunity to carry out this research & present this research report under her guidance has enabled us to understand the concept of making a research report. CONTENTS Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………4 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………….5 Objectives of the Study …………………………………………………………………….6 Previous Research…………………………………………………………………………...7 Literature Review…..……………………………………………………………………….9 Research Methodology…………………………………………………………………….22 Data Collection & Analysis…………………………………………………......................25 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………..28 Direction for Future Research……………………………………………………………...
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...Introduction In the present era, job satisfaction plays vital role in the organization’s managementand in the implementation of effective human resource development strategies. In view of this, the study attempts to identify the influence that rewards have on job satisfaction. Job satisfaction increases the degree of happiness in the workplace, which leads to a positive work approach. A lack of jobsatisfaction can lead to increased absenteeism and unnecessary turnover in the workplace(Locke, 1998). A satisfied worker is creative, flexible, innovative, and loyal, (Enotes, 2010). Employee’s job satisfaction has always been an important issue for managers. Since, satisfied employees tend to be more productive, creative and committed to its organization and work place therefore, work place environment must be able to attract, motivate and retain creative, committed and hardworking individuals, (Michelle, 2006). In different dimensions the rewards structure have strong relationship with job satisfaction (Clifford, 1998). Earlier Job rewards have been studied as set of the task itself, salary, promotions, behavior of supervisors and coworkers, cohesiveness of work groups, security, fringe benefits, and working environment (Locke &Gruenberg, 1995). The demographic variables are also very important while a study is being conducted on relationship of work rewards with job satisfaction. The importance of reward in the day-to-day performance of workers’ duties cannot...
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...RUNNING HEADER: Job Satisfaction Team Paper Job Satisfaction Team Paper PSY428 June 21, 2010 Maria Cuddy-Casey Job Satisfaction Team Paper With today’s ever-changing, stressful environment individual job satisfaction is critical to the success of any organization. Today’s individuals are looking for more than a job; they are searching for a career that will challenge them, allowing them to grow and progress within the organization. They need a sense of accomplishment while allowing the flexibility to be creative. It is these employees who find satisfaction in their positions. They are more productive, efficient, and effective; contributing to success of the company. The purpose of this paper is to define job satisfaction and its affect within the workplace. It will explain the impact that organizational socialization has on job satisfaction as well as providing an example of how an organization can use organizational socialization to positively impact job satisfaction. Finally, it will describe the relationship between organizational commitment and job satisfaction as well as providing an example of how an organization can use organizational commitment to positively impact job satisfaction. Define Job Satisfaction Employees who are happy and content at work are satisfied with their job. Employers are placing more emphasis on employee job satisfaction. Employees who are satisfied with their job have better retention, camaraderie with fellow staff...
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...Title: Impact of job satisfaction level of employees on organizational commitment. Abstract: The main objective of our project is to find out the relationship between the Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment in the Textile Industry. Our motive would be to visit a textile industry nearby and to study the behavior of employees with respect to the financial and non-financial factors. This would help us to find all those factors which actually lead to Job Satisfaction of an employee. This study will help us to determine whether reward system, job meaningfulness, job related stress, training are predictors of organizational commitment affects the Job Satisfaction and Commitment and are these factors are really helpful in enhancing the productivity and efficiency of the workers. Also, we will be able to establish the significant relationship between supervisory roles, and job related stress and organization commitment. Objectives: I. To ascertain whether the measures of job satisfaction considered in this study are predictors of organizational commitment. II. To analyze the significant relationship of achievement, recognition, responsibility, on organizational commitment. III. To assess the alliance of advancement, the work itself and growth factors with organizational commitment. IV. To determine the significant association between supervision, company policies, work conditions and organizational commitment. V. To analyze the relation between salary, security, status...
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...ABBREVIATIONS 3 1. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 4 1.1. AN OVERVIEW 4 1.2. PROBLEM DEFINITION 4 1.3. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE 4 1.4. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 5 1.4.1 MODEL VARIABLES 6 1.4.1.1 Dependent variable 6 1.4.1.2 Independent variables 6 1.4.2 RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS 6 1.4.3 RESEARCH LIMITATIONS 6 1.5. RESEARCH QUESTIONS 7 1.5.1 MAJOR QUESTIONS 7 1.5.2 MINOR QUESTIONS 7 1.6. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 7 1.6.1 RESEARCH TYPE 7 1.6.2 SAMPLING 7 1.6.3 DATA ANALYSIS METHODS 8 1.6.4 DATA ANALYSIS METHOD 8 1.7. THESIS STRUCTURE 8 2. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 9 2.1. INTRODUCTION 9 2.1.1 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 9 2.1.2 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH 9 2.2. PREVIOUS STUDIES 9 2.2.1 REASONS BEHIND EMPLOYEE TURNOVER 9 2.2.2 SYMPTOMS THAT ORGANIZATION FACE IN RESPONSE OF TURNOVER 10 2.2.3 COSTS OF EMPLOYEE TURNOVER 11 2.2.4 MANAGING TURNOVER THROUGH SELECTION 11 2.2.5 THE FORMATION OF AN EFFECTIVE RETENTION MANAGEMENT PROGRAM 11 3. CHAPTER 3: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND RESEARCH DESIGN 12 3.1. INTRODUCTION 12 3.2. PROBLEM DEFINITION 12 3.3. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE 12 3.4. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 13 3.4.1 DEPENDENT VARIABLES 14 3.4.2 INDEPENDENT VARIABLES 15 3.4.3 MODERATING VARIABLES 15 3.4.4 RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS 15 3.4.5 RESEARCH LIMITATIONS 16 3.5. RESEARCH QUESTIONS 16 3.5.1 MAJOR QUESTIONS 16 3.5.2 MINOR QUESTIONS 16 3.5.3 HYPOTHESIS 16 3.6. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 18 3.6.1 RESEARCH TYPE 18 3.6.2 DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENT AND SOURCE 18 3.6.2.1 Exit Interviews: 18 ...
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...Background of Study Work environments have become more complex and sophisticated in such a way that emphasizing on improving the human resource determines the success of the organization. Most organizations today face tremendous challenges from external environment, including an uncertain economy, continued globalization of markets, and rapidly advancing technology. Organizations are also facing major internal challenges, many of them resulting in restructuring, re-engineering and downsizing in the form of mergers and acquisition. With the increasing challenges resulting from internal and external environment, organizations can succeed by emphasizing on certain decisive factors that affect the work related outcomes of their employees (Kuchinke, 1999). Assessment of effective leadership styles in organizations has therefore become more critical for employees’ work related outcomes such as job satisfaction and organizational commitment (Earle, 1996). To run organizations smoothly, effectively and efficiently, the most valuable and indispensable factor organizations need is human resource (Mosadragh, 2003). Well-qualified and capable personnel are important in context of achieving goals and objectives of an organization. The success of an organization depends on hard working, loyal and involved managers and employees. Ulrich (2002) argued that the competitive edge of companies no longer lies in its product, but in its human resource. In this modern era where the world has become a global...
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