...enterprise planning and control systems, product data management tools and complex back office systems for global service and support are finding these techniques to be more cost effective, adaptable and lean improving user requests for changing software functionality, processes and improved deployment strategies (Applegate, Austin, & McFarlan, 2002). This paper will compare and contrast three team oriented programming environments including Rational, Unified Modeling and Extreme Programming and will describe the impact of these programming environments on group software development. Literature Review of Software Trends The traditional methods of systems planning and investment decision making in the last century have given pause to leaders who witnessed costs in design, implementation and deployment of software skyrocket, created armies of support teams to operate and manage the software products and forced many firms into bankruptcy. Companies who have successfully implemented enterprise systems are now seeking more adaptive infrastructure deployments, software end-user functional value, and more adaptable learning approaches from the traditional waterfall design and deployment approach of the 90s (Applegate, Austin, & McFarlan, 2002). As computing systems have advanced to distributed computing models and web services integrate ubiquitous computing programs, companies are experiencing an infinite backlog of software projects, many of which fail to meet user needs because requirements...
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...Success with Unified Communications Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Unification and Change ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Microsoft and Unified Communications.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 2 Unified Communications Purchase Drivers and Process................................................................................................................................................................. 3 IT Organization Purchase Drivers ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Business Organization Purchase Drivers.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 A Model of the UC Purchase Process...........
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...What is UML? UML, short for Unified Modelling Language, is a standardized modelling language that enables developers to specify, visualize, construct and design outcomes of a software system. UML is structured so that it enables scalability, security and robust execution under stressful conditions and the structure must be defined clearly enough so that when an issue occurs, maintenance programmers can quickly find the bug and fix it. When talking about large enterprise applications, these programs must be designed to work perfectly. A well designed architecture benefits any program and not just large ones. The structure is a way of dealing with complexity, so the advantages of structure, and of modelling and design, compound as the application...
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...the effectiveness and limitation of implementing and managing a Project Management Methodology. Project Methodology achieve benefits of business, produce, improve products, services, design and develop systems, and invest in company infrastructure through project activities (Davies & Hobday, 2005; Shenhar & Dvir, 2007). Standardizing these project activities by means of formalized, generic PMMs (Gunnarson, Linde, & Loid, 2000). It improves project performance by means of ensuring successful management, development, and delivery of information technology. Project remains the top priority of most organization (Yardley, 2002; Wysocki, 2007; Standish Group, 2010). Project management methodologies (PPMs) are frequently adopted with the aim of increasing project efficiency and effectiveness, embracing methods of planning, organising, controlling, directing and reporting. It creates structures for responsibility and accountability of project resources. The structure created involves appointing a project manager who carries vital responsibility on the initializing, implementing and management of the project in Cassdav Resources Limited which is in the Information Technology sector to attain its goals. The PMM is a requirement for project planning, including risk assessment, cost estimation, forecasting and economic evaluation. It can fit in any project type, designed and implemented to regulate project management processes in order to keep a focus on other critical performance...
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...Project Management in the OSCE A Manual for Programme and Project Managers Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Development, Coordination and Design This manual is designed and developed by the OSCE Secretariat’s Conflict Prevention Centre, Programming and Evaluation Support Unit (CPC/PESU). Main Author: Sebnem Lust, Programme and Project Evaluation Officer Co-Authors: Laura Vai, Head of Programming and Evaluation Support Unit Sean McGreevy, Project Co-ordination Officer Editor: Keith Jinks Designer: Nona Reuter Published by the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe OSCE Secretariat CPC/PESU Wallnerstrasse 6 1010 Vienna Austria Telephone: +43 1 514 36 6122 Fax: +43 1 514 36 6996 www.osce.org Email: pcc-at@osce.org © 2010 OSCE ISBN: 978-92-9234-301-9 Rights and Permissions: All rights reserved. The contents of this publication may be freely used and copied for educational and other non-commercial purposes, provided that any such reproduction is accompanied by an acknowledgement of the OSCE as the source. ii Acknowledgements This manual contains comprehensive guidance on how the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe applies the Project Cycle Management method and the Logical Framework Approach to its project work, as well as essential information on the political, programmatic, regulatory and information technology aspects of project management. The manual’s purpose is to ensure coherence, consistency and transparency...
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...Methodologies By NAVEEN KARKONDA Id#110-00-4907 Abstract: Software Development Methodologies have always been the main focus in the software development life cycle of any project. Each evolutionary shift introduced new ways of thinking and viewing problems as well as introducing strengths and weaknesses in software development. However, identifying one stop solution in terms of a software development methodology for enterprise wide application development whose various sub-components or sub-stages can be best used to describe a software development scenario is still an evolving domain. This, coupled with the reality that computer science and its allied areas like information systems and information technology domains are moving forward rapidly with regards to available technologies, making it extremely difficult task for practitioners to maintain pace with the available information technologies and their application in various domains. It is to address these scenarios and probabilities that this research paper examines various software development methodologies or process models and their impact on the overall software development life cycle. 1. Introduction: Software Development Methodologies have always been the main focus during the software development life cycle of any project. Over the past 40 years, there have been significant paradigm shifts in software development, such as structured programming, object oriented programming and now Extreme programming...
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...Clarity Case Study Reliance Case Study Unified OSS How Lean Operations and High Growth Have Worked for Reliance 2 |Reliance Case Study Rajeev Singhal Rajeev Singhal has more than 10 years experience in Operations and IT divisions in the Telecom Industry. He has traveled extensively across the globe and has worked with leading mobile operators in Europe and North America. Rajeev has been instrumental in setting up key systems and business processes for a greenfield operator. He has experience in integration across CRM, Billing, GIS and a host of network elements in voice and next generation data networks. Rajeev heads the design and development of OSS applications portfolio spanning Global, Enterprise, Broadband and 2G Wireless Services at Reliance Communications which is one of the worlds largest and fastest growing telecommunications service provider. Rajeev holds a B. Engg (Hons) in Electronics and Telecommunications from Allahabad University and an MBA from N.M.I.M.S Mumbai. Rajeev Singhal is the Head of OSS for Reliance Communications This paper is based on a case study, presented by Rajeev Singhal, OSS Head, Reliance Communications, at the Frost and Sullivan OSS BSS Asia Pacific Summit, March 2008, Singapore. 3 | Reliance Case Study Introduction “India is still basking in the glow of becoming the world's fastest-growing mobile phone market," said Kalcina. "Last year alone, the number of mobile phone subscribers in India nearly doubled from the previous...
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...Decision Support System SYNOPSIS DSS Development 1. General idea of design and development process approaches: a. Traditional systems analysis and design, SDLC approach. b. An iterative, speedy prototyping c. Managers can develop their own personal DSS 2. Investigate alternative designs along with the development process approaches a. Building effective DSS is important matter b. Choose an approach that increases the chances of benefits of DSS c. Building a DSS is a difficult task since different employees have different job responsibilities and take different decisions. 3. Decision oriented Design Approach a. Pre design description and diagnosis of decision making functions b. Diagnosis of current decision making is to be prepared c. Determine how decisions are currently made 4. Decision orientation is the key a. Specify changes in decision process b. Flow chart the process c. Specify what specific improvements in the decision performance are to be made 5. Diagnostic Steps a. Collect data on present decision making b. Use interviews, observations or pervious records. c. Establish a logical description of the same d. Specify a norm as to how a decision should be made 6. Decision process audit plan a. What will be audited and by whom? b. Examine and diagram the process? c. Observe and collect data? d. Evaluate performance e. Reporting and recommendations are done accordingly 1 Decision Support System 7. Reaching a diagnosis a. Focus on identifying...
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...SDLC Intro Systems Development Life Cycle, or SDLC, is the entire process of building, deploying, using, and updating an information system (Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process – Satzinger, Jackson, and Burd). It is a conceptual model that is used in project management and describes the stages that are comprised within an information system. One of the oldest models of SDLC is the Waterfall Approach. It is a series of junctures in which the output of each juncture becomes the input for the next. The 7 phases involved in this model are Project Planning, Systems Analysis, Systems Design, Implementation, Integration/Testing, Deployment, and Maintenance. Project Planning establishes the objectives and goals of the intended project. It also determines how to accomplish the project in the best possible way. Systems Analysis filters project goals into well-defined functions and operation of the intended project. This phase analyzes end-user information needs. Systems Design defines desired features and operations in detail. It includes screen layouts, business rules, process diagrams, pseudo code and other documentation. Implementation deals with the actual development of the system where it is built and programmed. Integration/Testing is the phase where the system is put into test. It is checked for errors, bugs, and interoperability. Deployment Phase is the final stage of the initial development. The system is carried out and put into production...
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...UML concepts, the main diagram types, and the role of those diagrams within the software development process. If you're quite new to UML this will serve as a practical introduction that will help you make sense of the rest of the book, before you move on to further reading. If you're experienced with UML the chapter will serve as handy revision and you might just find some nuggets of information that have so far eluded you. Either way we'll all be moving on from roughly the same starting point: with the same appreciation of UML notation, with an understanding of relevant software development processes, and with a common bias towards .NET and the Visio for Enterprise Architects tool. The final point is quite important, and the raison d'être for this book. In recent years the body of UML literature has focused mainly on Java development and the use of modeling tools such as Rational Rose. In this book we're applying a .NET development perspective at the same time as demonstrating the so far under-documented Visio modeling tool that comes bundled with the Visual Studio .NET Enterprise Architect. With all this in mind we can now press on with the introduction to – or revision of, depending on your background – the Unified Modeling Language. What is the Unified Modeling Language? When discussing UML, we need to establish one important point right up front. The Unified Modeling Language is a notation ; that is a set of diagrams and diagram elements that may be arranged...
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...as an idea; then it is designed, built, and deployed during a development project; and finally it is put into production and used to support the business.” There are numerous approaches used during the life cycle development. One approach is a more definitive method with risks that are relatively low, this approach is predictive. Meanwhile, on the other hand another approach that is more undefined, with risks that are much higher technically, because there is no well-defined understanding of what the user needs are, this approach is known as adaptive. There are many employees (project manager, system analyst, developer), as well as others (customers, investors, and even suppliers) who have a stake in and are involved in the SDLC process, their roles differ largely as well. The role of the Project Manager is central to the entire SDLC process, this individual is involved closely, and is very much needed, and without management being heavily involved it is likely the process will fall apart. Project managers ensure that there are no resource shortages, such as staff, budgetary requirements, and other necessary elements that may hinder the project. Management plays a pivotal role in the initiation process, once a determination is made; next decision to follow is which approach to take to develop the actual system. Development of a system varies in size, and may last 30 days for smaller projects and can extend for a year or even more for larger scale system developments...
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...Agile Project Management What are the Benefits and Challenges? What is Agile Project Management? ○ Agile Project Management is family of incremental, iterative development methods for Completing Projects What is Agile Project Management? ○ Agile project management is related to a rolling wave and scheduling product Methodology ( Larson, 594) ○ This type of project management allows more things to get completed using the same people and resources. What is Agile Project Management? ○ This type of project management allows more things to get completed using the same people and resources. Agile Project Management When the project team makes the change from traditional project management to agile project management there will be some adaption of the process needed by the team. The team will need to change their entire thought process. https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=ioYMSyCCVgc ○ The use of communication in agile project management ○ Communication is the Key process in Agile Project management Communication ○ Customer Involvement helps to make sure that the customer is satisfied with the project on each step of the process. ○ Stakeholders and Business owners may initiate a project but may not actually do any of the work Iterations ○ Agile project management users Iterations ○ Iterations are short time frames that typically last from one to four weeks in length Variety of...
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...Implementation -> Development In the real world, software development is totally different * We make mistakes * The client’s requirements change while the software product is being developed * Moving target problem Iteration and Incrementation In real life, we cannot speak about “the design ” * Instead, the operations of the design phase are spread out over the life cycle * We keep returning to earlier workflows The basic software development process is iterative * Each successive version is closer to its target than its predecessor Miller’s Law At any one time, we can concentrate on only approximately seven chunks (units of information) To handle larger amounts of information, use stepwise refinement * Concentrate on the seven aspects that are currently the most important * Postpone aspects that are currently less critical * Every aspect is eventually handled, but in order of current importance This is an incremental process Incrementation The number of increments will vary — it does not have to be four Sequential phases do not exist in the real world Instead, the five core workflows (activities) are performed over the entire life cycle * Requirements workflow * Analysis workflow * Design workflow * Implementation workflow * Test workflow Workflows All five core workflows are performed over the entire life cycle However, at most times one workflow predominates ...
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...many of the functions that effect our lives critically. They are now controlling all forms of monetary transactions, manufacturing, transportation, communication, defence systems, process control systems, and so on. In the near future, they will be found in our homes, controlling all forms of appliances. Left to themselves, they are harmless pieces of hardware. Load the right kind of software, they can take you to the moon, both literally and figuratively. It is the software that gives life to them.When they are going to play such a crucial role, one small flaw either in the hardware or the software can lead to catastrophic consequences. The sad part is, while there are well defined processes based on theoretical foundations to ensure the reliability of the hardware, same thing can not be said about software. There is no theory for software devlopment as yet. But at the same time, it is mandatory that software always behaves in a predictable manner, even in unforeseen circumstances. Hence there is a need to control its development through a well defined and systematic process. The old fashioned 'code & test' approach will not do any more. It may be good enough for 'toy' problems, but in real life, software is expected to solve enormously complex problems. Some of the aspects of real life software projects are: Team effort: Any large development effort requires the services of a team of specialists. For example the team could consist of domain experts, software design experts...
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...Six Sigma (mainly through case studies and action research), there has been little written on the journey towards the integration of the two approaches. This paper aims to examine the integration of lean principles with Six Sigma methodology as a coherent approach to continuous improvement, and provides a conceptual model for their successful integration. Design/methodology/approach – Desk research and a literature review of each separate approach is provided, followed by a view of the literature of the integrated approach. Findings – No standard framework for lean Six Sigma or its implementation exists. A systematic approach needs to be adopted, which optimises systems as a whole, focusing the right strategies in the correct places. Originality/value – This paper contributes to knowledge by providing an insight into the evolution of the lean Six Sigma paradigm. It is suggested that a clear integration of the two approaches must be achieved, with sufficient scientific underpinning. Keywords Lean production, Six sigma Paper type Literature review 1. Introduction The Toyota Production System (TPS) provided the basis for what is now known as lean thinking, as popularised by Womack and Jones (1996). The development of this approach to manufacturing began shortly after the Second World War, pioneered by Taiichi Ohno and associates, while employed by the Toyota motor company. Forced by shortages in both capital and resources, Eiji Toyoda instructed his workers to eliminate all waste...
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