...Use of Force by Police in Law Enforcement Name Institution Professor Course Date Abstract This paper seeks to explore the use of force among police officers in law enforcement in urban cities and how it relates with common variables regarding police officers. Some of the police variables that will be discussed include race, education, experience, age. These variables will be comprehensively studied so as to ascertain if there exists any relationship among these variables and use of force among police office in law enforcement. Introduction The use of force presents one of the most controversial sectors of law enforcement in any given society. Recent developments have escalated concern about police use of force. These ranges from properly publicized occurrences involving accusations of excessive force to the inception of violent policing whose frequent emphasis is on zero tolerance law enforcement. The kind of police actions that most provoke public concern include fatal shootings, severe beatings with fists or batons that result in hospitalization of the victims, choke holds that cause oblivion or even death. The use of force by law enforcement personnel is permitted by law under certain circumstances such as in self-defense or in defense of another individual or group of persons (Barrett 2008). Law enforcement officers receive direction from their respective agencies on when to apply force during law enforcement, but there exists no universal set of regulations...
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...Use of Force by Police in Law Enforcement Name Institution Professor Course Date Abstract This paper seeks to explore the use of force among police officers in law enforcement in urban cities and how it relates with common variables regarding police officers. Some of the police variables that will be discussed include race, education, experience, age. These variables will be comprehensively studied so as to ascertain if there exists any relationship among these variables and use of force among police office in law enforcement. Introduction The use of force presents one of the most controversial sectors of law enforcement in any given society. Recent developments have escalated concern about police use of force. These ranges from properly publicized occurrences involving accusations of excessive force to the inception of violent policing whose frequent emphasis is on zero tolerance law enforcement. The kind of police actions that most provoke public concern include fatal shootings, severe beatings with fists or batons that result in hospitalization of the victims, choke holds that cause oblivion or even death. The use of force by law enforcement personnel is permitted by law under certain circumstances such as in self-defense or in defense of another individual or group of persons (Barrett 2008). Law enforcement officers receive direction from their respective agencies on when to apply force during law enforcement, but there exists no universal set of regulations...
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...All police should be required to have tertiary qualifications. Why/Why not? Introduction - Tertiary qualifications in policing ensure that candidates are capable, efficient, strong officers who are ready to serve and protect the community after training has ceased and progressively throughout their time as officers. - This essay will discuss and explain why it is beneficial for officers to have a tertiary qualification on entry into the police force. - The requirement of a tertiary education is linked to police officers performing at a higher level when on duty, it is associated with the use of force and officers attitudes towards the job than that of the counterpart thus, facing less disciplinary action. Ground 1: Police officers with a tertiary education are better performers and have higher standards of professionalism Policing is a difficult and complex job and requires individuals to be able to perform to a high standard and requires necessary skills to effectively complete the job whilst also moving up in ranks within the police force. - A tertiary education is linked to equipping officers with skills that will help them peform in the position. Officers learn the necessary skills that are required and and build upon these skills to ensure once they are sworn in as general duties constables, they are able to perform adequately and to a high degree of standard. - A study by Smith & Aamodt in Virginia, USA, showed that tertiary educated officers did perform...
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...All police should be required to have tertiary qualifications. Why/ why not? Gaining tertiary qualifications is a large commitment but research has shown that police officers who do have tertiary qualifications, set, and have higher standards. Firstly this essay will argue that police officers with higher education are less likely to use force as a means for compliance. Secondly, police officers with tertiary qualifications display a greater understanding of human behaviour in regards to the community and societal issues. Lastly, this essay will argue that police officers with tertiary qualifications have overall better job performance and attitudes. Therefore this essay will show that police officers should be required to have tertiary qualifications as it allows for a better style of policing. Ensuring police officers have tertiary qualifications will reduce the risk of police officers abusing their authority, therefore societal fear should subside. Research conducted by Paoline III and Terrill (2007) using two data sets (the systematic social observation of police officers and interviews with those officers) shows that having tertiary qualifications will reduce the possibility of police officers using force as a means for compliance. The systematic social observation approach provided data comparing officers with high school education with officers with some form of college/university education and those with a bachelor degree. The results showed that those with a bachelor...
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...American Bar Association wrote “police need personnel in their ranks who have the characteristics a college education seeks to foster: intellectual curiosity, analytical ability, articulateness, and a capacity to relate the events of the day to the social, political, and historical context in which they occur” (Peak, 2008, p. 384). Much of the debate concerning education in policing became mainstream with the civil rights movement at which time law enforcement was center stage in what some perceived as persecution of African Americans in the South. Fast forward 45 years and law enforcement is once again faced with the real or perceived issues of persecuting those within the minority communities. It was believed in the late 1960’s...
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...Unit 9 Assignment Kaplan University CJ211: Police Operations Police Technology has evolved so much from the time of the first modern officer. With population increasing, law enforcement officers needed technology that gave them the chance to do their jobs quicker and better. Instead of having to shoot a suspect, officers now have less than lethal weaponry which makes it possible to incapacitate using different methods. Crime mapping allows police departments to find correlations between crimes in different areas of the city. In order for law enforcement officers to contain traffic pursuits they now use pursuit management technology which helps to stop a pursuit before something gets damaged or somebody gets hurt. Police officers sometimes have to deal with violent, combative people and while dealing with them have to keep in mind the use-of-force protocols. Less-lethal technologies give police an alternative to using physical force options that potentially are more dangerous to the officers and the suspects (National Institute of Justice). There are seven types of less-than lethal technology. Conducted Energy Devices, such as the Taser and Stun gun, can induce involuntary muscle contractions that temporarily incapacitate people. Directed Energy Devices use radiated energy to achieve the same effect as blunt force, without injury. Chemicals, including pepper spray, tear gas, and stink bombs, are used to incapacitate suspects so officers can catch them and get...
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...discretion. Police discretion is the ability granted by the legal system to police offices, in certain situations, to act in a manner that allows authorities to make responsible decisions and individual choices or judgments, within certain legal bounds. In law enforcement, discretion is left up to each individual officer to make reasonable and responsible decisions out in the field everyday (Beech, 2008). Discretion is used in many situations, such as when an officer chooses to stop a vehicle for a small traffic violation. There are also times when the officer has no choice but to use specific discretion in certain situations and make a decision on what type of force is necessary for certain situations (Elicker, 2007). Society believes that an officer can make any choice he or she chooses at anytime while on the job, which is highly incorrect as there are many situations when an officer has no choice but to follow the law. For the most part every officer has a choice when to use or not to use discretion, and enforce the law, but allowing this choice to be made by individuals, who may seem like an average member of society, can pose a real threat regarding the misuse of such power (Delattre, 2006). Police discretion though it relates to decisions about whether or not a chargeof the police officer in that situation where force may be required. Police officers are given a wide range of options when confronted by a potentially dangerous situation. They can decide to use capsicum spray...
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...Policing Culture CJA/214 Policing Culture Whether you’re interested in becoming a Fish and Wildlife enforcement officer or just a Law Enforcement Officer and you have a strong desire to protect and serve your community or a state and federal area. There are many departments within every city, but they have their own recruitment and selection process. Many of the smaller agencies recruitment and selection process mimics that of the larger local Police Departments, this is due to the strong relationship all agencies have with within their states. “No specific formula exists for recruiting and maintaining the ideal officer, and many of those who were once considered ideal may experience stress, burnout, personal problems, and ultimately may cause more harm than good” (Grant, H.B. & Terry, 2012). Primarily the first steps to becoming a Law Enforcement Officer is to apply for a Law Enforcement recruit positions. One must first meet the minimum application requirements examples are: [pic] High School Education Verification, Birth Certificate, Driver's License copy, copy of DD214 if[pic] applicable, [pic]Next is the selection process, [pic]based on information[pic] submitted in the resume, the HR staff will evaluate the resume to make certain that the candidate meets the minimum credentials. Information on the submission documents will be confirmed later in the background investigation process. It is the accountability of the applicant to be frank and to provide correct...
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...Aspects of Policing ROBERT COLOMBO INTRODUCTION TO POLICE THEORY AND PRACTICES/ CJA 214 05282011 MR. ALAN HAZEN Policing is a diverse and prestige way of life. Policing is a subculture within society that is held to a higher standard due to a job that requires one make decisions in reference to taking away free individuals constitutional rights. Within the cultures of the policing society there are rules, policies, and regulations that have to be followed in order to ensure the citizens are being treated fairly but also making sure the law is being enforced correctly and without “Color of Law” violations. Issues such as use of force, utilizing weapons in certain manners at certain times, using technology and resources to best of the abilities of the department and officers within them, and other issues in policing, especially dealing with homeland security. A lot of issues encompass the policing community. Policing or law enforcement is a dangerous way of life. An officer faces the unknown at all times and the results of the wrong technique performed or practiced could result in a disastrous outcome. No matter what the dangers an officer faces there are more and more citizens becoming police officers daily. “Amazingly, though, despite the dangers of the job and the mounting challenges they must face, more than 800,000 sworn law-enforcement officers across our nation put their lives at risk each and every day to keep America safe.” (Floyd, 2007) When an officer...
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...Prep GMAT Practice Questions | GMAT Study Guide | MBA Admissions GMAT AWA Sample Essay Analysis of An Argument "The recent surge in violence in the southern part of the city is a result of a shortage of police officers and an absence of leadership on the part of the city council. In order to rectify the burgeoning growth of crime that threatens the community, the city council must address this issue seriously. Instead of spending time on peripheral issues such as education quality, community vitality, and job opportunity, the city council must realize that the crime issue is serious and double the police force, even if this action requires budget cuts from other city programs." In the argument above, the author concludes that the city council is not doing its job well and needs to focus on expanding significantly the police force in order to combat recent growth in the level of crime. The premise of the argument is that crime is expanding while the city council focuses on ostensibly unrelated matters such as education reform. However, the argument is flawed because it falsely assumes that the city council’s efforts to improve quality of life are entirely unrelated to levels of violence and it assumes that the crime problem can be solved by merely increasing the police force. First, the argument wrongly assumes that issues of educational opportunity, community vitality, and job availability have no bearing on crime. However, the author fails to support this assumption. It is...
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...Prep GMAT Practice Questions | GMAT Study Guide | MBA Admissions GMAT AWA Sample Essay Analysis of An Argument "The recent surge in violence in the southern part of the city is a result of a shortage of police officers and an absence of leadership on the part of the city council. In order to rectify the burgeoning growth of crime that threatens the community, the city council must address this issue seriously. Instead of spending time on peripheral issues such as education quality, community vitality, and job opportunity, the city council must realize that the crime issue is serious and double the police force, even if this action requires budget cuts from other city programs." In the argument above, the author concludes that the city council is not doing its job well and needs to focus on expanding significantly the police force in order to combat recent growth in the level of crime. The premise of the argument is that crime is expanding while the city council focuses on ostensibly unrelated matters such as education reform. However, the argument is flawed because it falsely assumes that the city council’s efforts to improve quality of life are entirely unrelated to levels of violence and it assumes that the crime problem can be solved by merely increasing the police force. First, the argument wrongly assumes that issues of educational opportunity, community vitality, and job availability have no bearing on crime. However, the author fails to support this assumption. It is...
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...Royal Thai Police Primary responsibility for the maintenance of public order through enforcement of the kingdom's laws was exercised by the Thailand National Police Department (TNPD), a subdivision of the Ministry of Interior. Charged with performing police functions throughout the entire country, the TNPD was a unitary agency whose power and influence in Thai national life had at times rivaled that of the army. The formal functions of the TNPD included more than the enforcement of laws and apprehension of offenders. The department also played an important role in the government's efforts to suppress the remnants of the insurgency. In the event of an invasion by external forces, much of the police force would come under the control of the Ministry of Defense to serve with, but not be incorporated into, the military forces. Originally modeled on the pre-World War II national police force of Japan, the TNPD was reorganized several times to meet changing public order and internal security needs. American advice, training, and equipment, which were provided from 1951 through the early 1970s, did much to introduce new law enforcement concepts and practices and to aid in the modernization of the TNPD. During this era the strength and effectiveness of the police grew steadily. All components of the police system were administered by the TNPD headquarters in Bangkok, which also provided technical support for law enforcement activities throughout the kingdom. The major operational...
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...How Can We Reduce the Police`s Use of Excessive Force? Police`s use of excessive force happens in the United States every year. Even more, excessive force by police causes a thousand civilians to be killed in 2014 (Scott Shackford). In the quote, “We have an incredible warrior class in this country. People in law enforcement, intelligence and I thank God every night we have them standing fast to protect us from the tremendous amount of evil that exists in the world” by Brad Thor, describes clearly about police, and they have seen as a shield for civilians. They can protect civilians from the harms from criminals. On the other hand, a lot of civilians get over harm during law enforcement. If we want police to become better effect for communities, the top priority is that we need reduce the police use of excessive force. First of all, police should wear body camera to reduce police brutality. According to the article, “Self-Awareness to Being Watched and Socially-Desirable Behavior: A Field Experiment on the Effect of Body-Worn Cameras on Police Use-of-Force." By Barak Ariel, PhD describes “body cameras can give police some limitation by creating self-awareness. (8)” Once they want to abuse their power, they will think that they can get punishment from those evidences recorded by cameras. Second of all, ethics training reduces excessive force significantly. Furthermore, it can improve police ethics during the law enforcement, and it will help them thinking before they pull trigger...
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...Police Killings of Unarmed Blacks Introduction According to Fox News, the recent Baltimore riots following the controversial arrest and death of Freddie Gray has left the city with an estimated $20 million in damages (FoxNews, May 28 2015). Besides these damages caused by Baltimore riots, the long-lasting economic impact in Baltimore is even larger than that of natural disasters since businesses see Baltimore as a less attractive place to invest. Additionally, earlier in 2014, after Michael Brown’s shooting and Eric Garner’s chokehold death, violent protests against police killings of unarmed blacks had already taken place across America in many cities. Those outbursts led to huge economic loss and were harmful for social stability. Freddie Gray, Michael Brown and Eric Garner were not the only black unarmed men killed by police. The Guardian’s statistics illustrates how disproportionately black Americans are killed by police: among the 102 unarmed victims killed by police this year, 32% were African Americans compared with 15% of white people (Swaine, Laughland and Lartey, June 1 2015). In other words, unarmed black Americans were more than twice as likely to be killed during encounters with police as white people. Consequently, those outbursts or protests are rooted in legitimate anger toward a justice system that has in many ways failed them. Not as simple as "thugs" and "criminals" Some public and leaders consider Gray’s death not serious enough...
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... Turkish Journal of Police Studies Vol: 9 (1-4) A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE POLICE TRAINING IN THE UNITED KINGDOM, THE UNITED STATES AND TURKEY ngiltere, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve Türkiye’deki Polis Eğitimlerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Bakış Cemil DOĞUTAŞ* Osman DOLU ** Serdar Kenan GÜL*** Özet olis eğitimi konusunda dünyada farklı ülkeler süre ve içerik yönüyle farklı yöntemler uygulamaktadırlar. Türkiye’deki geleneksel teori ağırlıklı ve uzun süreli olan polis eğitimine karşın ngiltere ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde polis eğitiminin daha kısa ve uygulama merkezli olduğu göze çarpmaktadır. Bu nedenle de bu ülkelerdeki polislik anlayışı ve polisiye uygulamalar da farklılık arz etmektedir. Bu çalışma ngiltere, ABD ve Türkiye’deki polis eğitim sistemlerini karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edecek, güçlü ve zayıf yönlerini inceleyerek benzer ve farklı yanlarını ortaya koyacaktır. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma, söz konusu ülkelerdeki en iyi uygulamalar ışığında daha iyi bir polis eğitiminin nasıl olması gerektiği konusunda öneriler getirecektir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Polis Eğitimi, Teorik Eğitim, Uygulamalı Eğitim, Müfredat. Abstract here are different practices in police training in different parts of the world in terms of their content and length. Police training in the United Kingdom and the United States are relatively short and practice-oriented compared to the long and theory-oriented training tradition in Turkey. Therefore, policing philosophy and police practices in these countries...
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