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The Value and the Relevance of Tourism Industry

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Submitted By Aude
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Introduction:
The World Tourism Organization defines tourism as “the activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited”. This year, 1 035 billion people will go to discover another country. Europe remains the preferred destination for those tourists who need to be patient to be able to visit the Acropolis or climb to the top of the Eiffel Tower. This practice has become almost commonplace today for a privileged part of the Western world. “The past 20 years have witnessed enormous changes in the world, and tourism principles and practice have also changed in that time, reflecting the dynamics of the world in which we now live”. (Fletcher, Fyall, Gilbert and Wanhill 2013: preface). In fifty years, the number of tourists has increased from 25 million in 1950 to 702 million in 2000.
Today, the tourism industry represents more than a third of the whole world trade of services. Indeed, tourism accounted for 9 % of GDP and 1 in 11 global jobs. Over the past decade, the rate of international tourism increased by 4% on average, per year. By 2019, the World Tourism Organization expects that the sector will account for 10% of GDP, 1 in 10 global jobs and will supply 296 million jobs at the world level.
These figures make it clear that the tourism industry has now become a major economic sector in its own right. From these findings, it is possible to discuss the value and relevance of tourism today. In this essay, it is possible to ask if the changes that tourism creates can be either positive or negative, from an economic, social and environmental perspective.
The economic impacts of the tourism industry
Tourism contributes significantly to the economies of countries,

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