...The Versailles Treaty The Treaty of Versailles was the PEACE settlement signed after World War I ended in 1918 and in the shadow of the Russian Revolution and other events in Russia. The treaty was signed at the vast Versailles Palace near Paris between Germany and the Allies. The three most important politicians were there David Lloyd George of Britain Georges Clemenceau of France and Woodrow Wilson of the United States. The Versailles Palace was considered the most appropriate venue because of its size many hundreds of people were involved in the process and the final signing ceremony in the Hall of Mirrors could accommodate hundreds of dignitaries. The Paris Peace Conference opened on 12th January 1919, meetings were held at various locations in and around Paris until 20th January, 1920. Leaders of 32 states representing about 75% of the world's population, attended. Negotiations were dominated by the five major powers responsible for defeating what was called the Central Power the United States, Britain, France Italy and Japan. Eventually five treaties emerged from the conference that dealt with the defeated powers. The five treaties were named after the Paris suburbs of Versailles of Germany, St Germain of Austria, Trianon of Hungary, Neuilly of Bulgaria and Serves of Turkey. The main terms of the Versailles Treaty were: (1) the surrender of all German colonies as League of Nations mandates. (2) the return of Alsace-Lorraine to France. (3) cession of Eupen-Malmedy to...
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...Were Economic Problems the Main Consequence of the Treaty of Versailles for Germany in the Years 1919-1933? Throughout 1919 to 1933 Germany made many socio-economic decisions based on The Treaty of Versailles. This essay explores the extent and importance of economic policies implemented that are related to the Treaty of Versailles and whether they were the main consequence that came of it. The essay is divided into one side agreeing with the statement and one disagreeing with the statement. Economic Problems were largely the main consequence of the Treaty of Versailles and played a vital role in the instability and volatility of the Weimar Republic. At the end of the war many countries had to rebuild, especially after the widespread devastation and financial ruin that the war left them in. Germany, just like Britain and France had to recover, however at the Treaty of Versailles they were made out to be guilty and therefore had to pay huge reparations; this was a double blow to Germany , on top of rebuilding costs Germany had to pay 132 Billion Marks (equivalent of $33 Billion). This, coupled with the already outstanding war debt of 150 Billion marks crippled the government financially. The pressure took its toll and when Germany failed to pay its reparations (December 1922) the Ruhr was resultantly taken away. With no industrial and agricultural output the crisis escalated rapidly; inflation became hyperinflation. Hyperinflation was devastating the economy, causing widespread...
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...------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Bottom of Form The Treaty of Versailles was the agreement that was signed at the end of World War I. It placed blame on the war squarely on the shoulders of Germany and imposed great punishments that harmed the country and its people. The Germans immediately protested the potential damage outlined in the treaty. According to the German complaints, the Treaty had the effect of making Germany a debtor slave to the other powers of Europe. After reading the article, Comments of the German Delegation to the Paris Peace Conference on the Conditions of Peace, this argument is clearly focused with the following points, that Germany will be administered like a bankruptcy case by the victorious nations of France and England. Germany must pay reparations, in the amount of $35 billion, which is illogical. The control of Germany's rivers and construction of infrastructure by outside powers will hamper Germany's economic development. The property of German citizens abroad will be annexed and they will not be permitted to conduct trade with the civilized world. While outlining the economic difficulty that Germany will endure under the treaty, the Germans point to how Wilson's vision for peace was compromised. In the article, the following points were made about that contradiction. Wilson did not place blame on a single country for starting the war, but rather the institutions and alliances that existed prior. The treaty places blame on Germany. Wilson's vision for...
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...To end World War 1 the Treaty of Versailles was signed (International Conciliation, 1919). Through the Treaty Germany was blamed for the war and was punished. This caused economical issues for Germany to face, and a loss of self-determination (International Conciliation, 1919). Some people believed Germany was not punished enough for the war and Germany believed they should have been treated differently. Germany was blamed for all of the events that took place during World War 1 and the German economy suffered from this (International Conciliation, 1919). The Treaty damaged Germany’s economy by not returning their confiscated goods back to them and also by using them to pay for the damages of the war (International Conciliation, 1919). Foreign authorities were also allowed to build canals and railroads on German territory as they pleased (International Conciliation, 1919). The Treaty called for Germany to surrender territory, such as Alsace-Lorraine (International Conciliation, 1919). This loss of territory caused Germany to lose around 2.5 million ethnic Germans, according to the authors (International Conciliation, 1919). These provisions critically harmed Germany’s economy because they were forced to pay for damage that they could not afford, and the terms of this agreement were completely decided by the countries Germany fought against in the war, while Germany had no control over the terms of paying reparations for the war (International Conciliation, 1919). They had some...
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...Vienna vs. Versailles Among the myriad peace settlements that various countries, even various great powers, have agreed upon throughout western history, two tend to stand head and shoulders above the rest: The Congress of Vienna in 1815, which ended the Napoleonic Wars—perhaps the first true “world war”; and the various Paris settlements which ended the first world war which is generally referred to as such in 1919, which I will call collectively the Versailles Treaty for convenience’s sake. Largely the same countries were the major players: France, Britain, and Russia took part in each settlement. Meanwhile, Germany and Austria, major players at Vienna, were excluded from the Versailles talks, as punishment for being the defeated and supposedly responsible party. Similarly, the United States was a major force in shaping the Versailles settlement, while a century before, it had stayed out of the Napoleonic conflict, and besides did not have enough power at that time to merit a major role at the table even if it had become involved. Nonetheless, the inherent similarity remains; both the Vienna and Versailles treaties were attempts by the major western powers to realign and redraw large portions of the world map in order to create a lasting peace. Both treaties were concerned with statecraft, either consolidating old entities into new ones, or breaking apart empires ostensibly in the name of nationalism, on a scale which no other treaty has attempted before or since. All this...
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...Week 2: Versailles: The Allies’ “Last Horrible Triumph” Steven A. Smith Chamberlain College of Nursing Week 2: Versailles: The Allies’ “Last Horrible Triumph” The Treaty of Versailles, drafted by the Allied Forces, was drafted in with good intentions by some but not all. In the following writing, I will portray some of the complaints by Germany. As well as, what they believed would have led to them being treated differently in the sanctions. I will also delve into the higher “fundamental laws” in the document that side with the German viewpoints. There were many views of the treaty and although I have mine, its important to also views the points of those who would defend the treaty and the reasons for it. There were many provisions written in the treaty but most of which were geared toward Germany and its peoples. Their economy would be damaged and controlled by the Allied Powers with no end in sight. “Germany must promise to pay an indemnity, the amount of which at present is not even stated” (German Delegation, 1919). This indemnity later led Germany to borrowing money to pay reparations to other states. It is worth noting, the Germans were not part of the commission, which was mainly compromised of its enemies from the war. Many of the economic strong points/areas in Germany were given to foreign nations. Also, many of the ways to ship goods and such were controlled by foreigners who could limit the growth possible for the nation. Giving away key cities, controlling...
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...started by learning about how World War I ended. The Versailles Treaty was created by the winners of World War I like France, Great Britian, and the United States to make peace. How did it help contribute to an even worse war less than twenty years later? The Treaty of Versailles helped because World War II by treating Germany harshly. This harsh treatment can be seen in three areas: territorial losses, military...
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...This essay discusses the edicts of the 1919 Treaty of Versailles that listed the punishments of Germany for in their eyes starting World War One. Their punishments included the taking over of all territories and the colonies of Germany on and off the continent of Europe. World War I was fought between between Austria-Hungary and its allies Germany and Serbia and its allies America,Britain,and France It lasted from August 1, 1914 until November 11, 1918. The winners of WWI, the Allies met in Versaille to negotiate the end of the war. Prior to the war Germany had colonies in 8 different countries. Germany was a less aggressive colonizer because they traditionally worked on conquering Europe and not having a colony. Germany did not use colonies...
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...Protests against the Treaty of Versailles in Germany. Protests against the Treaty of Versailles in Germany. Question: What were ‘reparations’, and what changes were made to the Treaty of Versailles over this issue between 1919 and 1932? Question: What were ‘reparations’, and what changes were made to the Treaty of Versailles over this issue between 1919 and 1932? Versailles Treaty Reparations on Germany Versailles Treaty Reparations on Germany Word Count: 1,101 Word Count: 1,101 2014 2014 Joel Joel Versailles Treaty Reparations on Germany Versailles Treaty Reparations on Germany What were ‘reparations’, and what changes were made to the Treaty of Versailles over this issue between 1919 and 1932? After WWI, following the defeat of the Central Powers, the Treaty of Versailles, designed chiefly by France, Britain, and USA, was signed by Germany. The treaty was intended to suppress Germany under the reins of a ‘harsh peace’. The conditions of the treaty subjugated Germany in many ways: Germany had to accept guilt for starting the war, had land taken in what is known as the Territorial Clauses, had limits put on their military power in what is known as disarmament, and were excluded from the League Of Nations; but worst of all the terms, Germany had to pay reparations – the bill to compensate for war damages. Article 232 of the Versailles Treaty read, “The Allied and Associated Governments, however, require, and Germany undertakes, that she will make...
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...many significant consequences; one of which was the Treaty of Versailles. This treaty was a peace settlement signed after World War 1 which came to an end in 1918. The treaty was formed in order to punish Germany for all damages she had supposedly caused in World War 1. The treaty was signed at the Versailles Palace near Paris, between Germany and the Allies. The three most important politicians were there; David Lloyd George, Georges Clemenceau and Woodrow Wilson. The treaty of Versailles was a peace settlement between Germany and the Allies after World War 1. The many countries that defeated Germany in World War 1 blamed Germany for causing the war and initiating severe damages.The treaty took away and placed control...
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...In 1918 the treaty of Versailles was created, it was implemented to end World War One and create a sense of safety for everyone except the people of Germany. All the points made on the treaty where against Germany, this lead to Germany's rebellion and the start of World War 2. In saying that, I agree with the quote “This is not a peace treaty, it is an armistice for 20 years” - Ferdinand Foch because it never did end the war, only stopped it for a while then led to a new war, a greater one. The treaty simply put too much loss on Germany which caused the civilians to suffer. This is when Hitler stepped in, he lolled the people into a sense of safety, so they followed him. What he had created in Germany is what caused the beginning of the Second World War, the peoples need for comfort and Hitler’s promise of it. The main points of the treaty of Versailles where to destroy Germany's military it accomplished this by reducing its army to 100000 men and no tanks, reducing their navy and not being permitted to build any submarines and having no air force. To return land including Alsace-Lorraine and all its colonies in Africa, china and the pacific islands. Their Rhineland was to be dematerialized causing a lot of financial loss, as well as they had to pay 33billion (US) in reparations. Union with Austria was forbidden and Germany had...
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...Was the treaty of Versailles Fair? I personally think that the Treaty of Versailles was fair to a certain extend. There were many points that were very unfair on Germany and many of them were understandable since everyone was trying to avoid another war. There are many opinions on who was to blame for the war but the most popular was that Germany was the one who started the war. Many people think that because the German Kaiser was annoying everyone and breaking all the friendly relationships with the countries around Germany the war was initially triggered. After the war Germany was still considered a threat because their economy was still very strong and their army was still in France, and capable of fighting. This is one of the other reasons that the treaty was made very harsh to make sure that the Germans could not start another war. Also you cannot say that the Germans were particularly nice either, when they were asking for a treaty with Russia in Brest Litovsk and they made it very harsh themselves. Another point of the treaty was not fair, and that was that it was not negotiable. That was very hard for Germany because the whole treaty was already harsh and they could not negotiate it made it even worse. On another side the land that was taken from Germany was mostly populated by the French on the Alasace-Lorraine and East Germany was mostly populated by Polish. On the other side the treaty was not fair because Germany was fully blamed for the war when other countries...
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...The Treaty of Versailles does not follow the criteria of an effective treaty and is therefore unsuccessful. Germany’s economy fell in to terrible shape as a result of the unfair Article 45 which stated, “To pay for the destruction of the coalmines in the North of France, Germany turns over to France its coal mines in the Saar Basin for fifteen year” (Cruxton et al. 160). This article was unsuccessful in ensuring justice for all and maintain economic stability. It was unfair that Germany was required to give up part of one of their main industries, coal mining. As a result of Germany having to give up its coal mines in the Saar Basin, these resources that the Germans traded and exported for money no longer existed, casing their economy to become...
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...Berkay Demir IB BIOLOGY HL Mr. Palencia November/ 19 TEST CORRECTION In double helix of DNA, the two strands are; a. coiled around a common axis b. coiled differently c. coiled over protein sheath d. coiled around each other 2. Nucleotides are building blocks of nucleic acids. Each nucleotide is a composite molecule formed by a. Nitrogenous basesugarphosphate b. basesugarOH c. sugarphosphate d. (base sugar phosphate)n Lipids are insoluble in water because lipids are a. Hydrophilic b. Neutral c. Zwitterions d. Hydrophobic ATP is a. vitamin b. Enzyme c. Nucleic Acid d. Nucleotide In which of the following groups are all polysaccharides a. Sucrose, glucose and fructose b. Maltose, Lactose and fructose c. Glycogen, Sucrose and Maltose d. Glycogen, Cellulose and starch Amino acids are produced from a. Proteins b. Fatty acids c. Essential oils 1. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. d. aketo acids In RNA, thymine is replaced by a. adenine b. guanine c. cytosine d. uracil Which purine base is not found in RNA? a. Thymine b. Uracil c. Cytosine d. Guanine The pH of a solution is determined by a. concentration of salt b. relative concentration of H+ and OH ions c. dielectric constant d. environmental effect The reactions of molecules a. are the reactions of the functional groups b. are independent of the functional groups c. require an enzyme in all cases d. all of the above Essay Questions: ...
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...• How did Germany abandon the Versailles Treaty restrictions and what was the impact? – Germany abandoned the Versailles Treaty restrictions almost immediately after the initial signing of the document. “The buildup of the German armed forces was not officially proclaimed until 1935, though known to everyone (pg. 457)”. This goes to show that there were major flaws within the document particularly referring to the enforcement of policies, once they have been broken. On a side note, the League of Nations also lacked a backbone in this period thus allowing for the opportunity of enforcement for broken policies to be minimal from any possible angle. The author does point out an interesting point pertaining to enforcement on page 458. He states...
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