...The Theory of Jean Watson Sheila A. Arao, RN University of Saint Louis Tuguegarao Abstract Dr. Jean Watson She was born on June 10, 1940 in Williamson, West Virginia, USA. She pursues her education of BSN in University of Colorado, 1964, Masters in University of Colorado, 1966, and doctoral degree in University of Colorado, 1973. Jean Watson’s Theory of Nursing Care is a middle-range theory that focuses on the interconnectedness of patient and nurse. Nurses play a vital role in their patients’ life and by developing caring behaviors, they could facilitate healing. This theory also focuses on authentically caring about the whole patient and understanding the power of a meaningful therapeutic relationship. Watson believes caring about oneself is important and integral in a transpersonal relationship. The theory introduces clinical caritas process which help guide the nurse toward developing caring behaviors. They include general concepts of faith, trust, love, hope, caring, selflessness, spirituality, energy, and understanding. This theory is very significant to nursing practice and can be applicable to all fields of nursing. This paper will briefly elaborate Watson’s Theory of Human Caring and elucidate its strengths and weakness in the acute care setting. Introduction Biography Jean Watson was born on June 10, 1940 in Williamson, West Virginia, USA. During her education years, she graduated high school in West Virginia, graduated the Lewis Gale School of Nursing...
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...Jean Watson’s Caring Theory Nurses’ responsibilities to their patients are continually changing with the times. Jean Watson formed the “caring theory” to convey the significance and emphasize nursing as a diverse health profession. Using the Jean Watson’s caring theory enables nurses to maintain their perspective on caring for patients when overwhelmed with increased acuity, responsibility and workload. With the increase of patients and their needs, nurses often replace the caring attitude with an attitude of arrogance and hurried tasks, leaving patients and family members with belief that nurses believe they are here just to perform a job. By applying the Watson caring theory in caring for patients, “it allows nurses to practice the art of caring, to provide compassion to ease patients’ and families’ suffering, and to promote their healing and dignity but it can also contribute to expand the nurse’s own actualization” (Cara, 2003, p 2). Watson believes it is crucial that nurses apply caring values to their practice because it is essentially a byproduct in discovering the meaning of the nursing profession (Theory of Human Caring, n.d.). The foundation of this paper is to expound on the caring theory Jean Watson designed “to bring meaning and focus to nursing as a distinct health profession” (Cara, 2003, p 2). Description of the Theorist In the 1940’s, Jean Watson was born in West Virginia in a small town in the Appalachian Mountains. In 1961, graduated from the Lewis Gale...
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...human caring theory NUR 405 May 23, 2011 Dr. Carol King, DNP, RN, MSN, APRN, FNP-BC The caring theory was grounded on a humanitarian perspective and is found on a humanistic approach toward human caring programs and experiences. It acknowledges that life with individuals and their community to the surrounding environment are somehow connect and affects wellbeing of everything involved. The nature of the theory caring implies that it embraces reflective investigations as well subjective and interpretative inquiries. The nursing profession uses nursing theories as the framework and foundation for practice. Many people find nursing theories to be meaningless and of no use to the profession until they learn the history and meaning behind nursing theories. Nursing theories aid nurses by improving patient care and enhancing communication between members. “The theory of human caring was initiated by Jean Watson in the late 1970s. Jean Watson was a nursing professor at Colorado University. Dr. Jean Watson is Distinguished Professor of Nursing and holds a Chair in Caring Science at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center. She is founder of the original Center for Human Caring in Colorado and is a Fellow of the American Academy of Nursing. She previously served as Dean of Nursing at the university Health Sciences Center and is a previous president of the National League for Nursing” (Watson, 1979, p. 8). The Human caring theory evolved...
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...Application of Watson’s Caring Theory Name Institution Affiliation Application of Watson’s Caring Theory Human Caring Theory by Jean Watson contributes to the existential nursing. It concentrates on authentically caring concerning the whole patient. This caring involves the patient’s spirit, body and mind to facilitate the healing process to persist at an optimum level (Watson, 2011). Watson defined it as a caring model, which includes both science and art; providing a framework that intersects with and embraces science, art, spirituality, humanities, and new dimensions of spirit-body-mind medicine in addition to nursing. The essay describes the idea of Watson’s theory, the application of Human Caring theory in nursing practice connected to personal case, and the relevance of Human Caring theory in nursing leadership related to nursing problem. Watson supposes that the theory is ever changing and ought to be open to the evolving nursing practice as well as the human phenomena dynamics. Watson elaborates by explaining that caring art and science goes past an intellectualization of the subject luring us into endless, but timely space to re-examine the recurrent phenomenon of the human ailment. Using such abstract notions of faith, love, hope, caring, trust, and spirituality to nursing art and science could help stratify the human caring concept (Watson, 2011). The current nursing practice is incredibly affected by the theories designed by Dr. Watson....
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...WATSON'S THEORY 2 Abstract Dr. Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring was released in 1979, and has continued to evolve over the past three decades. Watson's theory describes a philosophical foundation for nursing, which puts caring at the center of practice. It focuses on patient centered care, with emphasis on developing a trusting mutual bond. The caring environment allows for optimal health promotion, growth, empowerment, and disease prevention. The present paper discusses the theory's main concepts, and the significance of the model to nurses, nurse practioners, and health organizations. As well as, how the theory applies to my personal nursing philosophy. WATSON'S THEORY 3 Watson's Theory of Human Caring Many people choose to go into the field of nursing because of one's love to provide care for others. However, with the advancement in medical technology, task-oriented mentalities, heavy patient loads due to nursing shortages, and high paced environments, developing a caring relationship with a patient tends to take a backseat (Watson, 2009). Many organizations have shifted their practices to focus on patient-centered care. St. Luke's Medical center, the organization I work for, believes that caring for the whole person helps create a more personalized healing environment. This allows caregivers to focus on healing the mind, body, and spirit of the patient (Aurora Health Care, 2012). In my profession, I work hard to try and...
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...Jean Watson's Theory of Caring In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the course N207-Theoretical Foundations in Nursing at University of the Philippines Open University. This blog is dedicated to fellow nurses, to our patients, to our classmates, and to Miss Jean Watson who gave us inspiration in caring. * Caring: What is it? * Caring In Action * Jean Watson * Metaparadigm * Philosophy and Science * Analysis * Acceptance * Group H Acceptance Acceptance in the Nursing Community Margaret Jean Watson’s model or theory of caring can be considered as a foundation of our profession. It suggests the consideration of nursing as both a science and an art, and caring as a key factor in the human phenomena of nursing. Practice Jean Watson’s Philosophy and Science of Caring could be applied to the practice (a) as an organization or (b) as an individual. As an organization, Watson’s theory on caring could be utilized as a framework in the delivery of nursing service in a medical institution. When utilized as basis of nursing in a hospital, nurses are made to focus on the value of care and on the integration of the carative factors in patient encounters. “The Journey to Integrate Watson’s Caring Theory with Clinical Practice,” an article by Linda Ryan, presents the process of integration of Watson’s theory to the pattern of health care delivery in a clinical setting. On the other hand, it is also remarkable to take note that Watson’s...
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...Nursing Theory: Compare/contrast two theories Name University Professor Course Date Nursing Theory: Compare/contrast two theoriesIntroduction Theory has so far remained a strategic tool in advanced nursing practice. Firstly, nursing utilizes every feature of management science. Fortunately, the knowledge base of each and every management science takes theory into account. Theory includes methods, principles, and concepts. The principles are usually related, and can be observed and validated or verified when translated into the practice of management. Likewise, concepts are general notions, thoughts, and ideas that tend to form a basis of discussion or action. Therefore, theoretical principles guide clinical nurses to various fundamental nursing concepts and provide productive line of action in a given situation. As a result, nurses should note that taking a hermeneutic or phenomenological approach (strict natural science approach) to nursing is not only naive but also misleading in real-life-settings. Alligood and Tomey, on the other hand, argues that prescriptive theories are often used as fundamental practice guidelines, which play a pivotal role in providing a wide range of practice situations in the nursing and nursing sector (2002). Apart from that, nursing can only become a real profession when it has both a theoretical and a scientific base. This follows the fact that nurses deal mainly with human behavior, thus, nursing is indeed a practice profession. Briefly...
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...Care Theory Compare and Contrast Paper Jean Watson’s Theory of human caring is based on transpersonal relationships and developing a caring environment that offers the development potential while allowing the person to choose the best course of action. Through interactions with others we learn how to recognize ourselves in others. Watson believes that through these interactions humanity is preserved. John Paley’s article A Slave Morality: Nietzchean themes in nursing ethics criticizes Watson’s theory that caring is central to nursing. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast John Paley’s article to Jean Watson’s Commentary on Shattle M (2004) Nurse-patient interaction: A review of the literature. A discussion of Watson’s background and care theory; John Paley’s background, and a brief discussion Friedich Nietzschen’s major philosophical beliefs. Jean Watson’s background Jean Watson was born in West Virginia in 1940. She graduated from the University of Colorado where she earned her BSN, MS, and in 1973 her PhD. Dr. Watson is widely published and has received many awards and honors. She is a distinguished professor of nursing and endowed chair in Caring Health Science. She is also a fellow at the American Academy of nursing. Watson’s research specialized in loss and human caring. She developed the Theory of Transpersonal Caring, which is also referred to as The Caring Model in the late 1970’s. Her theory evolved over many years, but the principles have remained...
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...Watson's Theory of Human Caring Dr. Jean Watson, a native of West Virginia, began her career in 1961 where she graduated from the Lewis Gale School of Nursing in Roanoke, Virginia. She then moved to Colorado, where she now lives, to further her education. She attended the University of Colorado and received her Bachelor of Science in Nursing in 1964, then further pursued her Master’s degree in psychiatric-mental health nursing in 1966 and then on to obtain her Ph.D. in educational psychology and counseling in 1973. Today she serves as a legendary Professor of Nursing and holds an endowed Chair in Caring Science at the University of Colorado and is a Fellow in the American Academy of Nursing (Watson,2007). She is the author/co-author of more than 14 books on caring and holds six honorary doctorates. Recently she founded Watson Caring Science Institute, a non-profit organization developed to help spread her nursing theory and ideas. Dr. Jean Watson goal is to have nurses come together, regardless of specialty, and share a common definition that embraces science and philosophical perspective. The common goal has become known as caring-healing consciousness. Watson begins her theory by identifying 10 carative factors of care. Theory Concepts Watson bases her theory of nursing on 10 carative factors: 1. Formation of humanistic-altruistic systems of values: This begins in early development and is molded by life experiences, exposure, learning, and culture. 2. Development...
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...Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring Jessamie Garvin University of Phoenix NUR/403 Theories and Models of Nursing Practice July 1, 2014 Instructor: Mega Deol Watson's Theory of Human Caring In today’s fast-paced and technology centered health care environment, nurses remain at the cornerstone of care by providing care, practicing the core concepts of nursing, and maintaining the caring models. To assist us in providing quality care we have theorists like Jean Watson whose theories influence and guide us in providing exceptional patient care. In this paper I will discuss Jean Watson’s theory of human caring including the background and the major concepts of her theory. In addition, I will discuss her theory and views of the nursing metaparadigms of person, health, nursing and environment as they relate to a personal experience in which I utilized Watson’s theory to cultivate a caring moment with a patient. Describe the background and major concepts of Watson’s theory of human caring. According to Jean Watson her philosophy and science of caring in nursing emerged from her quest to bring new meaning and dignity to the work and the world of nursing and patient care (Watson, 2008). Beginning with the question of the relationship between human caring and nursing, she developed The Theory of Human Caring and the Philosophy and science of caring. Watson defines caring as the ethical and moral ideal of nursing that has interpersonal...
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...Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring " The nursing profession, and each nurse within it, is invited to consider/reconsider: How do we walk through life? How do we get our footing to bring the artistry of caring and global caritas consciousness into our lives, our work, and our world?" Jean Watson Theory Overview: The philosophy of caring and science examines the relatedness of all and includes human science, human caring processes, experiences, and phenomena. The Seven Assumptions About Caring (Jean Watson’s theory of nursing, 2012) 1. Caring can be effectively demonstrated and practiced interpersonally 2. Caring results in the satisfaction of human needs 3. Caring promotes health and growth 4. Caring accepts a person as is and looks beyond to what that person may become 5. Caring offers the development of potential 6. Caring is equally important as curing 7. The practice of caring is central to nursing Three Major elements of the theory: The Carative Factors The Caring Occasion/The Caring Moment Transpersonal Caring (Lukose, 2011) The Carative Factors Caritas originates from the Greek, meaning to cherish and give special love (Lukose, 2011) Goal was to guide the “core” of nursing In contrast to medicine’s “curative factors” Interdependent Used to “honor the human dimensions of nursing’s work and the inner life world and subjective experiences of the people we serve” (Watson, 2007 as cited in Lukose, 2011) First three factors are the...
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...Caring science encompasses a humanitarian, human science orientation to human caring processes, phenomena and experiences. Caring science includes arts and humanities as well as science. A caring science perspective is grounded in a relational ontology of being-in-relation, and a world view of unity and connectedness of All. Transpersonal Caring acknowledges unity of life and connections that move in concentric circles of caring – from individual, to others, to community, to world, to Planet Earth, to the universe. Caring science investigations embrace inquiries that are reflective, subjective and interpretative as well as objective-empirical and Caring science inquiry includes ontological, philosophical, ethical, historical inquiry and studies. In addition, caring science includes multiple epistemological approaches to inquiry including clinical and empirical, but is open to moving into new areas of inquiry that explore other ways of knowing, for example, aesthetic, poetic, narrative, personal, intuitive, kinesthetic, evolving consciousness, intentionality, metaphysical – spiritual, as well as moral-ethical knowing. Caring science is an evolving new field that is grounded in the discipline of nursing and evolving nursing science, but more recently includes other fields and disciplines in the Academy, for example, Women/Feminist studies, Education, Ecology, Peace Studies, Philosophy/ Ethics, Arts and Humanities, Mindbodyspirit Medicine. As such, caring science is rapidly becoming...
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...Concept Comparison and Analysis across Theories Paper NUR 513 August 6, 2012 Comparison and Analysis Theories Paper The heart of nursing has always been caring. Since the start of professional nursing with Florence Nightingale, theorists have been writing about caring. This paper highlights three caring theories Madeleine Leininger, Jean Watson, and the combine theory of Patricia Benner and Judith Wrubel these theorists each has developed a theory of caring. This paper will examine each by comparing and contrasting on how each looks at caring. Leininger Madeline Leininger developed her first theories in the mid-1950s. Her main theory is transcultural nursing and caring theory. This theory was formed by an inadequate knowledge of cultural factors that represented a missing link to providing quality nursing care. Leininger believed that caring is universally present in all cultures (Nelson, 2006). Leininger’s definition of caring for nursing is “the central and unifying domain for the body of knowledge and practices in nursing’ It is critical to human growth, development and survival and has helped human beings through cultural evolution” (Cohen, 1991). Leininger’s transcultural theory of nursing her assumption human caring is a universal expression. However, patterns vary among different cultures. Caring has multiple dimensions of biophysical, psychological, cultural...
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...heard my voice. They listened to me, they respected me and they cared for me. They were just as skilled as the other doctors or nurses but they had something more. They genuinely cared about me as a person. These experiences as a patient and as a nurse have shown me the the value of caring in the health care profession. With this background I found most nursing theories to be less than satisfying. I liked different theorists for different situations in nursing. I could not totally agree with everything from each theorist I explored. Now, with my deeper understanding of nursing theories, I understand theories are to be a guide for nurses to follow and make the theory their own (Friberg & Creasia, 2016). Probably due to my experiences described above, Jean Watson’s theory of nursing based on the philosophy and science of caring (Friberg & Creasia, 2016) struck a chord with me. Dr. Jean Watson is the founder and director of the Watson Caring Science Institute. She obtained a R.N. Diploma in Nursing, a B.S. in Nursing, a M.S. in psychiatric mental-health nursing with a minor in psychology, and a Ph.D. in educational psychology and counseling. Her philosophy of nursing is based on the belief that the caring relationship between nurse and patient forms the core of nursing practice. She does not believe that nursing skills are unimportant. Skill in the use of modern...
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...Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring NRS/403 Theories and Models of Nursing Practice 27 November 2011 Candace Cane Abstract Due to the ever changing health care system nationally and the increase need for qualified nurses worldwide, nursing responsibilities and patient load have intensified. Nurses are expected to care for higher acuity patients in more complex health care situations. Despite increased hardships in the work place, nurses must continually try to find ways to preserve their caring approach. Jean Watson’s caring theory can be seen as indispensable to this goal. This paper will explain the background behind the theory and take a personal approach in showing how it can be applied to every day nursing care. Jean Watson Nursing theorist Jean Watson of West Virginia, graduated with a Bachelor of Science in Nursing from the University of Colorado in 1964. She continued her nursing education at her alma mater and received a Masters of Nursing with a focus in psychiatric-mental health in 1966 and PhD of educational psychology and counseling in 1973. Dr. Watson holds the title of Distinguished Professor of Nursing; the highest honor accorded its faculty for scholarly work. In 1999 she assumed the Murchinson-Scoville Chair in Caring Science, the nation’s first endowed chair in Caring Science, based at the University of Colorado Denver & Health Sciences Center (Dr. Jean Watson, 2011). She has previously served as the Dean of Nursing at the University Health...
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