...Wireless Networks 4G Wireless Networks Britney Green CIS 500: Information Systems for Decision Making Professor Frank Lazzara November 4, 2012 4G Wireless Networks “Wireless networks use packet switching and wireless networks. Patching switching is when the path of the signal is digital and is neither dedicated nor exclusive. Routers are devices that forward packets from one network to another network. Packets occur when the network breaks a file or e-mail message into smaller blocks of specific size. Wireless routers are actually wired routers with wireless access points (WAP) built in. It provides both wired and wireless at the same time”. (Turban & Volonino, 2011) Third generation also called 3G; of cellular telecommunications technology supports multimedia and broadband services. Broadband means fast transmission speed. It is faster than the 1G and 2G. The third generation networks have far greater ranges because they use large satellite connections that connect to telecommunication towers. The fourth generation is called 4G. 4G mobile network standards enable faster data transfer rates. (Turban & Volonino) Right now 4G is the latest generation of wireless data technologies. It carries average download rates of 3 Mbps or more. “In contrast, today's 3G networks typically deliver average download speeds about one-tenth of that rate. The 2G and 3G started separately with their own purposes; soon both will be converted to the 4G network”...
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...partial fulfillment of the requirements for CPET2324, Computer Network Systems. The 4G network was chosen for this topic because of the impact it has on wireless communications. I think the most important tool a person can carry these days is the cell phone. My essay attempts to show how critical the 4G networks is to our beloved cell phone and other wireless devices. Abstract The 4G Networks In telecommunications, 4G is the fourth generation of mobile communication technology standards. It is a successor of the third generation (3G) standard. While all 4G service is called “4G,” the underlying technology is not the same. Sprint, for example, uses WiMax technology for its 4G network, while Verizon Wireless uses a technology called Long Term Evolution, or LTE. No matter what technology is behind it, 4G wireless is designed to deliver speed. The Origin and Definition of the Term The fourth generation is a promising generation of the mobile communications that is characterized by a high data rate and high-quality voice communications. Advanced technologies that make data communications at a rate, exceeding 100 megabits per second for mobile subscribers, belong to the fourth generation. As a rule, the specifications of any generation of the mobile communications refer to the...
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...Third Generation (3G) mobile devices and services will transform wireless communications in to on-line, real-time connectivity. 3G wireless technology will allow an individual to have immediate access to location-specific services that offer information on demand. Mobile phones are rapidly becoming the preferred means of personal communication, creating the world's largest consumer electronics industry. The rapid and efficient deployment of new wireless data and Internet services has emerged as a critical priority for communications equipment manufacturers. Network components that enable wireless data services are fundamental to the next-generation network infrastructure. Wireless data services are expected to see the same explosive growth in demand that Internet services and wireless voice services have seen in recent years. Telecommunications service providers and network operators are embracing the recently adopted global third generation (3G) wireless standards in order to address emerging user demands and to provide new services. The concept of 3G wireless technology represents a shift from voice-centric services to multimedia-oriented (voice, data, video, fax) services. In addition, heavy demand for remote access to personalized data is fueling development of applications, such as the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) and multimedia management, to complement the 3G protocols. Complementary standards, such as Bluetooth, will enable interoperability between a mobile terminal...
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...------------------------------------------------- 2G, 3G and 4G TECHNOLOGY 2G Technology 2G refers to second generation wireless telecommunication technology. While its predecessor, 1G, made use of analog radio signals, 2G uses digital radio signals. Based on what type of multiplexing is employed, 2G technologies may be categorized by whether they are based on time division multiple access (TDMA) or code division multiple access (CDMA). Code division multiple access is a digital radio system that transmits streams of bits (PN Sequences). It permits several radios to share the same frequencies. Unlike time division multiple access, all radios can be active all the time, because network capacity does not directly limit the number of active radios. Since larger numbers of phones can be served by smaller numbers of cell-sites, CDMA-based standards have a significant economic advantage over TDMA-based standards. The main 2G TDMA standard is: * GSM (Global System for Mobile communications)--is the most popular standard for mobile phones in the world. GSM accounts for over 80% of all subscribers around the world. It makes international roaming very common between mobile phone operators, enabling subscribers to use their phones in many parts of the world. GSM differs from 1G in that both signaling and speech channels are digital. The main 2G CDMA standard is: * IS-95 (Interim Standard 95) is the first CDMA-based digital cellular standard pioneered by Qualcomm. The brand name for IS-95 is cdmaOne. Capacity ...
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... 07781A0407. Abstract: T his paper provides an insight into 4G technology. 4G is the next generation of wireless networks. 4G is a conceptual framework for a discussion point to address future needs of a universal high speed wireless network that will interface with wire line backbone network seamlessly. 4G technology provides the download speed for mobile internet connections. It provides motivation for 4G researches before 3G has not been deployed. It is impossible to predict technology developments and the evolution of latest at present. In wireless communication, mobile technology is advanced and in this system 4G is the latest at present. One of the key objectives is to follow an evolutionary path from the current 3G technologies to 4G. So that it can interoperate with the existing mobile systems by using advanced system integration technologies. Generations of evolution of 4G are cleared explained. 4G is an evolutionary path for advancing the 3G mobile technology. 4G is also represents the hope and ideas of a group of researchers. Culture and customer needs. 4G in principle will allow high-quality smooth video transmission. It gives features of 3G, 4G and 5G technologies. 4G technology will deliver Broadband wireless communication capabilities for end-to-end multimedia information transmission. 4G technology supports interactive multimedia services. 4G has Terminal...
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...stages. bit time- Bit time is a concept in computer networking. It is defined as the time it takes for one bit to be ejected from a Network Interface Card (NIC) operating at some predefined standard speed, such as 10 Mbit/s. encoding scheme- For a more complete explanation of encoding schemes refer to the material on encoding schemes found in the CDRA Reference document. ESID (hex) Interpretation Number of States. 1100 EBCDIC, SBCS. No code extension is allowed 1. 2100 IBM-PC Data, SBCS. unshielded twisted-pair- Twisted pair cabling is a type of wiring in which two conductors of a single circuit are twisted together for the purposes of canceling out electromagnetic interference (EMI) from external sources; for instance, electromagnetic radiation from unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cables, and crosstalk between neighboring pairs. (UTP)- (Unshielded Twisted Pair) A pair of wires that are twisted around each other to minimize interference. Telephone and Ethernet cables are common examples of UTP wires. See twisted pair. Core- the central or most important part of something. Cladding- a covering or coating on a structure or material. radio waves- an electromagnetic wave of a frequency between about 104 and 1011 or 1012 Hz, as used for long-distance communication. wireless WAN- Wireless WAN is a wide area network in which separate areas of coverage or cells are connected wirelessly to provide service to a large geographic area. access point- In computer networking, a...
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...IS610 | 4G Wireless Cellular Technology | Need for Standardization | | Rohan Mammen | 11/22/2010 | | ABSTRACT Currently, the fourth generation cellular technology is in the early stages of determining of standardization. Although this new wireless technology seems to offer high data and roaming capabilities across different systems, all key aspects still need detailed understanding, further research and overall development. Currently this technology is in its infancy with respect to creating standards, and henceforth various organizations such the ITU and IEEE have formed several initiatives to create a suitable 4G mobile standards system. The development of 3GPP LTE from UMTS is as such an important step towards the evolution standard, and similarly so is WiMAX developed by IEEE. All of these technologies have unique characteristics while meeting 4G criteria and thus enabling it to become dominant force in the near future. This will indicate all the new trends and technologies needed to execute the next generation cellular mobile technology while showcasing possible scenarios that would benefit the new fourth generation technology. INTRODUCTION In a rapidly moving economy, there exists a fundamental need for communication and for this purpose, instantaneous access to information irrespective of time and location. This has led to increased customer demands for wireless network services which in turn have led to the need for a development from the fundamentals...
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...4G Wireless Networks 3G and 4G networks were introduced through Telecommunication companies who provides the actual services. According to the ITU (International Telecommunications Union), 3G is known as the IMT 2000, which is a family of radio interfaces which evolved from previous generations to facilitate wider range of services and advanced network capacity. (“3G N & S”) 3G is the third incarnation of a line of wireless technologies. (“Comparison”) It offers various features including fast data transmission, advanced multimedia capabilities, and global roaming. 4G is the fourth generation of wireless communications currently being developed for high speed broadband mobile capabilities. (“What’s”) 4G is the latest incarnation in the line, and it offers even more features such as true multitasking, and even faster data transfer rates. (“Comparison”) ITU (International Telecommunications Union) includes the following technologies for 3G EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution), CDMA 2000 (Code Division Multiple Access), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications Systems), DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications), and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access). (“3G N& S”) The ITU (International Telecommunications Union industry identifies the following technologies for 4G: 3GPP LTE (3rd Generation Partnership Project Long Term Evolution), UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), and Flash-OFDM...
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...4G Wireless Networks Information Systems Decision Making – CIS 500 July 29, 2012 4G Wireless Networks Since 2008, fourth generation (4G) wireless networks have been proclaiming faster speeds for internet connectivity than the third generation (3G) networks. However, upgrading to a 3G or 4G wireless network can be quite expensive. Nevertheless, those who find the need for speed and mobility may find that it is worth the added expense. The war is on between the two generations of networks but there is speculation as to which is truly faster and better. The following paragraphs will provide an overview of both wireless networks, and will include a contrast and compare of 3G wireless networks to 4G networks in relation to application and services, user perception, network architecture, and data throughput. The information offered will also differentiate between 4G LTE, 4G WiMax, and 4G WiBro networks based on upload and download speeds, user perceptions, backward compatibility, and service availability. The following paragraphs will also identify the competition between the 4G LTE carriers and why it has been so fierce, as well as how subscribers will benefit from this competition. When shopping for 3G and 4G wireless networks, consumers will have to comparison shop to find a service that will meet their particular needs. Today, most cell phone providers offer both 3G and 4G wireless service in conjunction with Internet service. Verizon, Sprint, and AT&T are just a...
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...3G, short for third Generation, is a term used to represent the 3rd generation of mobile telecommunications technology. Also called Tri-Band 3G. This is a set of standards used for mobile devices and mobile telecommunication services and networks that comply with the International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) specifications by the International Telecommunication Union.[1] 3G finds application in wireless voice telephony, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless Internet access, video calls and mobile TV. Several telecommunications companies market wireless mobile Internet services as 3G, indicating that the advertised service is provided over a 3G wireless network. Services advertised as 3G are required to meet IMT-2000 technical standards, including standards for reliability and speed (data transfer rates). To meet the IMT-2000 standards, a system is required to provide peak data rates of at least 200 kbit/s (about 0.2 Mbit/s). However, many services advertised as 3G provide higher speed than the minimum technical requirements for a 3G service. Recent 3G releases, often denoted 3.5G and 3.75G, also provide mobile broadband access of several Mbit/s to smartphones and mobile modems in laptop computers. The following standards are typically branded 3G: the UMTS system, first offered in 2001, standardized by 3GPP, used primarily in Europe, Japan, China (however with a different radio interface) and other regions predominated by GSM 2G system infrastructure. The cell...
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...4G Wireless Networks Since 2008, fourth generation (4G) wireless networks have been proclaiming faster speeds for internet connectivity than the third generation (3G) networks. However, upgrading to a 3G or 4G wireless network can be quite expensive. Nevertheless, those who find the need for speed and mobility may find that it is worth the added expense. The war is on between the two generations of networks but there is speculation as to which is truly faster and better. The following paragraphs will provide an overview of both wireless networks, and will include a contrast and compare of 3G wireless networks to 4G networks in relation to application and services, user perception, network architecture, and data throughput. The information offered will also differentiate between 4G LTE, 4G WiMax, and 4G WiBro networks based on upload and download speeds, user perceptions, backward compatibility, and service availability. The following paragraphs will also identify the competition between the 4G LTE carriers and why it has been so fierce, as well as how subscribers will benefit from this competition. When shopping for 3G and 4G wireless networks, consumers will have to comparison shop to find a service that will meet their particular needs. Today, most cell phone providers offer both 3G and 4G wireless service in conjunction with Internet service. Verizon, Sprint, and AT&T are just a few of the providers that use 3G as a standard mobile Internet service, in addition to...
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... Although 4G wireless technology offers higher data rates and the ability to roam across multiple heterogeneous wireless networks, several issues require further research and development. Since 4G is still in the cloud of the sensible standards creation, ITU and IEEE form several task forces to work on the possible completion for the 4G mobile standards as well. 3GPP LTE is an evolution standard from UMTS, and WiMAX is another candidate from IEEE. These technologies have different characteristics and try to meet 4G characteristics to become a leading technology in the future market. Under these circumstances, this paper will present about the current trends and its underlying technologies to implement the 4G mobile technology. This paper also shows some of the possible scenarios that will benefit the 4th generation technology. KEYWORDS 4G Mobile Technologies, 3GPP Long Term Evolution, WiMAX, WiBro, Software Defined Radio, Open Architecture 1. INTRODUCTION In a world of fast changing technology, there is a rising requirement for people to communicate and get connected with each other and have appropriate and timely access to information regardless of the location of the each individuals or the information. The increasing demands and requirements for wireless communication systems ubiquity have led to the need for a better understanding of fundamental issues in communication theory and electromagnetic and their implications for the design of highly-capable wireless systems. In continuous...
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...| 4G Wireless Networks | | | | Jason LehmanCIS 500 – Information Systems for Decision Making 7/27/14 | | 4G Wireless Networks | | | | Jason LehmanCIS 500 – Information Systems for Decision Making 7/27/14 | Compare and Contrast 3G and 4G Wireless Networks The comparison of 3G and 4G wireless networks can be broken down into four main areas of concern when deciding on the more future-oriented 4G compared to the more established 3G network. The first areas examined are service and applications. Third-generation (3G) networks consist of CDMA 2000, UMTS, WCDMA, and various others. Fourth-generation (4G) technologies include WiMAX, HSPA+21/42, and LTE, of which many consider LTE to be the only “true” 4G network (Segan, 2013). The introduction of 3G technologies heralded a wide range of possibilities to include the ability for user to wirelessly stream audio, video, visual calling and conferencing, and various mobile multimedia functions to include more streamlined E-mail and general web browsing, online banking, basic video games on demand, mobile TV, and location-based services (4Gon Solutions, 2012). 4G application offerings include four main categories: Localized/Personalized Information, Communications, Organizational, and Entertainment (M-Indya, 2012). Localized/Personalized Information applications will offer users the ability to browse various news outlets, more accurate and improved locational servicers, more enhance mobile commerce (i.e. mobile...
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...Introduction: The full form of 3G is Third Generation, 3G stands for the third generation network that is presently the most advanced interface available in the field of communication and network. BSNL being a govt. owned company, was the first to introduce this technology in India. 3G provides a great platform that is studded with highly advanced features like : * Better sound quality in calls * High speed data transfer over the internet * High end connectivity * Direct video streaming facility from the internet * Feature of video calling to any 3G enabled mobile phones containing a camera for video calling and many more such features are there. All this is easily available at quite affordable prices. Now that the private companies have also come up with the launch of 3G networks, the charges of this advanced service are been hoped to get down soon. 3G is the next generation feature that provides new aspects to the use of networks for Internet as well as calling purposes. The introductory part of subject under investigation contains the following: * Objectives of the Study * Significance of the Study * Sources of the study * Reason of choosing customer satisfaction of GP * Methodology of the study * Limitations of the Study Objectives of the study: This Program was designed to accomplish some objectives. The objectives were identified through a closer interaction and exchange of views with the users of 3G. The objectives are: * Application of...
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...the valuable guidance and direction of Tim Kelly and Fabio Leite of the ITU in the development of this study. The 3G case studies program is managed by Lara Srivastava and under the direction of Ben Petrazzini . Country case studies on 3G, including Sweden, Japan, China & Hong Kong SAR, Chile, Venezuela, and Ghana can be found at . The opinions expressed in this study are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the International Telecommunication Union, its membership or the GSM Association. TABLE OF CONTENTS: 1 Introduction 6 1.1 The Generations of Mobile Networks 7 2 A Look Back at GSM 10 2.1 GSM Technology 10 2.2 The History of GSM 11 2.2.1 Conference Des Administrations Europeans des Posts et Telecommunications (CEPT) 12 2.2.2 The European Commission and the Memorandum of Understanding 13 2.2.3 European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) 14 2.2.4 The “Frequency Band” Obstacle Course 14 2.2.5 The Conclusion of the Interstate Bargain 15 2.2.6 The Launch 15 2.2.7 The United States and the FCC 16 2.3 The GSM Market 16 2.3.1 The GSM Success Story 16 2.3.2 Future Market Development 17 2.4 Licensing GSM 18 2.4.1 GSM Radio Spectrum 19 3 A Look Ahead at IMT-2000 19 3.1 From GSM to IMT-2000 19 3.1.1 HSCSD (High-Speed Circuit Switched Data) 22 3.1.2 GPRS (General Packet Radio...
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