...Copyright ⃝ 2013 Educational Testing Service ISSN: 1530-5058 print / 1532-7574 online DOI: 10.1080/15305058.2012.690012 Writing Essays on a Laptop or a Desktop Computer: Does It Matter? Guangming Ling and Brent Bridgeman Educational Testing Service To explore the potential effect of computer type on the Test of English as a Foreign Language–Internet-Based Test (TOEFL iBT) Writing Test, a sample of 444 international students was used. The students were randomly assigned to either a laptop or a desktop computer to write two TOEFL iBT practice essays in a simulated testing environment, followed by a survey of computer experience. The survey results suggested that the participants had extensive experience using computers, had more experience with laptops than with desktops, and preferred using the laptop computers to the desktop computers. The computer type (laptop or desktop computer) was found to have a negligible effect on essay performance (essay score, essay length, and writing speed). However, other factors, including gender, regional background, daily experience with laptop or desktop computers, preference for a particular pointing device, and previous TOEFL experience, were found to be significantly related to essay performance but did not interact with computer type. Keywords: computer type effects, desktop, e-rater, essay length, essay score, laptop, writing speed INTRODUCTION When large-scale computer-based testing began in the early 1990s, testing centers were equipped with...
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...Admissions Procedures Requirements At MIT, a regular graduate student is one who is registered for a program of advanced study and research leading to a post-baccalaureate degree. A regular graduate student may concurrently hold an appointment as a research assistant, teaching assistant, or instructor. To be admitted as a regular graduate student, an applicant must have earned a bachelor’s degree or its equivalent from a college, university, or technical school of acceptable standing. Students in their final year of undergraduate study may be admitted on the condition that their bachelor’s degrees are awarded before they enroll at MIT. Applicants are evaluated by the individual department in which they intend to register on the basis of their prior performance and professional promise, as evidenced by their academic records, letters of evaluation from individuals familiar with their capabilities, and any other pertinent data they submit. While high academic achievement does not guarantee admission, MIT expects such achievement or other persuasive evidence of professional promise. Specific admission requirements vary by department; please consult the catalogue and department or program website for the requirements of individual departments. In general, most departments require significant work in mathematics and the physical sciences in addition to preparation in a specific field of interest, but some admit students with as little as one year each of college-level mathematics...
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...Admissions Procedures Requirements At MIT, a regular graduate student is one who is registered for a program of advanced study and research leading to a post-baccalaureate degree. A regular graduate student may concurrently hold an appointment as a research assistant, teaching assistant, or instructor. To be admitted as a regular graduate student, an applicant must have earned a bachelor’s degree or its equivalent from a college, university, or technical school of acceptable standing. Students in their final year of undergraduate study may be admitted on the condition that their bachelor’s degrees are awarded before they enroll at MIT. Applicants are evaluated by the individual department in which they intend to register on the basis of their prior performance and professional promise, as evidenced by their academic records, letters of evaluation from individuals familiar with their capabilities, and any other pertinent data they submit. While high academic achievement does not guarantee admission, MIT expects such achievement or other persuasive evidence of professional promise. Specific admission requirements vary by department; please consult the catalogue and department or program website for the requirements of individual departments. In general, most departments require significant work in mathematics and the physical sciences in addition to preparation in a specific field of interest, but some admit students with as little as one year each of college-level mathematics...
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...Perfect Phrases for the TOEFL Speaking and Writing Sections This page intentionally left blank Perfect Phrases for the TOEFL Speaking and Writing Sections Hundreds of Ready-to-Use Phrases to Improve Your Conversational Ability, Develop Your Writing Skills, and Build Exam Confidence Roberta G. Steinberg New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-159247-4 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-159246-6. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at...
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...Go anywhere from here. JAPAN Princeton Economics AustrAliA TOEFL iBT Tips ® United StateS PURDUE U POLITECNICO dI MILANO HONG KONG LAW How to prepare for the TOEFL iBT. www.ets.org/toefl UCLA CANADA ENGINEERING ART FRANCE Teaching YALE Germany MEDICINE U of British ColUmBia MCGILL SINGAPORE UK U OF TOKYO KOREA TOEFL® iBT Tips TOEFL iBT Tips—from ETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Open More Doors with TOEFL® iBT, the Key to Academic Success . . . 4 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 The TOEFL® Test—The Key to Academic Success . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 TOEFL Scores Open More Doors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 The New TOEFL iBT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 What’s New About the TOEFL iBT? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Why Were Changes Made to the TOEFL Test? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 About the TOEFL iBT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Format . . . . . . . ...
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...A Correlation Analysis of English Language Proficiency and Performance in Content-Area Cognitive Skills Kate O’Neill - Zayed University Peter M. Theuri – Northern Kentucky University Abstract: Literature is replete with studies indicating the need to develop students’ language skills. Little research has emphasized the importance of language proficiency in enhancing learning or performance in specific content-area courses. This study investigates whether a student’s English language proficiency can be associated with her performance in specific cognitive skills (knowledge, comprehension, application, and analysis) in an introductory accounting course. While the results show no association between TOEFL and performance, the mean of the English composition courses do show a significant association with knowledge and comprehension cognitive skills scores on the first financial accounting course. No associations were attached to the application and analysis cognitive skills. The results are meaningful to faculty in balancing language proficiency with quality instruction in content-area courses. Introduction and Reference Context: English as a language of instruction has quickly taken precedence in most of the universities and colleges around the world. What has also become commonplace is the interchange of students from country to country. The term “international students” has traditionally been attributed to students who matriculate in colleges...
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...The first thing I want to say is: shortcuts do not exsit for writing. The only way to increase your level of writing is to keep writing, day after day and year after year. The first time when I touched with writing was in the period of my primary school. I have written hundreds of essays for tests, homework, and practices for almost 10 years and I am still writing now. At the beginning of the third year of my primary school my teacher asked us to write a journal every day. For the first few days I am interested in it, but as time went through, it really drived me crazy, because the life was almost the same during 24 hours one day and seven days one week. Most of my classmates complained it is hard to write different journals every day, it was easy, however, our teacher said you can do some observations around you and your community and do not limit yourself. So I got the first key element of the writing-observation. My journal was admired by my teacher as I did good observations and I was introverted when I was a child, that is easy for me to express my emotion into the paper. Journals also made me understand that “practice makes perfert”. After years of growth, my writing skill was updated, but the standard of writing was also uping. The teacher in middle school was more strict with students’ essays than the one did in primary school. I felt unprecedented pressure from each class, especially writing class. Seldom can I get appropriate ideas for an essay even I did a...
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...NEED MORE TOEFL MATERIALS?? Go Here: http://www.yosite.ru 400 Must-Have Words for the TOEFL® This page intentionally left blank. 400 Must-Have Words for the TOEFL® LYNN STAFFORD-YILMAZ LAWRENCE J. ZWIER MCGRAW-HILL New York Chicago San Francisco • Lisbon London • Madrid • Mexico City • Milan • New Delhi San Juan • Seoul • Singapore • Sydney • Toronto • • Copyright © 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-146707-6 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-144328-2. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212)...
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...400 Must-Have Words for the TOEFL® This page intentionally left blank. 400 Must-Have Words for the TOEFL® LYNN STAFFORD-YILMAZ LAWRENCE J. ZWIER MCGRAW-HILL New York Chicago San Francisco • Lisbon London • Madrid • Mexico City • Milan • New Delhi San Juan • Seoul • Singapore • Sydney • Toronto • • Copyright © 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-146707-6 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-144328-2. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”)...
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...the U.S. education system at all levels to assist with admissions, placement, and counseling decisions. Some of the more common standardized tests that international students may encounter are described below. ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY TESTS Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) is a proficiency test designed to measure knowledge and skill in understanding and using written English. It is required of international students whose native language or previous language of instruction was not English, and some U.S. institutions will accept TOEFL scores in lieu of other test scores. FIRST PROFESSIONAL DEGREE APTITUDE TESTS(FPDAT) Dental Admission Test (DAT) is a knowledge and aptitude test administered to students seeking to enter accredited first professional degree programs in dentistry. The DAT measures knowledge and skills in biology, general and organic chemistry, and quantitative methods plus skills in reading and spatial perception and coordination. GRADUATE MANAGEMENT ADMISSIONS TEST (GMAT) is an aptitude test administered to holders of a bachelor’s degree seeking to enroll in accredited graduate programs in business administration and management. The GMAT measures analytical writing, verbal reasoning, and quantitative reasoning skills. LAW SCHOOL ADMISSIONS TEST (LSAT) is an aptitude test administered to students seeking to enter accredited first professional degree programs in law. The LSAT measures reading and verbal reasoning skills. MEDICAL COLLEGE ADMISSIONS...
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...JANE M. SAMPLE 123 Main Street | Arlington, VA 12345 | 877.875.7706 | info@greatresumesfast.com Versatile and motivated bilingual professional with expertise in finance, translation and marketing including stock market analysis, English and Korean translation and event coordination. Numerous skills and comprehensive knowledge readily support a variety of professional undertakings. Displays dedication and determination in all endeavors with diligent attention to detail for optimal end results. Core Skills & Knowledge: Marketing Product Promotion Event Coordination Translation Client Relations Market Analysis Team Leadership Support Services Finance Management PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT ACCOUNTANT INTERNSHIP June – July 2008 Hana Financial Group Seoul, Korea Established in 1971, Hana Financial Group is the 3rd largest commercial banking group in South Korea whose subsidiaries are involved in banking, securities, and investment. Executed stock market research and analysis and designed the World’s currency chart on a daily basis. Created PowerPoint presentations to present the analysis of global financial issues to team members. Provided support for numerous duties including collating reports, filing information, faxing and organizing data. TRANSLATOR March – April 2007 Seoul, Korea Edu-People Academic Institution Designed sample TOEFL questions and English vocabulary for junior high school students. Translated English writing into Korean, and Korean...
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...TOEFL Secrets Your Key to TOEFL Success From the desk of Tom Paulson, Director of Test-Taking Strategy at TOEFL Secrets, May 5, 2002Dear future TOEFL Success Story: Congratulations on your purchase of the most advanced test-taking manual for the TOEFL. Notice I did not say study guide- there are plenty of decent study guides on the market, but that was not our objective in writing this manual. Our goal is to seek and exploit specific weaknesses in the TOEFL assessment, and then share those secrets with our customers. Let’s be perfectly honest here- you’ve worked hard enough in the past, and if you want to spend hours in a study guide to boost your score, that’s a great thing to do. In fact, we recommend at least a brief review of some of the better study guides on the market. But that’s simply not enough to do well in the high-pressure high-stakes environment of the test day. How well you do on this test will have a significant impact on your future- and we have the research and practical advice to help you execute on test day. The product you’re reading now is much more than a study guide- it is a tactical weapon designed to exploit weaknesses in the test itself, and help you avoid the most common errors students make when taking the TOEFL. How to use this manual We don’t want to waste your time. This manual is fast-paced and fluff-free. We suggest going through it a number of times, trying out its methods on a number of official practice tests. First, read through the...
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...MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS Fully Accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business Program Overview The PhD in Management Information Systems (PhD in MIS) provides graduates with theoretical knowledge and methodological skills to help them establish successful careers as productive researchers, scientists and scholars at leading universities and research institutes as well as industrial or business organizations. Both the technical aspects and the organizational impact of information management are stressed. The PhD in MIS provides students with: • An interdisciplinary business understanding of how technology can affect an organization’s behavior, structure, and function • A thorough grounding in the fundamental concepts of the design, development, use and application of information and communication technologies in an organizational setting • Original knowledge in IS research Our Faculty Applicants are advised to review the specific research interests of faculty in each area so they may become familiar with the range and scope of research activity and identify a potential adviser within the specialization or combined areas of study. For more information on faculty research, visit go.uic.edu/PhDMIS. NSF IGERT DOCTORAL FELLOWSHIP IN ELECTRONIC SECURITY AND PRIVACY The UIC Liautaud Graduate School of Business invites applications for a new interdisciplinary PhD concentration in electronic security and privacy. Candidates will apply for a...
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...American University of Science & Technology English & Translation Department Course Syllabus Fall 2012-2013 Course Title: ENG 205 – English Communication Skills Chairperson: Mr. Fadi EL-Hakim Textbook * Public Speaking An Audience-Centered Approach By Steven A. Beebe –Susan J. Beebe, 8th edition * Writing Research Papers By James Lester, 11th edition Course Description Most careers require some level of public speaking ability, whether it involves making a proposal to your group or management at work, making a sales presentation, teaching people how to use a product or system, or making a presentation to your employees as a manager. Sometimes we face other public speaking situations; including teaching young people how to do something, making our opinion known at a public meeting, or commemorating special events. Course Objective: The aim of this course is to help students become a more effective and responsible speaker and listener. It will encourage them to communicate more openly in different settings (speeches, group discussion, interviews, etc.). This course will also enhance effective public speaking skills, and research methodology techniques. Learning Outcomes: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to: * differentiate between the basic forms of speeches: informative and persuasive. * become articulate in speech making * increase your confidence in your public speaking ability. * learn principles of...
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...Albers School of Business and Economics APPlIcAtIon 2011– 2012 The GraduaTe ProGrams of seaTTle universiTy Application Instructions and Procedures Thank you for applying to Seattle University. This packet contains copies of the required admission documents for the graduate programs of the Albers School of Business and Economics. All application materials must be received by the application deadline to receive full consideration. Priority deadlines are listed below. Later applicants will be considered on a space available basis. International applicants should refer to deadlines listed below and additional information on page 2. If applying for any of the Executive programs in the Albers School, please use their specific application packet. The following documents should be sent directly to Graduate Admissions using the address noted on the top of the application form: • Complete graduate application form and a $55 nonrefundable application fee. The fee is waived for Seattle University alumni. • Submit an official, degree-posted transcript in the original sealed envelope from the last 90 quarter/60 semester credits of your bachelor’s degree, including any transfer institution credit earned during this time period. Official transcripts from any post-baccalaureate institution will also be required. Exceptions to the policy are noted with the degree requirements. Priority Application Deadlines for Terms of Entry 2011-2012 • Evidence of the minimum of an earned four-year...
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