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Top Down Ecology Worksheet

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EcoBeaker: Top-Down Control
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Please complete all questions on this worksheet, save and upload to Canvas. Please format your answers in bold font or a different color so that your instructor can find them.
Exercise 1: Interactions in a Two-Level System [ 3.1 ] Which of the two is the better competitor under most conditions—green algae or 
cyanobacteria?
 [ 3.2 ] Which of the two can grow to the larger size—Daphnia or Bosmina?
[ 4.1 ] Examine the graphs of population size and record the number of each species in the DATA TABLE 1 below, in the Trial 1 column. You can click on the bars on the graph to obtain exact values.
[ 5.1 ] Record the population sizes for Trial 2 and Trial 3 in the respective columns in DATA TABLE 1.
[ 5.2 ] Calculate the average population size for each species from your three trials and record in DATA TABLE 1. DATA TABLE 1. POPULATION SIZES PRESENT IN THE LAKE TRIAL 1 TRIAL 2 TRIAL 3 AVERAGE Green Algae Cyanobacteria Daphnia Bosmina
[ 5.3 ] Are your results consistent with what you learned about each species from the library entries? Explain.

Exercise 2: Adding Alewife
[ 3.1 ] Examine the graphs of population size and record the number of each species in DATA TABLE 2 below.
[ 4.1 ] Record your data in the Trial 2 and Trial 3 columns in DATA TABLE 2.
[ 4.2 ] Calculate the average population size for each species from your three trials and record in DATA TABLE 2. DATA TABLE 2. POPULATION SIZES WITH ALEWIFE PRESENT TRIAL 1 TRIAL 2 TRIAL 3 AVERAGE Green Algae Cyanobacteria Daphnia Bosmina
[ 4.3 ] Combine your two sets of average population sizes into DATA TABLE 3.

DATA TABLE 3. AVERAGE POPULATION SIZES WITH AND WITHOUT ALEWIFE

AVERAGE AVERAGE POPULATION SIZE POPULATION SIZE WITHOUT ALEWIFE WITH ALEWIFE

Green Algae Cyanobacteria Daphnia
Bosmina

[ 4.4 ] Write a short description of each lake community (with and without alewife). Then use the information you’ve recorded to list as many differences as you can between them. Because there is a lot of variability between runs (just as in real life), you may choose to do more runs with or without alewife as you write your description.

-------------------------------------------------
[ 4.5 ] In your observations above, did you comment on whether the total population size in each trophic level had changed? Did you comment on whether the dominant species within each trophic level had changed? If not, make observations on those changes below.
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Exercise 3: Experimental Lakes

[ 1.1 ] Based on your results so far, which species do you predict is the better competitor? Why?
[ 5.1 ] Did you predict correctly? Explain, using your results to support your explanation.
-------------------------------------------------

Exercise 4: Experimental Tanks

[ 4.1 ] Record the number of time-steps required for the Daphnia to eat the algae.
-------------------------------------------------

Exercise 5: Go For It

[ 1.1 ] If you want to see which species of phytoplankton grows most rapidly, which experimental setup would you use (Experimental Lakes, Experimental Tanks, or the original simulated lake in Add Alewife)? Why?
[2.1] If you want to see which species of phytoplankton Daphnia prefer to eat, which experimental setup would you use?
[2.2] Now conduct your experiments! You may need additional paper as you develop your ideas but be sure to record your hypotheses, predictions, experimental protocols, and resulting data in the space provided below. Then go on to summarize your results.
HYPOTHESES

EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOLS

RESULTS

[ 5.1 ] Write a 1-2 page report on your results, explaining what changes take place when small fish are added to a lake, why the changes take place, and how you know why they take place (i.e., your observations, experiments, results, and interpretations).
NOTE from Kight: Don’t cut corners on this! This report is worth a considerable portion of the grade on this assignment. Bring everything you learned this semester to bear and produce a high quality report of your work. I look forward to reading about your own original experiments!

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