...Transition The First Ten Years Analysis and Lessons for Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union Transition The First Ten Years Analysis and Lessons for Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union THE WORLD BANK Washington, D.C. © 2002 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433 All rights reserved. 1 2 3 4 5 05 04 03 02 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed here are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank cannot guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply on the part of the World Bank any judgment of the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is copyrighted. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or inclusion in any information storage and retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the World Bank. The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc, 222 Rosewood...
Words: 72270 - Pages: 290
...inspiration in the making of this paper; the researchers family and friends, who have supported the researchers in their time of need; Mr. Sherwin Magon, who provided us with invaluable information regarding the Transition; the Directory of Open Access Journals, who gave the researchers references to complete the research paper; and the almighty father, who gave the researchers strength to battle through the tough times the researchers encountered during the process of creating this research paper “Cultivate the habit of being grateful for every good thing that comes to you, and to give thanks continuously. And because all things have contributed to your advancement, you should include all things in your gratitude.” ― Ralph Waldo Emerson D.N.C.F J.C.M.F A.R.O.G Abstract Today, Transportation has become one of our daily needs. With the introduction of Terrafugia’s flying car: the Transition, this necessity would become less of a problem in our day-to-day lives. This research aimed to discover the problems, prospects and possibilities that the Transition will bring. The researchers used a qualitative method of research using library research. The researchers also Interviewed Engr. Sherwin Magon to have a broader understanding on the concept of flying cars. the Transition is a light sport aircraft approved by the National Aviation Society. It has...
Words: 3828 - Pages: 16
...Addition * furthermore * moreover * too * also * in the second place * again * in addition * even more * next * further * last, lastly * finally * besides * and, or, nor * first * second, secondly, etc. Time * while * immediately * never * after * later, earlier * always * when * soon * whenever * meanwhile * sometimes * in the meantime * during * afterwards * now, until now * next * following * once * then * at length * simultaneously * so far * this time * subsequently Place * here * there * nearby * beyond * wherever * opposite to * adjacent to * neighboring on * above, below Exemplification or Illustration * to illustrate * to demonstrate * specifically * for instance * as an illustration * e.g., (for example) * for example Comparison * in the same way * by the same token * similarly * in like manner * likewise * in similar fashion Contrast * yet * and yet * nevertheless * nonetheless * after all * but * however * though * otherwise * on the contrary * in contrast * notwithstanding * on the other hand * at the same time Clarification * that is to say * in other words * to explain * i.e., (that is) * to clarify * to rephrase...
Words: 1597 - Pages: 7
...TRANSISI DALAM PERUBAHAN ( Transitions) A. PENDAHULUAN Setiap orang pasti pernah mengalami suatu peristiwa yang telah membawa suatu perubahan penting didalam kehidupannya. Peristiwa itu bisa berupa antara lain; kehilangan orang yg dikasihi, perubahan pekerjaan, karir, atau keuangan, menurunnya kesehatan fisik, perubahan tempat tinggal, perubahan dlm rumah tangga ( menikah, punya anak ), dll. Roma 8:28; Kita tahu sekarang, bahwa Allah turut bekerja dalam segala sesuatu untuk mendatangkan kebaikan bagi mereka yang mengasihi Dia, yaitu bagi mereka yang terpanggil sesuai dengan rencana Allah. Dari ayat tsb diatas kita tahu bahwa Allah dapat memakai semua perubahan yg terjadi didalam hidup kita untuk kebaikkan kita. Sekalipun itu adalah janji Allah, tapi ada bagian Allah dan ada bagian kita manusia. Bagian kita adalah bekerja sama dengan Allah agar perubahan apapun yg menimpa hidup kita, kita tetap berada dalam rencana Allah untuk membentuk kita serupa dng Kristus dan namaNya tetap dipermuliakan lewat perubahan tsb. Dalam hal ini bagaimana respons kita terhadap perubahan itu sangatlah penting. Didalam setiap perubahan yg terjadi selalu akan dibarengi oleh proses transisi ( terjadi didalam pribadi orang yg mengalami perubahan tsb ), yg merupakan respons terhadap perubahan tsb. Perubahan ( change ) sifatnya external dan situasional; menikah, dapat pekerjaan baru, dipecat, dapat anak, ditinggal oleh orang yg dikasihi, dll. ...
Words: 1321 - Pages: 6
...Agreement / Addition / Similarity in the first place, not only ... but also, as a matter of fact, in like manner, in addition coupled with, in the same fashion / way, first, second, third, İn the light of, not to mention, to say nothing of, equally important, by the same token, again, to, and, also, then, equally, identically, uniquely, like, as, too, moreover, as well as, together with, of course, likewise, comparatively, correspondingly, similarly, furthermore, additionally Opposition / Limitation / Contradiction although this may be true, in contrast, different from, of course ..., but, on the other hand, on the contrary, at the same time, in spite of, even so / though be that as it may, then again, Above all, in reality, after all, but, (and) still, unlike, or, (and) yet, while, albeit, besides, as much as, even though, although, instead whereas, despite, conversely, otherwise, however, rather, nevertheless, nonetheless, regardless, notwithstanding Cause / Condition / Purpose in the event that, granted (that), as / so long as, on (the) condition (that), for the purpose of, with this intention, with this in mind, in the hope that, to the end that, for fear that, in order to, seeing / being that, in view of, If, ... then, unless, when, whenever, while, because of, as, since, while, lest, in case, provided that, given that, only / even if, so that, so as to, owing...
Words: 1538 - Pages: 7
...result possibly the most studied of the class. VO2 is a strongly correlated electron system that exhibits a dramatic metal-insulator transition (MIT) near room temperature. In addition to the MIT, VO2 has also been shown to possess high temperature superconductivity and colossal magnetoresistance[2]. Thin films made of VO2 have been made into novel electronic devices including waveguides, thermochromic windows, ultra-fast optical switches, photonic crystals, and bolometers. The large diversity of physical and chemical properties that they can thus possess make them technologically important and a rich ground for basic research. We will review this and other properties of VO2 and discuss how the bonding and crystallographic symmetry give rise to these properties. Let us begin with the basics… In bulk form, vanadium oxides display different oxidation states and V–O coordination spheres. In VO2, we have V+4 and O-2 with coordination numbers of 6 and 3, respectively. Using Pauling electronegativities (V=1.6, O=3.5) we see that ΔE > 1.7, indicating ionic bonding. Indeed, this is the case in the monoclinic phase. However, since there is a difference in electronegativity, we know that the bond has polar character. As VO2 undergoes the MIT near the critical temperature Tc=68oC, it is accompanied by a structural transformation and a transition from ionic bonding to metallic bonding[1]. Below Tc, the semiconducting phase takes the monoclinic structure; above Tc the metallic...
Words: 1934 - Pages: 8
... B- Post Mao era (Deng era 1976-1994)………..…………………………………………………….……….p 5 II- The process of transition……………………………………..………………………………………………………..p 5 III- Success and consequences of China’s economic transition….………………………………………p 6 IV- Challenges…………………………………………………………………………….……………..………...……………p 8 CONCLUSION…………………………………..………………………………………………………………………………..p 9 BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………….……p 11 APPENDICES…………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………….…..p 12 INTRODUCTION | China is now becoming the world’s most prominent up and coming super power. It is a country steeped with a long and chequered past and the history books will show that it deserves its place amongst world leaders. In the last century China has experienced some of its most turbulent years and only in the very latter part of the century has it come to overthrow the oppressive shackles that have haunted the nation from the Mao era. However the case could be argued that the Mao era may have been the catalyst for much of the good that can be found in the Chinese approach to growing a stable economy. Rather than introducing radical reforms and provoking social unrest, the Deng era of Chinese rule introduced a two-track transition process that has allowed the country to gradually move from a centrally planned economy to a wiser free market one. China’s “two track transition” resonates from the countries understandably negative outlook on radical reforms given the countries...
Words: 3331 - Pages: 14
...Quantum-Criticality in Dissipative Quantum Two-Dimensional XY and Ashkin-Teller Models: Application to the Cuprates Vivek Aji and C. M. Varma Physics Department, University of California, Riverside, CA 92507 In a recent paper1 we have shown that the dissipation driven quantum phase transition of the 2D xy model represents a universality class where the correlations at criticality is local in space and power law in time. Here we provide a detailed analysis of the model. The local criticality is brought about by the decoupling of infrared singularities in space and time. The former leads to a Kosterlitz Thouless transition whereby the excitations of the transverse component of the velocity field (vortices) unbind in space. The latter on the other hand leads to a transition among excitations (warps) in the longitudinal component of the velocity field, which unbind in time. The quantum Ashkin-Teller model, with which the observed loop order in the Cuprates is described maps in the critical regime to the quantum xy model. We also discuss other models which are expected to have similar properties. arXiv:0901.4758v2 [cond-mat.supr-con] 29 Apr 2009 The dissipative quantum 2D xy model was introduced2,3 to describe experiments on ultrathin granular Superconducting films, where it was observed that above a normal-state sheet resistance of order RQ = h/4e2 the resistivity does not decrease towards 0 even at the lowest temperatures studied.4 . The granular superconductor is represented...
Words: 9783 - Pages: 40
...target every 5 sec Whenever the debuff is dispelled or its target dies, it jumps to a nearby unit - including adds How to deal with it? The debuffed player has to run next the off tank with the adds and dispel him there, so the plague will jump to an add Phase 1.5 and 2.5 - Transition phases - Everyone except off tank - Off tank At 70% hp transition phase takes place and lasts for 1 minute He will begin casting Remorseless Winter, so the raid must flee on the edge of the platform to get out of the spell Transition phases are almost just about controlling the spawning adds The off tank will move the remaining Shambling(s) and the Ghouls to his spot faced away The main tank will drag the missed ghouls into the stacking raid so they can be killed Raging Spirits will spawn during this fight every 20 seconds It's a target's spirit and the target will be attacked, but the off tank will taunt it asap and face it away from the raid When the 3. Spirit is summoned, Lich King casts quake, which destroys the outer ring of the platform The raid has 2,5 seconds to move away from the edge, onto the platform If a player has Nectrotic Plague debuff in the start of the transition phase, just run away 10y from the raid to get dispelled, the Plague will no longer jump There will also spawn Frost Orbs which heads toward the raid but are easily killed by a...
Words: 646 - Pages: 3
...IV. Corporate Culture What is this powerful force called “organizational culture” that can determine success or failure in an acquisition and merger. It has been defined in various ways that to work with the culture of an organization is to work with all aspects of a company. “It is the traditions, shared beliefs, and expectations about how individuals behave and accomplish tasks in organizations (Cartwright & Cooper, 1993).” All organizations have a culture, and consistent set of beliefs, shared by most of the members of the organization about how people should behave at work and what tasks and goals are important. The culture also includes and is shaped by the pattern of successful internal responses to adapt to external threats and issues. Since, the culture is results of past successes it will resist change even though a change in the environment, specifically a merger or acquisition, might impose a change in the culture. Economic globalization is viewed by some as the best hope for world stability, by others as the greatest threat. But almost everyone accepts that businesses of all types must embrace it. Organizational culture is a big aspect to globalizations. For recent years more and more international companies has merged. There are very successful acquisitions and mergers, but on the other hand, there are also unsuccessful mergers due to the differences of corporate culture. Some factors of the difference of corporate culture that firms need...
Words: 2475 - Pages: 10
...and unstable (f”< 0)subareas of the curve are separated with the spinodal. If the systems is reduced below a critical temperature, it undergoes a split into two phases this is known as a homogeneous state. The path to phase division conventionally is referred as spinodal decomposition if it is an inner state of the spinodal and nucleation if it is in a metastable area or region. Phase transition The qualitative changes that occur in equilibrium state of a system and those changes act as externally imposed constraints is referred to as phase transition. The constraints may be physical quantities such as pressure, temperature, concentration or any other. In the subsequent section, I will bear in mind that a transition as a function of temperature. It is possible to change the quantity observed in these transitions in a qualitative manner as a function of temperature. It is evident that something is happening in the transition phase and it is possible that more than one quantity can be observed. There are many parameters such as temperature and pressure that can drive a transition phase. The high...
Words: 346 - Pages: 2
...molecular process on the basis of response time, providing a unique relaxation frequency along with a signature variation with frequency. If an electric field is applied on dipoles, we get polarization. Broadband polarization was applied in time and frequency domains. Dr. Casalini talked abut how a sample can be analyzed when it is immersed into a high pressure cell in Dielectric spectrometer. In the broadband dielectric system under hydrostatic pressure and broad range of frequency the sample is analyzed. Dr. Casalini also talked abut the transition states of liquid to super-cooled liquids then to glass, which are the major phase transitions related in glass formation. At transition point’s temperature Tg, a laser light is applied to heat polymer materials. Using pressure as a constant variable and temperature as a changing variable it is possible to model the glass transition state. He used some mathematical models that he had tested on glass transition dynamics. In his lab more than seventy materials were identified or verified using thermodynamical scaling models. Moreover he talked about how Lenard Jones potential plot and soft-sphere potential can be used to verify repulsive forces that reside in intramolecular potentials and experimental evidences that depicted intramolecuar potentials for materials in their amorphous...
Words: 252 - Pages: 2
...A PAPER ON “SELF-HEALING POLYMER TECHNOLOGY” [pic] SUBMITTED BY: Sreeja Gadhiraju, Naga vaishnavi.A, III/IV Mech, Sri Sivani Institute Of Technology. sreeja.btech@gmail.com INDEX |Topic |Page No. | | | | |ABSTRACT |1 | |introduction |2 | |INTRINSIC SELF-HEALING |2-3 | |EXTRINSIC SELF-HEALING |4-5 | |HEALING MECHANISM | 5-7 | |APPLICATION |7-8 | |PROBLEM AND CHALLENGES |9 | |CONCLUSION ...
Words: 2993 - Pages: 12
...In physics and chemistry, plasma is a state of matter similar to gas in which a certain portion of the particles are ionized. After sufficient heating a gas dissociates its molecular bonds, rendering it into constituent atoms. However, further heating may also lead to ionization (a loss or gain of electrons) of the molecules or atoms of the gas, thus turning it into a plasma, containing charged particles: positive ions and negative electrons.[1] The presence of a non-negligible number of charge carriers makes the plasma electrically conductive so that it responds strongly to electromagnetic fields. Plasma, therefore, has properties quite unlike those of solids, liquids, or gases and is considered a distinct state of matter. Like gas, plasma does not have a definite shape or a definite volume unless enclosed in a container; unlike gas, under the influence of a magnetic field, it may form structures such as filaments, beams and double layers. Some common plasmas are stars and neon signs. In the universe, plasma is the most common state of matter for ordinary matter, most of which is in the rarefied intergalactic plasma (particularly intracluster medium) and in stars. States of matter are the distinct forms that different phases of matter take on. Solid, liquid and gas are the most common states of matter on Earth. However, much of the baryonic matter of universe is in the form of hot plasma, both as rarefied interstellar medium and as dense stars. Historically, the distinction...
Words: 857 - Pages: 4
...No. 2060 August 7, 2007 The Estonian Economic Miracle The Honorable Mart Laar Estonia is a small country in Northern Europe on the Baltic Sea, at the crossroads of East and West, South and North. Samuel Huntington states that the Estonian border is a border of Western civilization, a border where civilizations clash.1 This has made Estonia interesting to historians but hard for people who live there. Throughout history, Estonians have had to fight for their freedom. In 1918, Estonia declared independence. It was occupied by the Soviet Union in 1940 during the Second World War. We fought the communist terror during the war but were defeated. As a result of the occupation, Estonia lost nearly 20 percent of its population. But we never gave up. When the 1980s offered us a new chance, we took advantage of it. Estonia became one of the first countries to pry open the cracks in the Soviet Empire. Finally, in 1991, after 50 years of occupation, Estonia became free again. We had freedom but little else. Estonia was destroyed during the period of communist rule. In 1939, Estonia’s living standards and way of life were more or less the same as neighboring Finland’s. Then Estonia lost its independence, but Finland, despite losing territory and population, succeeded in keeping its independence. Life under two different political systems created a huge disparity in the development of Finland and Estonia. People learned and worked hard on both sides of the Finnish Bay, but only the Finns...
Words: 7623 - Pages: 31
