...Chronic Disease: Diabetes, Description of diabetes is when a person eats sugars and starches, the body changes them rapidly into a sugar called glucose. In diabetes, the mechanism that controls the amount of glucose in the blood breaks down. The blood sugar level rises to dangerously high levels as a result, causing symptoms and damage to the body. Diabetes is actually a group of diseases characterized by high levels of blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin production, insulin action, or both, resulting in either hypo- which is abnormally low blood sugar or hyperglycemia which is an elevated concentration of sugar in the blood. There are many risk factors to diabetes; type 1 diabetes is when you get the disease when you are a child the pancreas stops producing insulin. Insulin is a hormone your body needs to be able to use the energy -- sugar-- found in food. The primary risk factor for type 1 diabetes is a family history of this lifelong, chronic disease. Genetics and family history, having family members with diabetes is a major risk factor. The American Diabetes Association recommends that anyone with a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes -- a mother, father, sister, or brother -- should get screened for diabetes. A simple blood test can diagnose type 1 diabetes. The second type of diabetes is Type 2, the risk factors for this type is when your body cannot use the insulin that is being produced, a condition called insulin resistance. Though it typically...
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...Psychology and Diabetes Student’s Name: Institution: Instructor’s Name: Course Name: Introduction Diabetes is often referred to as diabetes mellitus and can be defined as a condition in which an individual has high levels of blood sugar as a result of inadequate or insufficient production of insulin in the body. Additionally, it may be caused by the failure of body cells to respond appropriately to the insulin. As such, patients usually have a higher than normal rate of urination. Majority of the world’s population usually acquire diabetes due to poor dietary habits thus increasing their risk of contracting the disease. However, practicing healthy dietary practices can go a long way in reducing the risk of contracting the disease. This paper seeks to review a psychology educational program within the community which aims at educating and enlightening people on diabetes. Overview Diabetes can be of either type 1 or type 2. Type 1 diabetes often affects individuals in their early years before they reach their forty’s (Illovsky, 2013). Patients with this type of diabetes often survive on insulin injections so as to regulate their blood sugar levels. Type 1 in this the body does not produce insulin; people with it are needed to take insulin daily. On the other hand, type 2 diabetes often affects old aged peopled due to complications in their metabolism. In type 2 the body does not produce or use insulin properly; people with it are needed to often to take insulin or...
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...World Health Day 2016: Beat diabetes 7 April 2016 - World Health Day Background In 2008, an estimated 347 million people in the world had diabetes and the prevalence is growing, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. In 2012, the disease was the direct cause of some 1.5 million deaths, with more than 80% of those occurring in low- and middle-income countries. WHO projects that diabetes will be the 7th leading cause of death by 2030. Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar, gives us the energy that we need to live. If it cannot get into the cells to be burned as energy, sugar builds up to harmful levels in the blood. There are 2 main forms of the diabetes. People with type 1 diabetes typically make none of their own insulin and therefore require insulin injections to survive. People with type 2 diabetes, the form that comprises some 90% of cases, usually produce their own insulin, but not enough or they are unable to use it properly. People with type 2 diabetes are typically overweight and sedentary, 2 conditions that raise a person’s insulin needs. Over time, high blood sugar can seriously compromise every major organ system in the body, causing heart attacks, strokes, nerve damage, kidney failure, blindness, impotence and infections that can lead to amputations. World Health Day 2016: Key messages ...
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...abnormally because it cannot effectively pump blood through the body. Many people today who have heart disease have lifelong disabilities like chest pains, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Living with these disabilities can certainly decrease the quality of life one may have. Knowing ways to control heart disease will empower the choices to change the lifestyle. Some changes give the ability to modify the risks while other changes are impossible. For example, if heart disease attributes to family history and environmental factors, there is likely chance the generations to come will encounter the disease. Controllable changes include any current behaviors such as smoking, drinking, diet and exercise. Major risk factors for heart disease are diabetes, cigarette smoking, elevated cholesterol, hypertension, and obesity. Diabetes is known to create fatty deposits over time inside the wall of the blood vessels. These deposits may affect blood flow creating an increase chance of clotting or the hardening of the blood vessels. A diabetic with type 2 diabetes is twice as...
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...How to control complication of type 2 Diabetes Palakkumar Patel Monroe College Abstract This paper is presenting about how to control complication of type 2 diabetes. In the USA 90% of diabetes patients suffering from type 2 diabetes. In every year lots of patients going to die due to type 2 diabetes complication. In previous studies review is presenting about due to type 2 diabetes so many complications are occurring in different part of the body and some study is presenting about due to health education we can reduce the problem in community. By doing heath education, continues health check up and doing some personal health counseling about diet and personal lifestyles.in school health education also effect on child on diet personal life styles. How to control complication of type 2 Diabetes Chapter 1: Introduction Diabetes is a leading cause of adult-onset blindness, kidney failure, and non traumatic limb amputations; significantly higher risk for coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, and stroke, and they have a hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity; Diabetes is a the seventh leading cause of death in the United States (1). USA is expending $245 billion annually for health care expenditures and productivity losses and is a leading driver of growing Medicare expenditures for controlling glucose levels, blood pressure (BP), and lipid levels and avoiding tobacco, singularly or in combination, reduce the incidence of costly and disabling micro- and...
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...Introduction Chronic diseases are common, costly and share mutual risk factors. Diabetes is a chronic disease that effects more than 347 million people worldwide, with approximately 90% of all the cases being type II diabetes (WHO, 1999). Diabetes is a condition where the body does not produce adequate amounts of insulin or does not use the insulin properly. Insulin is a hormone that regulates the amount of sugar (glucose) in the blood, causing cells to use it for energy or store it as fat for future use. Type 2 diabetics have poor insulin sensitivity, resulting in the buildup of glucose in the blood rather than being used as energy (https://www.diabetes.ca/). A physically inactive lifestyle is one of the major risk factors for diabetes. Promoting healthy lifestyle behaviours such as proper nutrition, physical activity, quitting smoking and reducing alcohol consumption can help in reducing the amount of Canadians being diagnosed with diabetes and other chronic diseases. Prevention programs for diabetes implement low – to moderate intensity exercise. Although an ideal intensity has not been established, more research is showing that high intensity training may be more effective in improving glycemic control in Type II diabetes. Purpose/Question Physical activity in combination with diet and medication are the foundations of prevention, management and treatment for type II diabetes. According to research, exercise is the only treatment to show improvement in whole body skeletal...
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...cancer diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Eating a well balanced diet can help reduce people’s chances of enduring chronic diseases such as cancer diabetes and cardiovascular disease while at the same time helping them promote a healthy and longer lifestyle. Implementing more vegetables fruits and whole grains in[change to “into” a diet] a diet can be the way to a longer healthier life for people of any age. Lifestyle changes have been seen in studies to decrease cancer risk even in high-risk women. One of the lifestyle changes that can help reduce the risk of cancer is eating a well-balanced diet. Eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables as well as whole grains can help reduce a person [Add apostrophe person’s chances of cancer] chances of cancer. The expert panel of the World Cancer Research Fund found that dieting improperly cause [causes] around one-third of all cancers deaths. It suggest[add “s”] dietary diversity to increase the likely hood of increasing balanced as well as more sufficient diets. There was compelling evidence of a well balanced diet or dietary protection against cancer of many portables. The evidence was more compatible for diets with more fruit and vegetables. In Australia in 1995 about 44% of males and 34% of females did not eat fruit for 24 hours prior to the National Nutrition Survey results show that only one in five Australian adults met the recommended 5 or more servings of vegetables each day and approximately one in two met the 2 servings...
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...Topic 4, DQ 1 The benefits of exercise extend far beyond weight management. Research shows that regular physical activity can help reduce your risk for several diseases and health conditions and improve your overall quality of life. Regular physical activity can help protect you from the following health problems. * Heart Disease and Stroke: Daily physical activity can help prevent heart disease and stroke by strengthening your heart muscle, lowering your blood pressure, raising your high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels (good cholesterol) and lowering low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels (bad cholesterol), improving blood flow, and increasing your heart's working capacity. Optimizing each of these factors can provide additional benefits of decreasing the risk for Peripheral Vascular Disease * High Blood Pressure: Regular physical activity can reduce blood pressure in those with high blood pressure levels. Physical activity reduces body fat, which is associated with high blood pressure. * Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes By reducing body fat, physical activity can help to prevent and control this type of diabetes. Heart disease has been the leading cause of death in the United States for the past 80 years and is a major cause of disability. Nearly 1 in 3 deaths in the U.S. each year is caused by heart disease and stroke. At least 200,000 of these deaths could have been prevented through changes in health habits, such as stopping smoking, more physical activity...
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...Vitamin C (ASCORBIC ACID) Overview Information Vitamin C is a vitamin. Some animals can make their own vitamin C, but people must get this vitamin from food and other sources. Good sources of vitamin C are fresh fruits and vegetables, especially citrus fruits. Vitamin C can also be made in a laboratory. Most experts recommend getting vitamin C from a diet high in fruits and vegetables rather than taking supplements. Fresh-squeezed orange juice or fresh-frozen concentrate is a better pick than ready-to-drink orange juice. The fresh juice contains more active vitamin C. Drink fresh-frozen orange juice within one week after reconstituting it for the most benefit. It you prefer ready-to-drink orange juice, buy it 3 to 4 weeks before the expiration date, and drink it within one week of opening. Historically, vitamin C was used for preventing and treating scurvy. Scurvy is now relatively rare, but it was once common among sailors, pirates, and others who spent long periods of time onboard ships. When the voyages lasted longer than the supply of fruits and vegetables, the sailors began to suffer from vitamin C deficiency, which led to scurvy. These days, vitamin C is used most often for preventing and treating the common cold. Some people use it for other infections including gum disease, acne and other skin infections, bronchitis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, stomach ulcers caused by bacteria called Helicobacter pylori, tuberculosis, dysentery (an...
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...Diabetes A Growing Health Concern in the U.S. Diabetes A Growing Health Concern In The U.S. According to (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). Diabetes can affect many parts of the body and therefore can result in serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. The pancreas makes a hormone called insulin, which in turn helps glucose to get into the cells of our bodies. When the pancreas does not produce enough insulin blood glucose levels can then become elevated and other metabolic abnormalities can occur, leading to more serious and disabling complications. Obesity is directly linked to the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. According to World Heart Federation (2015), “your risk of developing Type 2 diabetes and hypertension rises steeply. Statistics show that 58% of diabetes and 21% of ischemic heart disease are attributable to a BMI above 21.” (Why Obesity Causes Cardiovascular Disease). According to "Healthy People 2020" (2014), “diabetes affects an estimated 23.6 million people in the United States and is the 7th leading cause of death.” There are three common types of diabetes (Diabetes). 1. Type II – “Results from a combination of resistance to the action of insulin and insufficient insulin production.” (HealthyPeople.gov, 2014). Type II can be controlled by a person’s diet and physical activity, losing weight and when needed, medications. 2. Type I – The body is no longer able to produce...
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...Abstract Diabetes is a very serious disease often overlooked. Diabetes is a disease that affects 18.2 million people in the United States alone. This disease results when there is a high level of sugar in the blood for an extended period of time. It can be controlled by diet, exercise, pills and insulin injections. There are three main types of diabetes--Type I, which affects primarily the younger population; Type II, which primarily affects the population above 40; and gestational diabetes, which affects women during the third trimester of their pregnancy. While scientists do not know what causes diabetes, they do know that it is caused from a variety of factors that can vary from person to person. Examples of these factors are heredity, being overweight, and problems with beta cells, which are located in the pancreas. Diabetes can result in blurred vision, retinopathy, nerve problems, dry skin, and kidney issues. Diet plays a major role in the prevention of these problems. Sugar concentration in the blood is a major factor for diabetics, so understanding the sugar content of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates is essential. The goal from a diet perspective is to control your sugar in your bloodstream in such a way that the insulin in your bloodstream can manage it efficiently. In addition to diet, medication and exercise play a key role in controlling this disease. Currently, there is no known cure for diabetes. Introduction Diabetes is a chronic disease marked by high levels...
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...Epidemiology Paper According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics, "[By 1993] death certificates listed diabetes as the fifth leading cause of death for Blacks aged 45 to 64, and the third leading cause of death for those aged 65 and older in 1990” (Bailey, 2007, p. 1). These statistics show how serious the problem of diabetes has become in the black community. Epidemiological studies can focus the efforts of the healthcare community to effective interventions aimed at lowering the prevalence and incidence of diabetes among African Americans. Epidemiology Paper Roles This paper will explore the role of epidemiology in the surveillance of the incidence of diabetes in the morbidity and mortality of Americans of African descent. This paper will also discuss the definition and purpose of epidemiology, epidemiological methods, the epidemiological triangle and levels of prevention that is related with diabetes in the African American community. Definition and purpose of epidemiology in epidemiology paper The definition of epidemiology is very important if one is to use the definition to describe its purpose. “A common definition of epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of disease frequency in human populations” (Savitz, Poole, & Miller, 1999, p. 1159). A better description of epidemiology is the analysis of the incidence and spread of disease within populations, with the aim of establishing...
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...how the process of evidence-based practice can be utilized in the case of Mr. Banks to provide viable solutions to challenges faced as a result of depression and type 2 diabetes. The work commences with the problem identification. Then an answerable question is developed to guide the work in identifying the best evidence-based literature to address Mr. Banks’ issue. The identified scholarly material...
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...Diabetes Pathophysiology * The underlying pathophysiologic defect in type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Following this destruction, the individual has an absolute insulin deficiency and no longer produces insulin. Autoimmune beta cell destruction is thought to be triggered by an environmental event, such as a viral infection. Genetically determined susceptibility factors increase the risk of such autoimmune phenomena. * About 90% of diabetic Americans have type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is higher in African Americans, Native Americans, Hispanics, and Pacific Islanders than it is in Caucasians. Most type 2 diabetes patients are overweight, and most are diagnosed as adults. The genetic influence in type 2 diabetes is greater than that seen with type 1. While concordance rates between monozygous twins for type 1 diabetes are about 30 to 50%, the rate is approximately 90% for type 2 diabetes. Although the genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes is strong, no single genetic defect has been found. In addition to genetic influences, acquired risk factors for type 2 diabetes include obesity, advancing age, and an inactive lifestyle. CLINICAL MANIFESTATION * Type 1 Diabetes: About 5 to 10 percent of those with diabetes have type 1 diabetes. It's an autoimmune disease, meaning the body's own immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Patients with type 1 diabetes have very...
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...ADAL Tamara Zgadzaj Tutor: Thomas Torley This plan will examine three main long term problems affecting people with diabetes: • eyes • kidneys • heart and brain People with diabetes should visit an eye doctor regularly, every year for an eye exam. Eye problems that can occur with diabetes include : cataracts ( a clouding of the lens ), glaucoma (increased pressure in the eyes ), retinopathy ( eye changes with the retina in the back of the eye ). Symtoms of eye problems are : blurred vision, spots or lines in your vision, watery eyes, eye discomfort, and loss of vision. Diabetics should check for urine problems at least once a year. Proteins in the urine are a sign of kidney disease. Also, blood pressure should be checked regularly. Symtoms of kidney problems can include, swelling of the hands, feet, and face. Weight gain from edema, itching and drowsiness. If they will get promt treatment, there is a chance to slow down the changes in the kidneys. All people with diabetes have increased chance of heart disease and even stroke. Heart disease is the major cause of death for diabetics. It's important to control other risks such as high blood pressure and high fats ( cholesterol ), as well as blood sugar. Symtoms of heart attack are, shortness of breath, feeling faint, feeling dizzy,sweating, nausea, chest pain or pressure, pain in the shoulders, jaw and left arm. Warning signs of stroke are, sudden numbness or weakness in the face,arm, or leg, usually on...
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