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Types of Investments

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Types of investments.

On the objects of investments made to distinguish between the real (or CAPITAL) and financial investment.

The objects of real investment are:

1. Fixed assets;
2. Real estate;
3. Inventories;
4. Intangible assets;
5. Research and development work:
6. Training and skills development.

It should be noted that the cost of the last two objects, namely, research and development work, as well as training and skills development relate to investments, if they are carried out within the framework of the investment project.

The objects of financial investments are:

1. Securities;
2. Bank deposits;
3. Foreign currency;
4. Hoarding objects (precious metals and precious stones, articles made of them, as well as products of the collection of demand).

The real investment plays an important role in the development and effective functioning of the economy. This is evident from the definition of gross and net investment.

Gross investment is the total amount of real investment in a certain period, to the construction, purchase of capital goods and an increase of commodity-material values.
These costs are carried by investors due to:

a) Equity (profit and depreciation);
b) The borrowed funds (proceeds from issuance of shares and equity contributions);
c) Loans (loans, bond issues, etc.).

Net investment is gross investment amount reduced by the amount of depreciation in the period under review. Dynamics of net investment reflects the character of economic development on a particular juncture.

If the sum of net investment is negative, (gross investment is less than the sum of depreciation), this means a reduction in production capacity and as a consequence of the decrease in production.

If the sum of net investment is zero (gross investment is equal to the sum of depreciation), it means the absence of economic growth, that

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