...Unit 1 Government, Policies and the Public Service 14 January 2016 The impact of UK Government Policies on the Public Services Human rights Each UK citizen has certain rights, these include the rights to: Life, Prohibition of torture, Prohibition of slavery and forced labour, Liberty and security, A fair trial, No punishment without law, Respect for private and family life, Freedom of thought, conscience and religion, Freedom of expression, Freedom of assembly and association, Marry, Prohibition of discrimination, Protection of property, Education, Free elections, and Abolition of the death penalty. Environmental Air quality plan for reducing nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in Greater London urban area listing (UK0001) The Air quality plan is setting out what the government will be doing about improving the air quality in London as well as reduce nitrogen dioxide emissions. Another is “River Thames: application for registration of a launch” The government are setting out a registration for a powered boat to be in the river thames. The boats that are not included are Kayaks, canoes, and other non powered boats. The reason for this is to attempt reduction in emissions and other toxic wastes. All boats kept, rented, or let for hire must be registered with the Environment Agency (Inland Waterways) Order 2010 annually to calculate the amount of emissions entering the water. Affecting the military services Declaration of war Some policies have an immediate impact...
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...Tnegra Design Development of connection policy for distributed generation in the UK Gareth Evans Technical Directorate, Ofgem The British Electricity & Gas Regulator 1 gareth.evans@ofgem.gov.uk ERRA DG Working Group - July 2007 Tnegra Design Development of connection policy for distributed generation in the UK • Introducing Ofgem • The challenge of DG • Connection incentives • The Electricity Networks Strategy Group • The Energy White Paper • Conclusions 2 ERRA DG Working Group - July 2007 Tnegra Design Development of connection policy for distributed generation in the UK • Introducing Ofgem • The challenge of DG • Connection incentives • The Electricity Networks Strategy Group • The Energy White Paper • Conclusions 3 ERRA DG Working Group - July 2007 Tnegra Design About • Total staff currently ~300 • Principal disciplines: – Economists 50% – Finance/Admin 15% – Legal 6% – Social/Environmental 6% – Technical 6% • Overall Budget ~£30m per year 4 Ofgem’s main office near Houses of Parliament + small office in Glasgow ERRA DG Working Group - July 2007 Tnegra Design Principal objective • Our first priority is to protect the interests of consumers now and for the future. We do this by: – promoting markets/competition wherever appropriate, and – regulating effectively the monopoly companies which run the gas and electricity networks 5 ERRA DG Working Group - July 2007 Tnegra...
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...UK manufacturing has been in relative decline since the 1960s. Manufacturing as a share of real GDP has fallen from 30% in 1970 to 12% in 2010. This essay answer looks at the reasons why, and how significant government policies are as a cause. Manufacturing plays a crucial role in the competitiveness of the UK economy. Despite this, for far too long government policy has neglected manufacturing. During this period of neglect British manufacturing firms have repositioned themselves away from price-based competition more towards forms of non-price based competitiveness. The recent re-shoring of manufacturing to the UK is the start of a much needed trend. The University of Birmingham is funding a two year research project entitled ‘Regeneration Economies: Transforming People, Places and Production’. This project is exploring new policy solutions that will support British manufacturing. There is a need to develop a much better understanding of regional and national economies. High value manufacturing firms no longer sell products, but many solutions combine manufactured products with embedded services. Thus, a manufacturing policy must be simultaneously a service policy. There is a need to encourage universities and colleges to provide courses that blend technical training with an understanding of services, this is where the government comes in, by making these changes to education The Regeneration Economies project is also exploring major developments in engineering that have the...
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...One policy that this essay will cover as a way to reduce the unemployment level is monetary policy. Monetary policy is the manipulation of interest rates and more recently quantitative easing to control the economy. For the UK, this is run by the ‘Monetary Policy committee’ within the Bank of England. At the moment, interest rates are at 0.5%, which is very low and the committee intends to make the most of this by using this to create an increase in consumption. If interest rates are low then it is cheaper for consumers to borrow and so they may increase spending using borrowed money. This would lead to an increase in aggregate demand. Since, labour is a demand, an increase in consumption would lead to an increase in demand for labour, hence reducing the unemployment level in the UK because companies/firms, need to meet the increase in demand by hiring people to produce whatever is demanded. However, this will not always work as companies can often have their goods stockpiled and so when the demand increases, they can just sell their existing stock and not need to increase their staff. To add to this doubt, banks are known to reluctant to lend to people and so they might not get the sufficient funds to spend more anyway. Another policy that should be considered is the fiscal policy. Fiscal policy is how the government uses its powers over spending, taxation and borrowing to affect the economy. One method to increase employment is by increasing aggregate demand through an...
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...membership on the UK This note examines the various channels through which membership of the EU affects the UK economy. A general sense of the EU’s economic impact can be gained by reading Section 1 alone. Subsequent sections deal with particular issues, such as the EU’s effect on UK trade relations, in more detail, and compare the UK’s situation with alternative arrangements. Contents 1 Introduction and summary 2 2 Cost-benefit analyses of EU membership 5 3 The effect of the EU on UK trade relations 6 4 Impact of immigration from the EU 16 5 The impact of EU regulation 20 6 Fiscal consequences of EU membership – the EU budget 23 7 The EU’s effect on consumer prices 28 8 Foreign direct investment (FDI) 30 Appendix table: a comparison of the EU with alternative trading arrangements 32 Boxes Would independence over trade policy lead to better results? 15 The EU budget – winners and losers 27 Trade barriers and economic efficiency 29 Related Library briefings Leaving the EU, Research Paper RP13/42 In brief: UK-EU economic relations, Standard Note SN6091 Norway’s relationship with the EU, Standard Note SN6522 Switzerland’s relationship with the EU, Standard Note SN6090 The UK and Europe: time for a new relationship?, Standard Note SN6393 1 Introduction and summary 1.1 Understanding the economic impact of EU membership EU membership influences the UK economy in...
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...OBJECTIVE TO KNOW THE CUSTOMER PREFERENCE TOWARD THE CADBURY’S CHOCOLATES. TO KNOW THAT THE CONSUMERS ARE FULLY AWARE ABOUT THE CADBURY’S CHOCOLATES. Introduction The Cadbury’s Inc has taken the opportunity to offer us a broader view of chocolate category. The Cadbury India’s no.1 Chocolate is able to share with their market insights based upon unparalleled breath of chocolate experience. Cadbury has grown from strength to strength with new technologies being introduced to make the Cadbury confectionary business, one of the most efficient in the world. The merge in 1969 with Schweppes and the subsequent development of the business have led to Cadbury Schweppes taking the led in both, the confectionary and soft drink market in tech UK and becoming a major force in the international market. Cadbury Schweppes today manufactures product in 60 countries and a trade in staggering 120. The Cadbury story is a fascinating story of a family business that grew in one of the biggest, most loved chocolate brand in the world. A story that you will remember as the story of “The taste of life”. Milk chocolate for eating was first made by Cadbury in 1897 by adding milk powder paste to the dark...
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...Table of Contents Task 1 2 Different types of organizations and the purpose 2 1.1 Purpose of organization 2 1.2 Meeting Stakeholders objectives 4 1.3 The responsibilities that the Sainsbury organization has and the strategies they employ to meet these responsibilities. 6 Task 2 8 2.1 Different economic systems and resource allocation 8 2.2 Impact of fiscal and monetary policies in Business Organization 11 2.3 Impact of Competition policy and other regulatory mechanisms on the business 12 Task 3 14 Behaviour of Organisation in the Market Place 14 3.1 Market structure to determine the pricing and output decisions of businesses 14 3.2 Market forces shape organizational responses 15 3.3 The business and cultural environments shape the behaviour of an organization 16 Task 4 19 4.1 The significance of international trade to UK business organizations 19 4.2 The impact of global factors on UK business organizations 21 4.3 The impact of policies of the European Union on UK business organizations 25 Conclusion 28 References 29 Task 1 Different types of organizations and the purpose 1.1 Purpose of organization Before we learn about the types of organizations, we need to learn the basic purpose of setting organizations. The main purpose of organization is to provide a pathway to their business setup and to set the main objective for their business. Organizations help in making profit in a standard way. The different purpose of organizations...
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...Evidence-based policy-making offers the potential to strengthen the quality and effectiveness of environmental policy at each stage of the policy cycle. Introduction: According to Davies, 2004, the evidence decision making policy is the approach that helps the masses informed about the decision, policies, programme and project by putting the evidences in the policy and making it the heart of the policy development and the implementation. Evidence based policy making is that approach that promotes the particular method for producing particular evidence in the process of the policy making. It helps in assessing the policy, in term of what works. The evidence based policy making is about 10 years old. And it is used widely by the government in its environment policy making. It is generally consider that the policy Making based on the evidence is generally a good process. But this practice is very challenging and is still evolving. The link between the researcher and the policy maker is still need to be stronger, as it is required that the policy maker should tell the demand of the evidence in much advance and the researcher should be able to do it routinely. But still it is the area of weakness. Policies are all around us and indirectly or directly they affect many aspect of our life often we ask our self that what is the procedure of formation of these policies, why politicians have decided to implement that policy, and not another one. In formation of any policy some international...
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...European Equity Research UK – Food & Drugs Retailers Madrid, October 6, 2010 TESCO Better International Should Help Re-rating RECOMMENDATION UPGRADED TO BUY FROM HOLD TARGET PRICE RAISED TO GBP490 FROM GBP450 BUY CURRENT PRICE: GBP430 TARGET PRICE: GBP490 Jaime Vázquez (+34) 91 289 5436 javazquez@gruposantander.com Borja Olcese (34) 91 289 1853 fdolcese@gruposantander.com We upgrade Tesco from Hold to Buy and raise our Dec-11 TP from GBp450 to GBp490. The two key highlights from the 1H11 results are the better than expected international LFLs in 2Q and the increased confidence in the US. Management provided more detail than usual at the presentation, which we believe denotes confidence. International LFL: 4.1% in 2Q after 0% in 1Q. We believe LFL is the key driver of CROI and not scale via openings. With better LFLs, the ‘maturing effect’ looks more credible to us. In the four most mature countries, the CROI of the mature assets (>4 years) is 220bp higher than the CROI of all assets. US to break even in 2012E/13E: the improvement in LFLs and other underlying metrics show that the key components of a profitable model are coming together. The worsening of overall losses in 1H from US$132mn to US$143mn is explained by the adverse leverage from new space and the acquisition of two supplier factories (US$10-15mn loss). This is a highly operationally geared business and improving LFLs is therefore key. UK: we agree with management that LFLs (Tesco’s and the industry’s)...
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...Corporation Community Building Responsibility: The analysis of how Cadbury balance the interests between interior and exterior stakeholders Being one of the global confectionery magnates, Cadbury operates a business incorporating production and promotion of sugary food in a worldwide scale. The flagship brands Cadbury Dairy Milk, Trident, Halls, Dentyne and Clorets underpin the leading position throughout the world for the corporation, with a significant market share of 10.1%. The renowned name ‘Cadbury’ and symbolic purple are manifestation of high-quality sweetmeat according to mindset of the consumers. However, a high profile in taking on the social responsibilities is gradually a necessity for this globalization era, as the emergence and lucidity of the social contract between the businesses and the society. Despite the provision of prevailing goods and services for consumption under a legitimate circumstance, the corporations are supposed to practice in a scope where the beneficial organizations can be achieved in a broader width. The trend for interests of stakeholders to be on the company’s agenda becomes one aspect of this invisible contractual relationship, rather than narrow down its mission for profits maximizaion for present and potential shareholders. This article aims at analysing and evaluating the balancing extent of the fulfillment between interests of shareholders and stakeholders outside the corporation by Cadbury Schweppes PLC. Enterprises, with an entitlement...
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...Cadbury is a chocolate confectionary market that was started in 1824 by John Cadbury in Birmingham. He started with a shop selling coffee, tea, drinking chocolate and cocoa. This was started because he believed that alcohol was the main cause of poverty in the society. Therefore he thought chocolate drinks could be an alternative for alcohol. John was already selling 11 kinds of cocoa and 16 kinds of chocolate drinks by 1842. Benjamin, John’s brother also joined him in his company to form Cadbury Brothers of Birmingham. From there, their sons George and Richard carried out the business, expanding it and making lots of profits. The business was run by many generations till now by the Cadbury family. Now Roger Cadbury runs Cadbury since 1996.Currently Cadbury has operations in more than 50 countries around the world, including the United Kingdom, Ireland, Unites States, Australia, New Zealand and India. Cadbury has also involved itself in commitments such as the Cocoa sourcing commitments, Environmental commitments and The Cadbury Foundation. In 1905, Cadbury launched its Dairy Milk bar, with a higher proportion of milk than previous chocolate bars, and it became the company's best selling product by 1913. Fruit and Nut was introduced as part of the Dairy Milk line in 1928, soon followed by Whole Nut in 1933. By this point, Cadbury was the brand leader in the United Kingdom. Several other products accompanied these: Flake, Cream-filled eggs, Crunchie and Roses. Cadbury's Milk...
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...Unit 1 Government Policies and the Public Services [pic] Assessment Book (Credits 10) | |Eddie Maylor | |Student Name | | |Start of Unit Date |24 September 2012 | |Completion of Unit Date | | | |Unit Tutor: James McQueen | |Group / Course |Diploma in public services | Learning Outcomes • Know the different levels of government I the UK • Understand the democratic election process for each level of government in the UK • Understand the impact of UK government policies on the public services • Be able to demonstrate how government policies are developed Unit Criteria Passed |Pass |1 |2 |3 | | | | ...
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...Joseph Rowntree Foundation Forced Labour Programme Summary of Research Projects Funded in 2009 The first phase of the Foundation’s forced labour programme aims to improve the evidence base through research projects exploring the scope and experience of forced labour in the UK. The following four projects have been funded in this phase. The lead project holder and institution are given for each project. Findings from this research will be published during 2011. The scope of forced labour in the UK – Sam Scott, University of Bristol This study will examine the relationship between vulnerable work and labour exploitation in the UK by assessing the scale and scope of ‘forced labour’. The overall aim is to determine the degree to which the six elements of forced labour – as defined by the International Labour Organisation – can be said to be present across England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Beyond this broad aim, the team are also interested in the groups and sectors most associated with forced labour and the policies in place to combat the problem (or compensate victims of it). Secondary data will be collected from four sources: • Academic and ‘grey’ literature • Legal and policy documents • Case material from organisations working with exploited workers (the Citizens Advice Bureau (CAB), unions, religious organisations, government agencies) • Media coverage Primary data will be collected from three sources: • Sector focus groups • Local...
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...Political And Legal Factors Autor: aarronyao 24 October 2012 Tags: Words: 368 | Pages: 2 Views: 425 Save essay in my profile Printable Version Political and Legal Factors As Thomas (2007) suggests politics is focus on government’s work, it may affect the product line via some government policies. In recently, UK's Food Standards Agency released a statement that an EU-wide health warning must be put on any food or drink which contains the colours may cause hyperactivity in some children (Alicia, 2010). Asda put a health policy on its website to announce there is none any artificial colours or hydrogenated fat in its 'smart price' food which may be though unsafe about its quality by its low price (Asda, 2010). In additional, UK government's Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) and Department for International Development (DFID) has taken on the policy to balance future demand and sustainable supply of food industry (National Archives, 2011). The government policy hopes food industries can put more attention on a sustainable development and an adequate stability in food prices. Looking back to Asda's 'smart price' food range, they do keeping follow UK government's requirement and gaining food by using its pioneering partnership Cumbrian food hub, Plumgarths (BBC GOOD FOOD, 2012). Asda use its nine hub network to open a door for these small business who normally wouldn't have the opportunity to deal with a major supermarket. Their action in holding...
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...Economic Growth and Public Policy of the UK: Does the protectionism help? Introduction The effects of globalization have touched all the aspects of life and business today. One aspect is the trading policies between countries. Since the late nineteenth century, the collision started between domestic and foreign industries, which ask governments for measures that could protect local industries, without discouraging the country’s trade relations. The term ‘Protectionism’ was thus introduced in the language of global trade and economy (Rowley, 2002). Protectionism is an economic policy applied in the trading system, to restrict the quantity of imported items, and to flourish country’s exports. The objective of this is policy is to maintain the competition between foreign and the domestic industries. In most of the countries, free trade is not followed and various tariffs and duty charges are applied on the import goods. These taxes allow the government to generate a fair bit of revenue, without utilizing their resources. Moreover, it also helps in the sustainability of the domestic industries. The prices of the imported goods are kept higher by adding these taxes so that the local customers, looking for cheaper options, have to buy the domestic items. In parallel to this, the protectionism policy allows domestic industries to raise the prices of their products, without raising the quality of their products (Ethier & Fischer, 1987, pp.1-2). Another aspect of protectionism...
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