...Understanding Business Research Terms and Concepts: Part 2 Justin Wilson RES 351 Business Research 31 Mar 2015 Biman Ghosh Descriptive statistics is the term given to the analysis of data that helps describe, show or summarize data in a meaningful way such that, for example, patterns might emerge from the data. Descriptive statistics do not, however, allow us to make conclusions beyond the data we have analysed or reach conclusions regarding any hypotheses we might have made. They are simply a way to describe our data. Descriptive statistics are very important because if we simply presented our raw data it would be hard to visulize what the data was showing, especially if there was a lot of it. Descriptive statistics therefore enables us to present the data in a more meaningful way, which allows simpler interpretation of the data. For example, if we had the results of 100 pieces of students' coursework, we may be interested in the overall performance of those students. We would also be interested in the distribution or spread of the marks. Descriptive statistics allow us to do this. How to properly describe data through statistics and graphs is an important topic and discussed in other Laerd Statistics guides. Typically, there are two general types of statistic that are used to describe data: * Measures of central tendency: these are ways of describing the central position of a frequency distribution for a group of data. In this case, the frequency distribution...
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...Understanding Business Research Terms and Concepts: Part 2 Ming D. Lee RES/351 April 18, 2016 Dr. Linda F Florence Understanding Business Research Terms and Concepts: Part 2 Descriptive statistics Descriptive statistics suggests a straightforward quantitative outline of a data-set which has been gathered. It helps us comprehend the experimentation or data-set in-detail and tells people concerning the mandatory details that help show the data perceptively. Descriptive statistics, we just convey exactly what the data reveals and tell us. Most of the statistical averages and numbers we estimate are essentially illustrative averages. For instance the Dow Jones Industrial tells us about the typical performance of select firms. The grade-point avg. tells us about the typical performance of a pupil in school. The GDP growth rate tells us about the typical performance of a state. Therefore illustrative statistics attempts to catch a sizable group of observations and offers us some concept concerning the data-set. Descriptive statistics aims to describe data set information with summary graphs and tables (Linda Hollis, n.d.). Inferential Statistics Inferential statistics includes drawing the correct conclusions from your statistical evaluation that's been performed using descriptive data. Ultimately, it really is the inferences that make studies significant and this element is dealt with-in inferential data. Most forecasts of the potential and generalizations of a population...
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...Understanding Business Research Terms & Concepts: Part 2 Scott Allen RES 351 08/18/2014 Kim Gravelle Understanding Business Research Terms & Concepts: Part 2 “The research design is the blueprint for fulfilling objectives and answering questions. Selecting a design may be complicated by the availability of a large variety of methods, techniques, procedures, protocols, and sampling plans. (Cooper & Schindler 2014 p. 82). Next, the details of the study must be positioned in place. For example, will the researcher use primary or secondary data, surveys, experiments, or a combination of methods. Next, what will be the types of questions will be posed, open-ended or closed? If surveys and questionnaires are used what type of a scale will be used to measure the results; a rating scale, semantic differential, or a Likert scale? Also, the researcher must decide on whether to do sampling or perform a census. It is easy to see that the design method is what pulls the entire research process together; if the research question is the foundation, then the design processes utilized are the walls used to support the process itself. Descriptive statistics is the analysis of data that helps to describe the data in such a way to give relevance or show patterns, much like a census does. The researcher presents the data in a meaningful way like in statistical or graph form making it simple to understand. A census is an examination of all components that make up a population...
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...Understanding Business Research Terms and Concepts: Part 2 Rodney Goudy RES/351 July 6, 2015 Tracy Sipma Descriptive statistics Descriptive statistics suggests a straightforward quantitative outline of a data-set which has been gathered. It helps us comprehend the experimentation or data-set in-detail and tells people concerning the mandatory details that help show the data perceptively. Descriptive statistics, we just convey exactly what the data reveals and tell us. Most of the statistical averages and numbers we estimate are essentially illustrative averages. For instance the Dow Jones Industrial tells us about the typical performance of select firms. The grade-point avg. tells us about the typical performance of a pupil in school. The GDP growth rate tells us about the typical performance of a state. Therefore illustrative statistics attempts to catch a sizable group of observations and offers us some concept concerning the data-set. Descriptive statistics aims to describe data set information with summary graphs and tables (Linda Hollis, n.d.). Inferential Statistics Inferential statistics includes drawing the correct conclusions from your statistical evaluation that's been performed using descriptive data. Ultimately, it really is the inferences that make studies significant and this element is dealt with-in inferential data. Most forecasts of the potential and generalizations of a population by analyzing a smaller sample come under the scope of inferential statistics...
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...Qualitative data collection instruments try to throw an exact measurement of something, “In business research, quantitative methodologies usually measure consumer behavior, knowledge, opinions, or attitudes. Such methodologies answer questions related to how much, how often, how many, when, and who” (Cooper & Schindler, 2014), one main quantitative data collection instrument is survey which is considered a major among other ones because it throws exact measures of opinions and consumer behavior. The nature of sampling is “that by selecting some of the elements in a population, we may draw conclusions about the entire population” (Cooper & Schindler, 2014). Some examples of sampling methods available to researchers include: “Purposive sampling where Researchers choose participants arbitrarily for their unique characteristics or their experiences, attitudes, or perceptions; as conceptual or theoretical categories of participants develop during the interviewing process, researchers seek new participants to challenge emerging patterns, Snowball sampling where Participants refer researchers to others who have characteristics, experiences, or attitudes similar to or different from their own and finally Convenience sampling where Researchers select any readily available individuals as participants. Descriptive statistical methods are used to “display characteristics of the location, spread, and shape of a data array, it attempts to describe or define a subject ,often by creating...
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...Preparing to Conduct Business Research Part Three Dena Lebo, Kyla Guerrero and Mario Johnson RES 351 Jan. 26, 2015 Professor Arnella Trent Through the past three weeks, we have decided as a team that our business problem could primarily be solved using a qualitative research design. We have come to this conclusion because as a company utilizing a call center experiencing high volumes of misdirected and dropped calls, the upmost concern within our organization deals with our customer service. Customer service concerns can exclusively be addressed through qualitative means, simply by changing the directed procedures on how customer service agents deal with dropped calls, and related issues. For example, if a customer service agent was handling a call with a client who is dealing with a very detailed issue and the call abruptly drops, there must be simple to follow instructions on how to get that client back on the phone, and continue to solve the issues the client is facing. Solving this problem for our clients is currently our number one goal for this very sensitive and frustrating issue that our clients deal with daily. Although keeping our customers happy is of course our primary objective, however we also must consider what our customer service agents are dealing with as well. Once again, we know that utilizing some of these qualitative methods will fix this issue, and allow both, our clients and customer service agents to benefit. Regarding the finding of solutions...
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...TermPaperWarehouse.com - Free Term Papers, Essays and Research Documents The Research Paper Factory Join Search Browse Saved Papers Home Page » Historical Events Discuss What You Understand by the Term Enthnocentrism and Show How Enthnocentrism Is Bad in National Politics In: Historical Events Discuss What You Understand by the Term Enthnocentrism and Show How Enthnocentrism Is Bad in National Politics There is a widespread tendency for people to favour their own group over another group. This tendency has been variously labelled as ethnocentrism, intergroup bias, in‐group favouritism or in‐group /out group differentiation. It denotes a cultural narrowness in which the ethnically centred individual rigidly accepted those of the in‐group while rejecting those of the out‐group. In other words, Ethnocentrism is the point of view that one's own way of life is to be preferred to all others. Flowing logically from the process of early enculturation, it characterizes the way most individuals feel about their own culture, whether or not they verbalize their feeling. Therefore this essay will discuss what is understood by the term ethnocentrism and show how Ethnocentrism is bad in national politics. Firstly will define what ethnocentrism is, and discuss fully what is understood by the term. Secondly will show how ethnocentrism is bad for national politics. Thereafter a clear and concise conclusion will be drawn. Different...
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...|[pic] |Syllabus | | |School of Business | | |RES/351 Version 1 | | |Business Research | Copyright © 2011 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course evaluates the process of conducting business research for improving decision making within an organization. Students will learn to apply an understanding of commonly employed business research techniques to improve a situation, solve a problem, or change a process. Other topics include problem framing, data collection, data analysis, and data presentation. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning...
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...process of conducting business research for improving decision making within an organization. Students will learn to apply an understanding of commonly employed business research techniques to improve a situation, solve a problem, or change a process. Other topics include problem framing, data collection, data analysis, and data presentation. Week 1 - Topic 1: Recognizing the Situation Objectives Recognize a situation, problem, issue, or opportunity that needs addressing. Determine the significance, scope, magnitude and feasibility of finding a solution to the situation, problem, issue, or opportunity. Identify ethical issues involved in business research. Describe the business research process. Materials Week One Student Guide Sample Examination to prepare for Final Examination EBOOK COLLECTION: Business Research Methods, Ch. 1 EBOOK COLLECTION: Business Research Methods, Ch. 2 EBOOK COLLECTION: Business Research Methods, Ch. 3 EBOOK COLLECTION: Business Research Methods, Ch. 4 ARTICLE: Week One Topic Searches Assessment Individual Assigment: Current Events in Business Research Write a 300-word summary of the business research process by describing the business research process from your experience in the workplace or in an article you find through the University Library. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. Please see the instructor's syllabus for this week's assignments. Week 2 - Topic 1: The Purpose of Business Research Objectives State...
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...JÖNKÖPING INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS SCHOOL JÖNKÖPING UNIVERSITY St r at egi c Under standi ng A Qualitative Study on Similarities and Differences in Perceptions of Strategy Bachelor Thesis within Business Administration Author: Florance Batamuriza Tobias Berg Tony Hatami Tutor: Jönköping Jens Hultman & Anna Jenkins June 2006 Strategic Understanding - A Qualitative Study On Similarities and Differences in Perceptions of Strategy A Bachelor Thesis in Business Administration by Batamuriza, Berg & Hatami - JIBS 2006 Acknowledgements Since the begging of the year of 2006 we have worked hard to complete this paper. It has been both fun and challenging. We would not have reached this far without the help of our tutors, Jens Hultman and Anna Jenkins, therefore we want to give them a special thanks for helping and guiding us through this struggle. At the same time we would also like to thank the other groups for their constructive criticism and ideas for improvements. In connection to this, another thanks to our anonymous proofreaders without whom this thesis would not look anything like it does. We also want to give big thanks to the company that offered their time, effort and their thoughts during the interviews; without it this paper would have been impossible to complete and for this we will be ever grateful. Last but certainly not least, we would like to thank our families and friends that put up with our never ending discussions about the paper, and for your ever lasting...
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...process of conducting business research for improving decision making within an organization. Students will learn to apply an understanding of commonly employed business research techniques to improve a situation, solve a problem, or change a process. Other topics include problem framing, data collection, data analysis, and data presentation. Week 1 - Topic 1: Recognizing the Situation Objectives Recognize a situation, problem, issue, or opportunity that needs addressing. Determine the significance, scope, magnitude and feasibility of finding a solution to the situation, problem, issue, or opportunity. Identify ethical issues involved in business research. Describe the business research process. Materials Week One Student Guide Sample Examination to prepare for Final Examination EBOOK COLLECTION: Business Research Methods, Ch. 1 EBOOK COLLECTION: Business Research Methods, Ch. 2 EBOOK COLLECTION: Business Research Methods, Ch. 3 EBOOK COLLECTION: Business Research Methods, Ch. 4 ARTICLE: Week One Topic Searches Assessment Individual Assigment: Current Events in Business Research Write a 300-word summary of the business research process by describing the business research process from your experience in the workplace or in an article you find through the University Library. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. Please see the instructor's syllabus for this week's assignments. Week 2 - Topic 1: The Purpose of Business Research Objectives State...
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...Understanding Business Research Terms and Concepts: Part 2 Statistical procedures can be divided into two major categories: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. When it comes to statistical analysis, there are two classifications: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. In a nutshell, descriptive statistics intend to describe a big hunk of data with summary charts and tables, but do not attempt to draw conclusions about the population from which the sample was taken. Descriptive statistics are very important because if we simply presented our raw data it would be hard to visualize what the data was showing, especially if there was a lot of it. Descriptive statistics therefore enables us to present the data in a more meaningful way, which allows simpler interpretation of the data. Descriptive statistics includes statistical procedures that we use to describe the population we are studying. The data could be collected from either a sample or a population, but the results help us organize and describe data. Descriptive statistics can only be used to describe the group that is being studying. On the other hand inferential statistics allows us to draw conclusions from data that might not be immediately obvious. In most cases an inferential statistic is used to test some hypothesis. Inferential statistics is concerned with making predictions or inferences about a population from observations and analyses of a sample. I was able to come across two article...
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...JOURNAL OF BUSINESS LOGISTICS, Vol.22, No. 2, 2001 1 DEFINING SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT by John T. Mentzer The University of Tennessee William DeWitt The University of Maryland James S. Keebler St. Cloud State University Soonhong Min Georgia Southern University Nancy W. Nix Texas Christian University Carlo D. Smith The University of San Diego and Zach G. Zacharia Texas Christian University “Management is on the verge of a major breakthrough in understanding how industrial company success depends on the interactions between the flows of information, materials, money, manpower, and capital equipment. The way these five flow systems interlock to amplify one another and to cause change and fluctuation will form the basis for anticipating the effects of decisions, policies, organizational forms, and investment choices.” (Forrester 1958, p. 37) Forrester introduced a theory of distribution management that recognized the integrated nature of organizational relationships. Because organizations are so intertwined, he argued that system dynamics can influence the performance of functions such as research, engineering, sales, and promotion. 2 MENTZER, DeWITT, KEEBLER, MIN, NIX, SMITH, AND ZACHARIA He illustrated this phenomena utilizing a computer simulation of order information flow and its influence on production and distribution performance for each supply chain member, as well as the entire supply chain system. More recent replications of this phenomenon include the “Beer...
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...UNIVERSITY OF WALES: TRINITY SAINT DAVID PRIFYSGOL CYMRU: Y DRINDOD DEWI SANT School of Business, Finance and Management Ysgol Busnes, Cyllid a Rheolaeth Business Ethics and Social Responsibility SBUS6003 October 2015 – Term 5 February 2016 – Term 6 SBUS6003 Business Ethics and Social Responsibility MODULE CODE: TITLE: DATED: SBUS6003 Business Ethics and Social Responsibility 02/06/2011 LEVEL: CREDITS: 6 20 TEACHING METHODS: Lectures Workshops Independent Study JACS CODE: N200 8% 16% 76% AIM(S) • To introduce students to the particular problems and opportunities experienced in adopting or ignoring corporate social responsibility. • To develop students’ understanding of the relationship between business ethics and management decision making • To develop students understanding of sustainable business issues and how they can be managed, promoted and developed in a business context. LEARNING OUTCOMES By the end of this module students should be able to: • critically evaluate the tipple bottom line of sustainability as a key goal for business ethics; • critically evaluate the role of ethical theory in decision making in business. • critically appraise stakeholder expectation and its relationship with corporate governance and social responsibility; • research and critically analyse ethical challenges in different organisations; • investigate and critically evaluate an organisation’s management of corporate...
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...Understanding Business Research Terms and Concepts: Part 1 & 2 Misty Lesesne-Vasdev RES/351 July 30, 2014 Michael Gemignani Understanding Business Research Terms and Concepts: Part 1 * Michael is interested in learning the effects of using celebrity endorsement on sales. What type of variable is a celebrity endorsement? An independent variable is one that can be manipulated. Independent variables are observed to see if it affects any other variables. A celebrity endorsement can be manipulated by making the celebrity appear to love a product. That is just one example of manipulation. Therefore because the variable can be manipulated, a celebrity endorsement is an independent variable. * In an experiment, this variable is expected to be affected by the manipulation. When in an experiment an independent variable can be manipulated to affect the dependent variable. Most of the time the researcher has control over the independent variable which has a direct effect on the dependent variable. Usually the dependent variable is a response to the independent variable. In fact a dependent variable is called a dependent variable because it depends on another variable usually an independent variable. For example, a researcher wants to show the effects of alcohol on the liver the independent variable would be the alcohol and the dependent variable would be the functions of the liver after the alcohol. * Criterion variable is synonymous with this term. Criterion...
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