...The Economic side Brazil is: World’s second largest producer of organic foods World’s third largest producer of fruit World’s third largest consumer market for cosmetics World’ fifth largest country in population World’s seventh country in Internet usage World’s eighth largest consumer market World’s Twelfth largest economy World’s largest Catholic country Population: 205,716,890 (2012) Age Structure: 0-14 years: 26.2% (male 27,219,651/female 26,180,040) 15-64 years: 67% (male 67,524,642/female 68,809,357) 65 years and over: 6.7% (male 5,796,433/female 7,899,650) (2011est) Population growth rate: 1.102% (2012est) Birth Rate: 17.48 births/1,000 population (2012est) The average monthly income of Brazilian families in 2009(731 dollars) Income classes: Class A: above BRL 10.200 Class B: above BRL 5.100 Class C: above BRL 2.040 Class D: above BRL 1.020 Class E: below BRL 1.020 Total number of citizen in middle class: 95 Million (%52 of population) -2009 Lower class: 61 million. People live below the poverty line: %24. Business opportunities: Telecommunication business opportunities Franchise business opportunities Real Estate Investments Domestic demand is very strong, for example for cars, housing, or consumer durables GDP (purchasing power parity): $2.284 trillion (2011est) GDP - real growth rate: 2.8% (2011est) GDP - per capita (PPP): $11,600 (2011est) ...
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...What are some of the limitations of the national income accounts in how they represent our standard of living? When we look at the national income accounts to compare our income to those in other nations and track the economy’s condition during the business cycle. However, when we look at the income nationally we are not taking into consideration the cost of living in a particular region and how the standard of living differs from country to country. For example, if we compare the US national income with that of Brazil, it will be higher but we would be comparing two different standard of livings, in addition the US is a bigger country than Brazil, and the costs of living in Brazil is lower than the Unites States. In addition, the population and size of the countries do not compare. We can argue that we have a higher quality of standard of living in the Unites States than in Brazil as our national income is higher, but the figure is not telling us how schools, hospitals, infrastructure, benefits compare in the two countries. In addition we are not taking into consideration the amount of national income used for national defense. We also are not looking into the change in population which can be misleading, for example, if the GDP increases but population increases then everyone is getting a smaller percentage of the national income. If we do not look the growth of the population, we could think that the country is doing better by the national income increasing alone. ...
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...aged 55-64 | % | 52.2 | 52.6 | 54.1 | 54.1 | 53.7 | 55.1 | 53.8 | .. | | Incidence of part-time employment | % | 18.0 | 18.2 | 19.0 | 19.2 | 18.3 | 18.1 | 17.8 | .. | | Self-employment rate: total civilian employment | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | | Self-employment rate, men: male civilian employment | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | | Self-employment rate, women: female civilian employment | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | | Unemployment | | | | | | | | | | | Unemployment rate: total civilian labour force | % | 12.3 | 11.5 | 9.8 | 10.0 | 9.3 | 7.9 | 8.1 | 6.7 | | Unemployment rate, men: male civilian labour force | % | 10.1 | 9.1 | 7.8 | 8.2 | 7.4 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 5.2 | | Unemployment rate, women: female civilian labour force | % | 15.2 | 14.4 | 12.4 | 12.2 | 11.6 | 10.0 | 9.9 | 8.5 | | Long-term unemployment: total unemployed | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | | Labour compensation and hours worked | | | | | | | | | | | Labour compensation...
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...Unit II Case Study Charles Dearth Columbia Southern University Doctor Jernigan Strengths McDonald’s continued to grow financially in 2013. Their global comparable sales increased 0.2%, their system wide sales were up by 3%, and they increased their operating income by 3%. McDonald’s also invested approximately $2.8 billion in new and existing establishments. Existing markets included places such as the United States, France, and Germany. New markets included such places as China, Brazil, and India (McDonald’s Corporation Annual Report, 2013). Even though they continued to grow, their performance fell short of their high expectations for the past year. Challenging conditions such as a flat or contracting informal eating out category in most of their major markets had a direct impact on their performance results (McDonald’s Corporation Annual Report, 2013). However, taking a look at restaurant companies ranked by sales, McDonald’s Corporation shows the highest price per share of stocks at $94.38. Compare this to Yum at $76.25 per share, and Starbucks at $93.61 per share (Yahoo Finance, 2015). According to McDonald’s Corporation Annual Report, 2013, McDonald’s continues to monitor developments related to environmental matters. According to an article written by Evangelia, more companies are using environmentalism as a marketing tool (Evangelia, 2014). McDonald’s plans to maintain the preservation of the environment in two key ways: one by implementing more energy efficient...
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...Globalization in Brazil: Poverty, Labor, and Human Rights within a Neo-Liberal Framework By: Dylan Fermante 210015071 For: Prof. Hoosiyar AP/HREQ 3010 July 14, 2010 Since the collapse of the Bretton Woods system in the 70s a new framework for a global economic structure has been developing. This modern structure is an evolved form of capitalism, driven by neoliberal ideologies, which has adapted to the economic and social conditions of the current day. The recent phenomenon of globalization is in essence a modern form of global hegemony and dominance that establishes control through financial domination and capital exploitation. This paper focuses on this process of domination by examining the effects of neoliberal policies and structural reforms using the nation of Brazil as the unit of analysis. As will be discussed later in this report the government of Brazil has undergone significant structural changes over the last few decades that have resulted in an economic shift towards neoliberal policies. Policies promoting free enterprise capitalism, privatization of national assets, deregulation, tax reforms, flexible interest rates, trade liberalization and reductions in public expenditure have resulted in devastating outcomes for poor and marginalized groups within Brazil. These economic reforms have reordered government priorities resulting in cuts in social spending, worsening of wage inequality, displacement of workers, intensification of national debt and the weakening...
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...environment in another country may be quite unstable due to a recent election. Furthermore, violence and revolutions complicate when traveling through the host country. Another risk that presents itself is in the form of culture shock. Even if the managers are familiar with the host country’s cultural differences, cultures also evolve throughout time. Environmentally, managers must respond to the future forecasts to determine the probable impact, and to ensure the survival and growth of the organization as it interacts with its dynamic environment (Phatak, Bhagat, and Kashlak, 2009). The host country in question here is Brazil with its booming economy and market for growth. Although, Brazil is known for its many negative connotations regarding bribery, corruption, and organized crime; the conditions in the labor market however remain favorable. Unemployment is at the lowest it has been in years and the middle class continues to grow. With the growing middle class comes demand for consumer goods, specifically in the fashion and retail departments. Inflation has remained under control with the adoption of an inflation targeting system in 1999 (Overseas Business Risk – Brail, 2012). The exchange rate continues to be an issue though with the Brazilian Real up to US$1:R$2.02. Regarding the crime...
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.......................................................................................... 5 Monetary Policy: ....................................................................................... 5 External Sector: ......................................................................................... 6 Fiscal Policy: .............................................................................................. 6 10. Outlook: ...................................................................................................... 7 11. Facts & Statistics: ...................................................................................... 7 Page | 1 Brazil: Country with the motto ORDEM E PROGRESSO (Order and Progress) 1. Introduction: After being discovered by Portugal in 1500, it was only in 1808 that Brazil obtained a permit from the Portuguese colonial government to set up its first factories and manufacturers. In the...
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...Assignment | Due Date | 26 March 2013 | Date Submitted | 26 March 2013 | Submitted by | Surbhi Sardana | | | Executive Summary Brazil is the 5th largest country in the world, with an area of 8.515 km2, and a population of over 200 million. Brazil is a country with large natural resources and a large labor pool. It has managed to exploit these to become South America's leading economic power and regional leader, and one of the first in the area to begin an economic recovery. Highly unequal income distribution and crime remain pressing problems. Over 25% of population is still below the poverty limit. Brazil has its work cut out for itself where it has to be all set to host both the 2014 World Soccer Cup and the 2016 Olympic Games (Focus2move website). We begin this report by providing a summary of the economic activities taking place in Brazil that are likely to affect the future. Then, the report is divided into three parts; the first highlighting the macro-economic factors that will help forecast the future demand for passenger automobiles in the local market, the second highlighting the macro-economic factors that will help forecast the future demand for export of passenger automobiles and the final part highlighting the macro-economic factors that help forecast the future demand for import of passenger automobiles. Brazil was not immune to the global financial crisis of 2008-2009, as its real GDP decreased slightly by 0.3% in 2009. However, the economy quickly...
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...The World Bank issued its biannual Global Economic Prospects report Tuesday, sharply downgrading its forecast for economic growth from its previous report released last June. The Washington-based international lending agency projected an expansion of the world economy in 2013 of only 2.4 percent, down from its forecast six months ago of 3.0 percent. The bank said the global gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 2.3 percent in 2012, downwardly revised from its June estimate of 2.5 percent. It predicted that the world economy would grow by 3.1 percent in 2014 and 3.3 percent in 2015. These projected rates, lower than the bank’s June estimates, are insufficient to significantly reduce near-Depression-level jobless rates in the US and much of Europe or stem the spread of poverty. The report demonstrates that more than four years after the September 2008 financial meltdown on Wall Street, there is no end in sight to the economic crisis. It points as well to the extent to which the economic policies pursued by governments and central banks around the world have benefited the wealthiest social layers at the expense of working people. This is summed up in one set of statistics presented in the report. While economic growth has stalled or turned negative in much of the world since the bank released its previous report in June, stock prices have soared. Stock markets in the so-called “developing countries” are up by 12.6 percent over the past six months, while equity markets in the “high-income”...
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...NATURA The eco and customer friendly company. Table of Contents Introduction: 3 The Natura Concept: 3 Products: 4 Competitors: 4 Biodiversity: 5 Production and Operation: 6 Social Responsibility: 6 Financials: 7 Conclusion: 8 Introduction: Natura, a Brazilian based company was founded in 1969, by Luiz Seabra and later partnered with Guilherme Leal and Pedro Pasos. Today, as a public company since 2004, Natura is a leading manufacture and marketer in the skin care, solar filters, cosmetics, perfume, and hair products (Natura). Natura sold in Latin America and France is looking to enter the U.S. markets once they stabilize after the recession (Azevedo). The Natura Concept: Unlike many other companies within the personal care industry, Natura takes a position in promoting inner beauty and self-esteem. In 1992, Natura implemented the Truly Beautiful Women Campaign, focusing on women with healthy levels of self-esteem as possessing “true beauty” instead of the traditional focus on outer beauty and age (Natura). Natura prides itself in its strong research and development efforts and its use of ordinary women rather than supermodels in their advertisements (Natura). Since Natura conception in 1969, they have made it their focus to positively effect the environment, consumers, and the universe, and based off of this belief: “We have been fundamentally committed to conducting our business with consideration for environmental...
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...Global economic growth slumped and demand for many of the commodities that Argentina exported had fallen in tandem. Argentina’s large neighbor and main trading partner, Brazil, was grappling with a financial crisis of its own and had devalued its currency against the dollar, and thus the peso, effectively pricing many Argentinean goods out of its market. To compound matters, the dollar had appreciated against most major currencies, taking the peso up with it, and making Argentinean goods more expensive in other international markets. Starting in 1999, the Argentinean economy entered into a tailspin that was to take unemployment up to 25 percent by 2002. Anticipating that the country would have to devalue the peso against the dollar, corporations and individuals started to pull money out of pesos, placing their funds in dollar accounts. As people sold pesos, the Argentinean government used its foreign exchange reserves to buy them back in an effort to maintain the exchange rate at $1 = 1 peso. The government quickly ran down its reserves and in 2000, negotiated a loan from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to prop up its currency. In return for the loan, which ultimately reached $15 billion, the Argentinean government agreed to adopt a financial austerity program to balance its budget. However, conditions in the country continued to deteriorate, in no small part, some critics claimed,...
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...Trade occurs when citizens from one country can buy from another country or sell to another country what they can produce. This allows a country to specialize in the manufacture and export of products that can be produced most efficiently in that country. Trade between Bangladesh and India is playing a vital role in both the countries’ economy. This report will give you some idea about the current scenarios of the trade between these two countries. To complete this report we have tried to analyze different strategies these two countries have been following. Here we discussed the trade theories. We also tried to analyze how the macro environmental factor affects this trade, the effects of the WTO policies, and the strategic management of this type of trade and also the international human resource management in these two countries. Today’s trade scenarios are also described here. The description of all the above-summarized information is written in the report from which one might be able to get a good idea about the Trade between Bangladesh & India. Contents Si. No. | Topics | Page No. | 01. | Introduction | | 02. | Product Brief | | 03. | Company Brief | | 04. | Country Information | | 05. | Economic Analysis | | 06. | Political and Legal Analysis | | 07. | Cultural Analysis | | | | | INTRODUCTION Our respected teacher Mr. Reyad Ahmed Chowdhury asked us to select two countries to make...
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...Ikea 5/20/2012 Global marketing | Ikea Case | ------------------------------------------------- Question 1: should Ikea change its mode of entry? In IKEA’s history two different modes of entry were used. Both were met with big success and allowed IKEA to enter new markets very easily, and in a secure way. In the 70’s and the 80’s the IKEA’s method as mode of entry was simple: try to establish a link with a supplier in the host country before opening a retail outlet through company-owned subsidiaries. This direct mode of entry was used to enter European and North American markets and it worked well to develop IKEA concept (without any adaptation) in these countries. Then IKEA looked for an expansion by franchising, an intermediate mode of entry where the franchisor was in charge of R&D, production (sub-contractors), marketing, centralized control and the franchise in charge of sales and services. There is a drastic selection in researching people interested in opening an IKEA franchise. Solid financial background and high experience is required to be authorized to develop IKEA concepts. After the acceptance, IKEA headquarters were very careful and really controlling the activities of the franchisees. The only freedom for them was to adapt some products and methods to the local market. Franchising was a very good way for IKEA to transpose its concept, its name and its reputation. These traditional modes of entry was fully tried and tested, with the...
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...Interpreting Macroeconomic Conditions We live in a global economy. There are trading exchanges all over the world, i.e. China, Tokyo, Brazil, Russia, India, Australia, London, etc. The stock exchanges in China and Brazil are some of the largest in the world. Everybody in the world can access securities exchanges via the Internet. The dollar is weak right now. Europe has a debt crisis and the Euro is not so stable. Not long ago, one of Europe’s leading independent forecasters for the Treasury asserted that the Euro could collapse as a result of Europe’s debt crisis. The European Central Bank’s Governing Council Member asserted that it is not up to the bank to save countries where governments run the risk of being insolvent. Germany had good growth in 2010 but their economic model is centered on exports, i.e. cars and machines. Asia (China) drove Germany’s growth in 2010. Can Germany sustain their economic model since other European countries have stagnant economies re: exports and imports? The European debt crisis has pushed the Euro down which has made German exports more competitive. Right now, US exports are even better than German exports because the US dollar is weak, too. Since Germany appears to be in the best economic position in Europe more people are putting capital in Germany when investing in Europe. German exporters could take a huge hit if Europe’s debt crisis runs into other European countries. Unemployment rates were lower in April than a year...
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...The countries I have selected are: Brazil, Japan, and the Netherlands, but let us first talk about Brazil. According to Cultural Dimensions Explained website (2013), the Hofstede Graph for Brazil indicates that Uncertainty Avoidance or UAI dimension is at higher levels, which means that the population is less tolerant to uncertainty and to lower it they adopt laws and policies which are very strict. The Individualism or IDV dimension is only 38 and these people are collectivist comparative to other individualist countries. These two dimensions seem to be more relevant regarding the Brazilian people. Regarding the economy, Brazil is the top player from South America and the 9th globally. Its economy has been improved a lot lately. Their inflation rate is in normal standard, their exports have been increased, and the economy is slowly growing. However, they have to improve their infrastructure, and lower the big difference in income for the people, because there are people that earn a lot of money and there are people that earn very few, so there’s basically no middle class. Moving on to Japan, it can be said that the dimensions with the highest levels for the Hofstede Graph are MAS, UAI, and LTO. The high level for MAS dimension denotes the fact that male people are the ones with the most important roles regarding the work environment and also the fact that there is a higher discrimination among genders. The IDV level is higher than for Brazil meaning the people are more individualist...
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