...Q 1: Discuss and analyze the ethical issues reflected in the case. The case is about British American Tobacco (BAT), London-based tobacco firm, which is involved in doing unethical activities and hence breaking their marketing code in Africa. BBC had investigated and found BAT is trying to attract more young African buyers of its product by adjusting marketing strategy to meet young people's needs. They are actually promoting and selling cigarettes in form of “single sticks”, which is attractive to young people of poor African countries like Nigeria, Malawi and Mauritius, who cannot afford to buy a whole packet of cigarettes. Now, there is nothing wrong with marketing one's product to target an audience of possible consumers. However, in this case, BAT allegedly targeted African children as young as 11 by aggressively marketing single sticks' to them. The company also hosted events that targeted young people despite their publicly stated commitments. Now, we know that most ethical issues concerning business consumer relations refer to the ‘marketing mix’, ethical issues in product policy, marketing communications, pricing and marketing strategy. Ethical Issues in marketing management – Product Policy At the most basic level, manufacturers should exercise due care in establishing that all reasonable steps are taken to ensure that their products are free from defects and safe to use as well as effective and fit for the purpose. Cigarette may be effective as they claim...
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...Q 1: Discuss and analyze the ethical issues reflected in the case. The case is about British American Tobacco (BAT), London-based tobacco firm, which is involved in doing unethical activities and hence breaking their marketing code in Africa. BBC had investigated and found BAT is trying to attract more young African buyers of its product by adjusting marketing strategy to meet young people's needs. They are actually promoting and selling cigarettes in form of “single sticks”, which is attractive to young people of poor African countries like Nigeria, Malawi and Mauritius, who cannot afford to buy a whole packet of cigarettes. Now, there is nothing wrong with marketing one's product to target an audience of possible consumers. However, in this case, BAT allegedly targeted African children as young as 11 by aggressively marketing single sticks' to them. The company also hosted events that targeted young people despite their publicly stated commitments. Now, we know that most ethical issues concerning business consumer relations refer to the ‘marketing mix’, ethical issues in product policy, marketing communications, pricing and marketing strategy. Ethical Issues in marketing management – Product Policy At the most basic level, manufacturers should exercise due care in establishing that all reasonable steps are taken to ensure that their products are free from defects and safe to use as well as effective and fit for the purpose. Cigarette may be effective as they claim...
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...explained nor applied in depth to the case at hand. The citations were also not analyzed nor were the judgments discussed. Essay The plaintiff purchased a baseball bat from the defendant. A baseball bat is designed to hit baseballs at excessive speeds, so an implied warranty would be included in the purchase. However, the baseball bat itself was faulty in it's design and shattered as soon as the plaintiff attempted to use it. Its inherent defect violates the implied warranty of merchantability under the Universal Commercial Code (U.C.C.). We turn to Dudzik v. Klein's All Sports, 158 Misc. 2d 72 (1993) in this case for reference. In Dudzik, the plaintiffs purchased a bat manufactured with a specialized graphite carbon. This bat was being marketed as being an unbreakable bat that could hit the ball farther than a normal bat. The longer distance was not disputed in this case. The first bat bought from the defendant developed internal cracks due to a manufacturer defect. This bat was returned in exchange for another bat of the same make and model in accordance to the return policy posted at the store. The second bat also developed internal cracks and was rendered useless for its' intent and was again brought back to the store. This time, the plaintiff requested a refund for the total of $170.00 plus sales tax as both bats had been defective. The defendant, however, had a conspicuously posted refund policy which indicated that any exchanges after 30 days will be either on credit in the...
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...accordance with applicable law and the highest ethical standards. It is intended to provide guidance to help recognize and deal with ethical issues, to provide a mechanism for the reporting of unethical or unlawful conduct, and to help maintain a culture of honesty and accountability.” (Sirius XM) Naturally there is a lengthy list of practices/employees covered under the Code of Ethics so we did a bit of research to find out if the company had any breaches in this Code or if they were solid on their resolve to stay one hundred percent ethical in all their business practices. Right off the bat we are going to look at the Employee portion of the Code of Ethics under the label ‘Fair Dealing,’ where it states that “The Company expects its employees and directors to compete aggressively in furthering the interests of the Company. It also expects them to do so fairly, ethically and in a manner that fully complies with all applicable laws and regulations.” This seems to be uniform with a generic Code from most companies with the small exception that Sirius has a cost cutting practice of placing their interns under an unpaid ‘education’ bracket. “The satellite radio broadcasting company, which posted 2013 revenue exceeding $3.5 billion, does not pay its interns, instead offering only college credit for their labors.” (Zach Schonfeld) The real ethical issue with this practice is that not all of their interns belong under the educational bracket, this practice of not paying interns has lead...
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...Research Paper (Why should we be playing god, creating and using such pesticides to kill off natures insects/animals, but still find it acceptable to put it into a human body) Ethical Issues (Ethical and Unethical) * Effects on human health- What researchers have found to do to the human body? * Effects on Environment- What has the population and researches witness it to do to soil and our environment? * Effects on animals/insects- What are genetically modified crops doing to animals and insects exposed to these genetically modified pesticides. Facts * Human Health * Allergies- number of people whose allergies have increased or worsen since the use of genetically modified crops. * Reduction in fertility- how many people have been affected? Studies? Percentages? * Cancer Causing- What cancers have been proven to exist from these genetically modified pesticides? * Environment * Toxicity levels are higher- Where? Numbers? * Hazards- What kind of hazards are they causing to the environment? Are they reversible or not? How can we treat the soil to protect it? * Animals/Insects * Pollinators- How does this affect nature’s natural course? * Killings of animals such as Bees, Bats, ect…. * Monarch Butterflies- Finding the big issue Options and Analysis (Major Ethical Principals) * Consequentialism * Define theory- Moral right of an action. Weigh good vs bad and how an action will produce later...
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...Get to Know the BAT Table of Contents Introduction Test Overview Sample Questions Scoring Introduction We are excited about your participation in the Bloomberg Assessment Test (BAT). The BAT is a global, standardized online exam that the Bloomberg Institute has developed in partnership with premier companies, university faculty, and business professionals around the world. The test is designed for undergraduates and recent graduates who are interested in an entry‐level job in the business world. The following information packet is intended to familiarize you with the content and structure of the BAT. Enclosed you will find information about the test’s goals, sections, and scoring. There is also a list of annotated sample questions for you to review. If you have any additional questions about the content of the test, please feel free to contact us at bat@bloomberginstitute.com. Table of Contents Introduction Test Overview Sample Questions Scoring Test Overview The BAT aids employers in identifying and screening students who wish to pursue a career in the business world. Test takers should have a general understanding of and familiarity with current events in business, finance, and economics; however, much of what is being assessed is a person’s aptitude and skills to be successful in business. 3 hours 10 sections 150 questions The following pages discuss the different sections of the BAT and the concepts you can expect to see. Test Overview ...
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...HR Case You are the Plant Manager at a large manufacturing company. Several years ago, you promoted Sean, a long term employee, to the position of Assistant Plant Manager. You and Sean have always gotten along great, you respect him, and you are also friends outside of work. You go running together several days a week, and your families have cookouts or go camping together on the weekends. You trust Sean, and often ask his advice on personnel issues. Recently, it was brought to your attention that Sean does not have a bachelors degree, and that when he applied for the promotion, he stated that he did on his resume. A bachelors degree is a requirement for the Assistant Plant Manager position. It is stated in the job description. When you confront Sean, he admits he lied about having the degree. He is contrite, but also angry. He says he’d been at the company six years when he was promoted, and he knew he could do the job. He was never going to be offered it without that degree. And he was working so many hours, he’d never had time to go back and take the courses required to get the degree. And furthermore, he said, having the degree makes no impact on someone’s being able to do the Assistant Plant Manager job. It’s all about people skills and knowledge of their product. Last, he reminds you of your longstanding friendship and the connection between your families. Discussion Questions: What are the first steps you’ll take? This is a situation where ethics...
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...The Worst Role Model of Our Time On August 8, 2013, the New York Yankees’ third baseman and three-time MVP Alex Rodriguez, was suspended for the length of the 2014 season (211 games). The Major League Baseball Association released a statement stating that Rodriguez’s suspension was for “his use and possession of numerous forms of prohibited performance-enhancing substances, including testosterone and human growth hormone over the course of multiple years” (Eisen). A-Rod has been in his share of trouble with the League for accusation of biogenesis, but this time around he is claiming innocence. “Rodriguez has denied any wrongdoing and immediately declared his intention to appeal” (Linden). The ongoing issue with biogenesis is one of many of Rodriguez’s unethical qualities, and is a negative role model for all young men in our country, and for that matter, around the world. Like many celebrities and athletes, Rodriguez has sponsored fundraisers and charity events that were supposed to help the less fortunate people in our country. It is not unusual to hear these fundraisers don’t raise anyone’s funds but the host’s, but Rodriguez raised the bar in 2006. In 2006, Rodriguez teamed up with rapper Jay-Z to host a charity poker tournament; a Boston Globe review surfaced pitiful numbers: from the $403,862 raised, only $90 went to a Little League Baseball team in Miami, FL. The IRS lifted all tax exemptions once they realized only $90 had been donated (Busbee). Charities...
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...With fans aware of such egregious bad behavior, why has attendance at Major League Baseball games reached record-breaking highs during that same time period? Are baseball's "consumers" impervious to the ethical lapses of their teams? No, say Wharton professors, but the case demonstrates how bias, competition and a lack of oversight worked together to create an ethically toxic atmosphere. This is a single/personal use copy of Knowledge@Wharton. For multiple copies, custom reprints, e-prints, posters or plaques, please contact PARS International: reprints@parsintl.com P. (212) 221-9595 x407. "Part of the problem is fans aren't outraged; in many ways they feel legitimately conflicted. Maybe they see steroid use as a personal issue, or an abstract issue.... But the result is that steroid use has...
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...Is hip-hop the reason for a corrupt society? Is hip-hop the downfall of Black America? Is it the blame for my violent acts? One may ask him/herself these questions while examining the blames of hip-hop, but these questions are a bit unethical. How can hip-hop be the blame for most violent crimes when these same crimes that are being committed was still here before hip hop, this could be an excuse that one use this as an excuse for being caught. Someone that may be a recurrent listener of hip-hop, a fan, may commit a crime that is not related to hip-hop. A fan of the hip-hop genre should not be held accountable for the domestic violence crime if he/she listens to hip-hop. Hip-hop should not be pulled into the fray because hip-hop is just for...
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...unethically? 2 3.0 Justify why is there a special need for ethical conduct in professions including those in the accounting and auditing related field? 6 4.0 Discuss how the Barings collapse serves as an example of failed internal controls and governance within organization. 13 5.0 Conclusion 20 1.0 Case Summary Nick Leeson, an employee of Barings Bank who after a successful spell working for the firm's office in Indonesia is sent to Singapore as General Manager of the Trading Floor on the SIMEX exchange. Leeson's rise as he soon becomes one of Barings' key traders. However, everything isn't as it appears — through the 88888 error account, Nick is hiding huge losses as he gambles away Baring's money with little more than the bat of an eyelid from the powers-that-be back in London. Eventually the losses mount up to well over £800 million and Nick, along with his wife Lisa, decide to leave Singapore and escape to Malaysia. Nick doesn't realise the severity of his losses until he reads in the newspaper that Barings has gone bankrupt. They then decide to return to London but Nick is arrested en route in Frankfurt. Nick is extradited to Singapore where he is sentenced to six and a half years in jail and is diagnosed with colon cancer. 2.0 What are Ethics? Generally, why do people act unethically? At its simplest, ethics is a system of moral principles. They affect how people make decisions and lead their lives. Ethics is concerned with what...
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...Human Genetic Engineering: The Future of Mankind Human genetic engineering has been a controversial topic with religious leaders since before they even knew what it was. Right off the bat the majority of people are skeptical about this touchy topic just because of the way it sounds, and of course once they hear what it’s all about, they either become even more hesitant to accept it, or reject the idea of it entirely. Some think that the process of human genetic engineering is a bad thing because technically it takes life. The argument is that even though life is being created through fertilization of an embryo, the life cannot feel or understand pain yet, making the process of genetic engineering justifiable. Also, study and research through genetic engineering will ultimately help those who can feel pain. This procedure will cure thousands, and thousands more will be healthier and better off because of the advances we will make. Human genetic engineering is the process of genetically engineering people by modifying or changing their genotypes before they are born. A genotype is a genetic institution of an individual with respect to a particular characteristic; for example eye or hair color. So if a person’s genotype told you they have blue eyes, you could modify that genotype to make it so they would have green eyes. The cells in a person’s body contain encoded information about the body’s growth, structure, and functioning in the form of genes. Human genetic engineering...
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...The tobacco industry continues to abuse the ethics of corporate social responsibility (CSR) to change their public image, whilst also attempting to achieve their goals. This is evident in the ways the industry manipulates data and targets youth smokers. This could be characterised by the analysis of the transparency, dignity and citizenship principles of the Global Business Standards Codex (GBSC). The manipulation of data by the tobacco industry expresses the abuse of the transparency principle, demonstrating their involvement in deception. The tobacco industry has utilised its economic power, political influence, marketing and manipulation of the media to discredit scientific research and, lobby governments to propagate the sale and distribution of its deadly product (Friedman 2009). According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) the tobacco industry has utilised their power to undermine tobacco control through inappropriate relationships with staff, to discourage initiatives, and using front groups for indirect influence. In a historic judgement, United States (US) District Judge Gladys Kessler, ordered tobacco makers to buy newspaper advertisements detailing adverse health effects in smoking. Justice Kessler in her judgement blamed the tobacco companies of suppressing research, destroying documents, distorting the truth about low-tar and light cigarettes to encourage smokers to switch, instead of quitting, and abused the legal system in order to make profit with disregard...
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...and reacting to a situation takes awareness, experience, and proper instincts. All of these lessons pertained to professional life as well as real life. In a perfect world, the ethics discussion portrays the simple comic book difference between light and dark. It should be a classic battle of good versus evil, but Business Ethics, in the reality, is mostly made up of gray area. Some people use the rules of ethics to find legislative loopholes, and others are guided by a moral compass steering them in the right direction. Ethics are determined by social norms of the public. To me, that means that sometimes you really don’t know you’ve done something wrong until the deed is done and the public governs your decision as either clever or unethical. I never really understood it until the blunt truth was told in...
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...The Ethics and Attitudes towards Ecotourism in the Philippines - Mary Ann Chen Ng, MSc. Eubios Ethics Institute, Philippines Email: maryannchenng@yahoo.com The Philippines, a developing country in South East Asia, is faced with the challenges of an increasing population, poverty, inequality, and corruption. With more than a quarter of the Filipino population falling below the poverty threshold, the pressure for productivity and growth has led to practices that have resulted in environmental stress and degradation. In response, the Philippine government has adopted the rhetoric of sustainable development as defined by the 1987 World Commission on Environment and Development. Government policies on economic development have reflected this vision of sustainability and poverty reduction. A major part of the government's economic development plan is ecotourism. In preparation for 2003: Visit the Philippines Year, the Department of Tourism has been actively marketing the country as a safe tropical holiday destination (DOTa, 2002). The aggressive sales missions and advertising campaigns, along with the various activities in 2002 commemorating the International Year of Ecotourism, aim to increase visitor arrivals, and consequently bring in more foreign currency to the country. How much is actually at stake? In 2000 alone, the total annual revenue directly attributed from tourism amounted to about US$ 2.5 billion. There were 1.8 million...
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