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Uniliver

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CHAPTER 1
Understanding Consumer Behavior
CHAPTER SUMMARY
The goal of this chapter is to introduce students to the topic of consumer behavior. The chapter defines what consumer behavior is, what factors affect it, and why it should be studied. Consumer behavior is defined as involving (1) the set of decisions (whether, what, why, how, when, where, how much, how often, how long), (2) made about the acquisition, use, or disposition (3) of products, services, activities, ideas, people or time (4) made by one or more decision-making entities (5) over time.
Consumers’ motivation, ability, and opportunity affect their decisions. These factors influence what consumers are exposed to, what they attend to and what they perceive, how they categorize or interpret information, how they form and change attitudes, and how they form and retrieve memories. Each of these aspects of the psychological core has a bearing on consumer decision making. Decision making itself is based on problem recognition and the search for information, involves some judgment and decision-making processes, and affects others’ decisions as well as one’s own post-decision satisfaction level. Furthermore, consumer decisions are affected by the consumer’s culture, defined as the myriad groups and social systems to which individuals belong, that influence the values and beliefs they hold and the symbols they use to communicate group membership. Factors associated with both the psychological core and culture can influence outcomes such as symbolic consumer behavior and the diffusion of new consumer behavior throughout a market.
Studying consumer behavior can provide useful input to marketing strategies like market segmentation, target market selection, and positioning. It can also guide marketing tactics like product, pricing, distribution, and promotion decisions. Furthermore, the study of consumer

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