...Housing Right of Floating Population in China —The Game of Human Rights and Economics on Temporary Workers’ Urban Housing in China Introduction: Housing, as right and commodity In the street sides of Chinese big cities, the large white containers are very striking. What are inside the metal containers? Human beings, who work in somewhere nearby the containers and most likely work as construction workers. With their limited salary, the containers become their first choice on housing in the urban area. However, this is just the initial choice resulted from their limited economic capability and the lack of accountability of the whole society group. Housing is a concept shared by many disciplines, Economics, Politics and Human Rights. When talking...
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...Index of Contents 1. Definition Real Estate 2 2. Chinese real estate market 2 2.1 overwiev about the chinese real estate market 2 2.2 chinese real estate market in the broader economic context 3 3. China’s long-term Real Estate Fundamentals 4 3.1 strong gdp growth 4 3.2 rural migration to cities 4 3.3 rising middle class and strong upgrade demand 5 3.4 300 million new households in past two decades 6 3.5 limited land supply 6 4. overheating real estate market in the short-term 6 5. government steps in with tough real estate policies 9 5.1 significant increase in land supply and focus on economic housing 9 5.2 downpayment ratios and mortgage rates 9 5.3 Loan restrictions to developers 10 6. summary 10 References 11 1. Definition Real Estate A piece of land, including the air above it and the ground below it, and any buildings or structures on it. Real estate can include business and/or residential properties, and are generally sold either by a relator or directly by the individual who owns the property. In most situations...
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...‘Cheap House Is Not Allowed’ Will China’s real estate bubble burst? Since the onset of the global financial crisis in 2007, China has faced some critical problems linked with the excess of liquidity in its internal market, due to the stimulus plan launched by the Government to soften the effects of the crisis. As a result China is now fighting against a high rate of inflation (especially food prices) and a high cost of property. While the inflation issue has been partially solved in the first term of this year, the fear for the real-estate market trend is still alive. This essay aims to critically analyse the real estate market in China, which is also strictly linked with the health of this country’s economy, by examining this issue from two different perspectives: from the point of view of those scholars who believe that the Chinese bubble will burst and from the point of view of those who believe that the Chinese market is still safe. First of all the essay will give the historical and economic background of the price rises in the Chinese real estate market, from the birth of this important economic sector to the global financial crisis. Secondly, in the core part, this paper will explain the main theory regarding the possibility of the real estate bubble burst and the counter argument. To better understand the actual situation in China there will be also a short comparison with the burst of the American bubble in 2007. In the conclusive paragraph some predictions...
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...a House? Mr. Zou, who did not get married until he bought a house when he was 35 years old, sold his house last year and earned an extra profit about 200,000 RMB. In China, much more men did not get married because they did not own a house; however, housing price keeps soaring. According to National Bureau of Statistics of China, from 2001 to 2011, during the 10 years, the average selling price of commercialized buildings in China has increased 147% from 2170RMB to 5357RMB per square meter, especially in metropolitan cities like Beijing, Shanghai which increased 243% and 310% respectively. Nowadays, most youth and their parents in China are concerned about the price of apartment and hesitate to buy it; however, during the hesitation, the price has reached a high record. In my opinion, Chinese men should not only buy a house but purchase it as soon as possible because of the impact of traditional custom, fierce marriage market and the best investment strategy. To begin with, if people especially men want to get married; they would better possess a house at first because of the traditional customs. Confucius, who was born in 2500 years ago, was a philosopher of the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history. The philosophy of Confucius has a great, deep and persistent impact on each generation in China until now. One of his most famous proverbs is “to rightly govern the state, it is necessary first to regulate one's own family” (Dawson, 1915) which in Chinese, means the man...
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...briefly introduce the changes of the housing policy in China, and try to analyze the reason of the continuous increasing price of the house in China, and try to propose a solution to the problem. A/the changes of the housing policy in China, A series of government measures designed to cool the housing market and battle rising home prices. Changes are rapidly happening. Transactions have stalled and housing prices are failing in cities across the country. Property controls will be relaxed at the same time the word from central government officials and others is restrictions will continue firmly in place. China aims to bring home prices down to a reasonable level to ensure fairness and stability. From Stimulus to Cooling The Chinese government's efforts to control inflation of property prices they begin to pay? According to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), the real estate prices in China fell in July in more cities in June. Prices of existing homes fell in 22 major Chinese cities and remained stable in 12. In order to stop land speculation and the fight against inflation in housing prices in major cities, the Chinese government has implemented a number of measures. So buying a third apartment is prohibited residents of large cities. Chongqing and Shanghai have also tightened the conditions of access to credit and introduced a land tax when purchasing a second well to limit the number of transactions and the fight against the threat of a housing bubble. Authorities have adopted...
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...Nose-Dive in the Chinese Market Candice Tabb International Business MGMT 338 5 December 2014 Duane A. Beaudoin Abstract Fortune 500 companies Home Depot, BestBuy, and Mantel have all failed in the Chinese market. External forces such as competitors and sociocultural effect the companies’ ability to overturn a profit resulting in a complete withdraw. The ideal profitability of China’s market has shown resistance to standardized companies. The unwillingness to adapt and conform to consumers and the lack of preparation on all three companies serves as a lessons learned and displays the true setback of standardizing a product vs. adapt or formulate a new. Fortune 500 Companies Nose-Dive in the Chinese Market China’s Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and its economy have changed dramatically since the 1980’s. Revolution was widely due to the reform era lead by Deng Xiaoping. During the early 1980’s FDI was restricted to a small number of markets in certain regions. FDI policies evolved with time in the mid 1990’s and in the millennium, government policies relaxed and unified with domestic companies. Foreign companies are enticed into the Chinese market by its rising gross domestic product (GDP), favorable foreign exchange regulations, licensing requirements, tariffs, and taxes (Hale & Long, 2012, p. 2) Many U.S born businesses hop on the bandwagon in globalizing in economically stable countries. Hamlin & Li (2010) stated, “In 2010, China surpassed Japan and became...
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...when outweigh the costs, conversely when house prices do not control, its influence will do more harm than good. Introduction Real estate prices question has been one of the important bothers Chinese governments, in my personal view, China's real estate prices continued to raise a few reasons. Was the total population growth, income level, continue to improve, housing costs rising prices, housing loan stimulation, rising expectations, etc. These reasons have been plagued by domestic real estate researchers, real estate prices also leads to national many influence. Its positive influence is can promote economic growth and increase GDP; Negative influence is can lead to inflation, expand the gap between rich and poor. 3.0 Research Methodology Choosing the topic and search the information on the Internet Neatening up the information I search from the Internet Collecting the data Making conclusions Analyzing the reasons by myself Coming up with the solutions of the problems Writing the report 4.0 Main body As is known to all, recent 10 years house prices have plagued the government of China and national. The continued rise in house prices to common people bring heavy life burden, "humble abode" phenomenon has become a very common thing. Since 2005, real estate problem has become a hot topic, when two meetings convened life during, the...
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...Huang Comparative Urbanism, 1st Draft Prof. McDonogh 4-11-2016 Table of Contents Introduction i. In general ii. Study Areas iii. Literature Review: Transport and Suburbia Spatial Development I. Context of Beijing i. Urban Form ii. Work-House Relocation iii. Commuting Patterns and Transport Development II. Context of Philadelphia i. Urban Form ii. Work-House Relocation iii. Commuting Patterns and Transport Development Public Transportation Strategies I. Beijing Subway i. Historical Background ii. Governance and Investment II. Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority Regional Rail i. Historical Background ii. Governance and Investment Transit and Commuting i. Yanjiao: Excess commute ii. King of Prussia: Reverse Commute Discussion and Conclusion Appendix: Images Bibliography Introduction In recent decades, one of the main arguments in relation to increasing transport demand and changing commuting pattern has focused on urban growth. Many existing studies have found strong evidence between land development and travel behaviors. Global urban sprawl has been accompanied by changes in individuals’ housing and employment locations, which in turn brings changes in commuting time, distance and destination. However, there are relatively few studies that explore the role of public transportation in this linkage. Revealing the form and function of public transit...
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... http://jtlu.org . 6 . 1 [2013] pp. 7–24 http://dx.doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.v1.425 Linking urban transport and land use in developing countries Robert Cervero University of California, Berkeley a e mobility challenges of the developing world are considerably different than those in wealthier, advanced countries, and so are the challenges of coordinating transportation and land use. Rapid population growth, poverty and income disparities, overcrowded urban cores, poorly designed road networks, spatial mismatches between housing and jobs, deteriorating environmental conditions, and economic losses from extreme traffic by congestion are among the more vexing challenges faced by developing cities that could be assuaged through improved coordination of transportation and urban development. is is underscored by examples reviewed in this paper from South Asia, Southeast Asia, China, India, Africa, and South America. It is concluded that whatever is done to improve transportation and land-use integration must be pro-poor. e cardinal features of integrated and sustainable transport and urbanism everywhere—accessible urban activities and safe, attractive walking and cycling environs—are particularly vital to the welfare and prosperity of urbanites in the world’s poorest countries. Abstract: Keywords: Urban transportation; land use; Developing cities; Air quality; Poverty 1 The challenges of rapid growth in developing cities e...
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...THE ACER GROUP’S CHINA MANUFACTURING DECISION COURSE: GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT BACKGROUND Acer is a Taiwanese company specializing in advanced electronics technology. It is one of the world’s largest PC and computer component manufacturers. Acer started major expansion of its business by entering India, Russia and the U.S. Their mission was “Fresh technology enjoyed by everyone, everywhere.” Their focus now is Mainland China. They plan to set up its manufacturing sector in China seeking economies of scale, focusing on large markets, which support volume production and, therefore, reduce operating costs. This case study is an analysis with respect to many factors to determine whether China would fit into Acer’s global manufacturing strategy. This report presents an analysis, which will conclude in a judgment of whether they will succeed, or not. ANALYSIS The advanced electronic industry is characterized by strong competition amongst companies of various national origins. Few among the major competitors for Acer include Compaq, Dell, IBM and etc. (refer to exhibit 1). Among them Acer has an added advantage since China is a well-understood market for Taiwanese. The major step to develop any business is a complete market analysis of the region to ensure Acer understands the market nature. Acer’s aim was to achieve a “Global vision with a local touch” This ‘local touch’ could be achieved with less effort as Acer has complete knowledge about the Chinese cultural...
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...Introduction Nowadays house price is becoming increasingly important, as residents should take the house price into consideration when they plan to buy a house and policymakers should make regulations on real estate market based on house price. Therefore, the determinants of house price are becoming increasingly important. However, some misunderstandings still exist，such as the real relationship between house price and land price. The author will elaborate on the relationship mentioned above from the following two aspects. From the aspect of microeconomics, due to some reasons like changing jobs to other cities or deciding to change the living environment, people may buy a new house to start their new lives. Some individuals like to take convenience and quality of environment into consideration, and they may prefer some more comfortable places that have a good public transport service or short distance to CBD (Central Business District). According to the study of the relationship between New York vacant land price and location by Atack (1998, pp.151-172), the author concludes that the distance from city hall and land price have an inverse relationship. Thus, if they want to choose a place that may provide many conveniences, they cannot probably afford the house because of the high price of land. Then they may be always likely to regard land price as a sole determinant as land and house have a strong relationship regardless of other factors. Therefore, a concept may be shaped...
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...Markets in action YUN TANG 43101418 Abstract Explain how do the price elasticity of demand and the price elasticity of supply impact magnitude of the impact from market intervention. Explain the reason and the method that government intervene the market price. Analysis the Chinese governments’ intervention and the unexpected outcomes on Chinese housing market in 2008 and 2010. Keywords Price elasticity of demand Price elasticity of demand Chinese housing market Government intervention There are various ways for the government to intervene the market and the major way is to fix the price ,not setting a minimum price or setting a maximum price. Once the government fix the market price, there will be some differences both in demand and supply. When the price of a good rises , the quantity demand will fall while the quantity supply will rise, and vice versa. The price elasticity of demand and the price of elasticity can interpret the impact magnitude of the impact from market intervention. The price elasticity of demand equals percentage change in quantity demanded divides percentage change in price. The price elasticity of demand equals percentage change in quantity demanded divides percentage change in price. If we just ignore the sign and just concern about the value , the price elasticity of demand and the price elasticity of supply(as a symbol ε) can be classified into three types. When...
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...New groups of Urban Immigrants - the new generation of migrant workers 王雪舟 10300680200 【Abstract】 In the context of social development, the new generation of migrant workers show new features including their mindset, career choices, values, and many other great changes have taken place. However, these people are also facing with some new contradictions and problems for they want to fully integrate into the city. Studies on characteristics of China’s new migrant workers, as well as comparisons with the previous generation have great significance in adjusting and improving migrant workers ' policies in China. 【Key Word】 migrant workers; new generation; system; policy I. Brief introduction What is the “new generation of migrant workers”? In 2010, State Council issued the No.1 document “Opinions on balancing urban and rural development to further solidify agriculture with rural economy” and for the first time put forward the term “New generation of migrant workers.”. Yet there is still no clear definition. In my perspective, “New generation of migrant workers” are migrant workers who are born from the 80’s to the 90’s, who are currently at the age between 16 to 26. Some of them leave the countryside to go into cities for working while others grow up in the city with their parents——the old generation of migrant workers, lacking permanent City Hukou. In order to distinguish from the old group ,we call the young group the “New generation of migrant workers”...
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...China research – Bullet 5 Demographics Political and legal environment in China make it very volatile for business outside of the country. China is undergoing massive urbanisation with millions (160m) of people moving from rural to urban environments. However the mass industrialisation comes with a lot of pollution costs. The urbanisation is pushing up consumption per person but also increasing income per person. Population in China is suspected to reach 1 billion by 2030. The scale and pace of China's urbanization continues at an unprecedented rate. If current trends hold, China's urban population will hit the one billion mark by 2030. In 20 years, China's cities will have added 350 million people more than the entire population of the United States today. By 2025, China will have 221 cities with one million–plus inhabitants—compared with 35 cities of this size in Europe today—and 23 cities with more than five million. For companies in China and around the world, the scale of China’s urbanization promises substantial new markets and investment opportunities. Yet the expansion of China's cities will represent a huge challenge for local and national leaders. Of the slightly more than 350 million people that China will add to its urban population by 2025, more than 240 million will be migrants. This growth will imply major pressure points for many cities including the challenge of managing these expanding populations, securing sufficient public funding for the provision of social...
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...women are usually offered lower paying jobs. Women also experience inequality because they have been historically considered to have less education than men. Women are also not treated equal because they are perceived as being less powerful, having less prestige, and less ownership than men. 5. The growth rate of the urban population in developing countries is dramatically increasing because of the desire to move from the country to the city for what is thought to be a better life. However, because of the rapid growth of urban areas the city is no longer able to provide jobs, housing, and resources that people need. The unemployment rates in urban areas tend to be extremely high especially for individuals who are new to the city. Many urban areas in developing countries not only suffer from high unemployment rates but also from transportation and housing problems. As the urban population increases the resources become limited and eventually nonexistent. Because of the severity of problems with urban growth, countries such as China are trying to regulate it. 6. An effect of the expansion of cities is the growth of urban crime. Urban crime is constantly growing. Urban crime is an obstacle of economic development. Corporate investors, international development agencies and merchants are discouraged from starting or supporting economic activity by the threat of crime and violence. A major crime prevention obstacle for developing countries is the lack of funding. The governments of...
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