...vital way of communicating in our lives. Intentionally and unintentionally we communication with our body language, gestures, eye-contact and expressions. I have explained a few ways of communicating non-verbally and how non-verbal communication outweighs verbal communication. I Can See What You’re Thinking Our language is the essence of the entire communication. Our verbal language, or the actual words that we communicate, provide us with the ability to express who we are, what we want, what we need, and what we desire. Our bodies also communicate along with our voice. A person’s mannerisms convey what he/she is trying to say. We have heard of “Actions speak louder than words” meaning what we do is more important or significant than what we say. Though verbal communication is important to the communication process it actually only makes up a small percentage of our total communication. Non-verbal communication is anything we communicate, intentional or non-intentional, without using words. Non-verbal communication constitutes of 75 to 95 percent of our total communication. According to Mark Knapp and Judith Hall in their book Non-verbal Communication in Human Interaction, “Clearly non-verbal signals are a critical part of all our communication endeavors. Sometimes non-verbal signals are the most important part of your message. Understanding and effectively using non-verbal behavior is crucial in virtually every sector of our society.” When you walk into a store, you...
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...California English: * Almost 50% of the population is made up of Latino/African Americans with separate accents. * Caucasian people pronounce the vowels in hawk and hock the same as well as cot and caught. * Moving vowels forward in the mouth is resulting in changes of vowel sound Cajun: * This dialect is a mixture of French, Canary Island Spanish, German, and English. * Some characteristics include fast talking, clipped vowels and an abundance of French terms. * The /th/ sound is usually replaced with /t/ or /d/. New York: * “on line” instead of “in line” * “dungarees” instead of “jeans” * The /o/ can make an /aw/ and /th/ can make a /t/ sound. California English: * Almost 50% of the population is made up of Latino/African Americans with separate accents. * Caucasian people pronounce the vowels in hawk and hock the same as well as cot and caught. * Moving vowels forward in the mouth is resulting in changes of vowel sound Cajun: * This dialect is a mixture of French, Canary Island Spanish, German, and English. * Some characteristics include fast talking, clipped vowels and an abundance of French terms. * The /th/ sound is usually replaced with /t/ or /d/. New York: * “on line” instead of “in line” * “dungarees” instead of “jeans” * The /o/ can make an /aw/ and /th/ can make a /t/ sound. American Varieties of English American Varieties of English Linguistic Terms Linguistic Terms - Standard...
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...LEGAL METHODS OUTLINE COMMON LAW REASONING • Role of precedent • Law is not unchanging • Distinguishing cases based on the individual facts to come to new conclusions o Judges give more or less weight to different factors • Narrow/broad interpretations of common law rulings • Rules vs. Standards o Rules: more stringent result (binding) ▪ DEMAND that a decision maker respond a certain way to the presence of triggering facts. ▪ ROL is ostensibly neutral and general; however ▪ Severe impartiality can lead to inhumane results (Think Palsgraf and ct costs) ▪ Consider: The Restatement has no precedential power…do cts sometimes neglect careful analysis of problems b/c of their willingness to defer to the restatement? ▪ Bright line rules: The more the law is settled, the more likely it is that people won’t litigate. Highly predictable outcomes. o Standard: more general interpretation (more leeway in end result) ▪ If there are multiple criteria for analyzing the law, almost always use the standards approach. ▪ direct application of a background principle or policy ▪ Standards mean that there will probably be a lot more for the jury to decide (their sympathies come into play) • Legal doctrines that collide => different levels of generality o Deciding the facts that turn the case • Power...
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...“Never judge a book by its cover.” This was written by Edwin Rolfe in 1946. This quote is still used to this day and is one of the most insightful sayings to exist. By saying this, you are saying that you can see what's on the outside. But you won't get the full experience until you see what's on the inside. This quote has a deeper meaning than what it conveys. All of these stories have a deeper meaning in them and they express them in many different ways. You can fully understand the meanings by comparing the figurative language, poetic devices, and the subject in the stories. First, in the story “Watermelon,” by Charles Simic, there is plenty of figurative language. The story starts by implying that the “Green Buddhas,” are the watermelons....
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...are still people who do not completely understand why the concept of being able to speak more than one language is a good thing. Franklin Ruff, senior producer for Radio America, says that bilingualism in America is not effective for anybody living in the country and that it is simply being used to accommodate those who speak other languages. There are many American who feel like Ruff, and this mentality leads to discrimination, racism, and using language to oppress those, specifically minorities, that are multilingual. The most common form of oppression that minorities face is discrimination which can include racist and derogatory remarks, such as in the case of...
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...and development, a supportive work environment, and a standard of equality within the workforce and for their product. Starbucks is a company focused on the customer experience, its employees, and improving the planet. The founder and Chief Executive Officer, Howard Schultz, “knew the baristas would be everything to the company, so he treated them well, offering stock options and health insurance to even part-time employees (and everyone was called a partner)” [sic] (Berfield, p. 30). Schultz is a charismatic and transformational leader and his vision always has been to “sell an experience and so he created a gathering place with its own language and culture” (Berfield, p. 30). Because transformational leaders are those who have a profound effect on their followers and encourage them to transcend their own self-interests (Robbins & Judge), it is not surprising that Schultz is always encouraging the company to be more innovative. He strives to find additional ways to improve operations and continue to grow while maintaining the customers’ experience. Because of Schultz’s vision Starbucks in the same league with many other worldwide American-based food and beverage chains and not simply just a small, quaint coffee shop in the Seattle area. Starbucks attributes a bulk of its success to effectively training its employees across the globe. A cappuccino should taste the same in Seattle or Hong Kong. Training itself is one of the integral...
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...Statutory Interpretations is the process by which Judges interpret Acts of Parliament. 75% of cases heard by the House of Lords are concerned with statutory interpretation. Statutory Interpretation is the process of reading and applying statutory laws, and judges trying to find out the intention of parliament when passing the law. Sometimes the words of a statute have a plain and straightforward meaning. But in most cases, there is some ambiguity (can be interpreted in more than one way) or vagueness (unclear) in the words of the statute that must be resolved by the judge. An example of where the language was unclear can be seen in the case of Twining v Myers (1982), where court has to decide whether roller skates amounted to a ‘vehicle’. There may be other cases where the meaning of words change over time, for example the Offences Against a Persons Act 1861 uses the word “malicious” and “grievous” which either would not be used in this modern day and time, or if used have different meanings to which was intended when the Drafts Man of the act write it. Other means of when Statutory interpretations would be needed is when Drafting errors are present in the bill, this happens mostly when bills are rushed in times of emergency. Problems of interpreting statutes? The problems with interpreting statues is that Judges have to decide what parliament meant by a particular piece of legislation. In most cases judges correctly judge of what the intentions of parliament was at the time...
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...concepts of language viewed as a set of rules. He believes that the ideal speaker-hearer knows the language of that community perfectly. That is why, the knowledge of the ideal speaker-hearer is more important to him than the descriptive rules of a language. Chomsky, in his revolutionary book Aspects of the Theory of Syntax (1965), has made a fundamental distinction between the knowledge of a language and its actual use. In order to explain his views about language, he has used two terms— (1) competence and (ii) performance. Competence (Grammatical sense): Linguistic competence, according to Chomsky, is the ideal speaker-hearer knowledge about a language. This knowledge is possessed by an ideal speaker-hearer. This knowledge helps to judge about a language. For example, an ideal speaker-hearer can judge which sentences are correct and which are not. In sum, linguistic competence is grammatical competence of an ideal speaker-hearer. Chomsky describes 'competence' as an idealized capacity that is located as a psychological or mental property (which naturally develops within us). This capacity or ability allows the speaker to understand the underlying rules of a language. Hence, competence allows the user to make general statements about the language. For this reason, the theory of linguistic competence is called grammar of a language. However, it is like the grammar taught in schools. Performance (Usage): By 'Performance' Chomsky means 'the use of language in concrete...
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...2012 Debra Brown Demonstrative Communication Demonstrative communication is a form of communication that people use in their everyday lives to communicate with our coworkers, friends, relatives, and loved ones. The way we express verbal and nonverbal communication involves facial expressions, tone of voice, and body language. Demonstrative communication can be effective and ineffective, positive or negative for the sender, and receiver. Verbal communication is a spoken word and includes intended and indirect meanings, tone, and vocal variation. For example, the question “Where are you going?” has different meanings depending on tone of voice. Nonverbal communication is the way a person communicate using the movement of eyes, facial expression, head position, posture, arm, and hand gestures. Non-verbal communication can affect the message an individual send positive or negative response. There are several examples of nonverbal communication naming a few sign language and culture nonverbal communication. For example, when a deaf person communicates with a hearing a person he or she uses the components of nonverbal communication. People who do not know sign language will be able to recognize when a deaf person is mad or overjoyed they will understand by the demonstration of his or her body language and facial expression. About 70% of a deaf person communication is nonverbal. Cultural nonverbal communication can create misunderstandings...
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...1. Power and difference b/w power and influence. Ans. According to Robbins and Judge, “Power is a capacity that A has to influence the behavior of B so that B acts in accordance with A’s wishes.”(2015).The most important aspect of the power is that is a function of dependency. The greater the B’s dependence on A, the greater is A’s power in relationship. For example, if you want a college degree and have to pass a certain course to get it, and your current instructor is the only faculty member in the college who teaches that course, he or she has a power over you. Influence: the capacity or power of persons or things to be a compelling force on or produce effects on the actions, behavior, opinions, etc., of others (dictionary.com). 2. What is leadership and how does it differ from management? Ans. Leadership: According to Robbins and Judge,” Leadership is defined as the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals.”(2014) the source of this influence may be formal, such as that provided by managerial rank in an organization. But not all leaders are managers, nor are all managers leaders. On the other hand, management is defined as the act or skill of controlling and making decisions about a business, department, sports team, etc.(Robbins &Judge,2014) Difference between leadership and management are: All organizations need strong leadership and strong management for optimal effectiveness. We need leaders to challenge the status...
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...Explore the ways power an authority shape spoken language using the extract from the boardroom scene in the apprentice In this essay I shall be analysing ways that power and authority and used through spoken language in the board room scene and many sections of the Apprentice. Firstly The differences between spoken and written language is that, spoken language are the different ways which people communicate verbally, For example some people could speak with an accent or with some slang words or fillers, this is spoken language, the way you speak. Written language is different because it’s what you write and it doesn’t always contain accents, dialect, or fillers etc. My reason for choosing to look at the sections of the apprentice is because we see that in the apprentice a lot of language is used to show power and authority between the candidates and Lord Sugar, therefore I shall analyse language during the apprentice in this essay and show how power and authority is shown. When talking about spoken language we know that many people are judged by how they talk and the language in which they use. Nowadays everyone is expected to speak Standard English because they think if you do it makes you seem and look like a better person. For example we see that if someone was to talk Standard English people would assume they are well educated, literate and classify them as being middle-higher class person. However if someone was to not speak standard English then they would be seen...
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...brought hope to different ethnic groups across the world. For some, it may mean freedom of religion, freedom of speech, to follow the American dream, or something else. Since people are in search of something different, a lot of people move to America to find that something they are looking for because of this America has been nicknamed the Melting Pot of the World. Since people all around the world has moved to America, there a lot of different languages, cultures, and dialects. Instead of making fun of the dialects, I embrace them. I love learning about different ways of how people speak. I have learned that just because people don’t talk just like me; doesn’t make any of us less smart or dumb. There are certain times that one should talk formal and times where one can talk informally. I have learned that when one group of people stops talking to each other than other dialects or even languages can be and most likely will be formed. In General American English words can contract, but in AAVE they just dropped some words out. I have learned a lot about different and dialects; I will always think twice when I go to judge someone for speaking differently, after all there is always two sides of a story or in this case language....
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...De Maupassant’s and Dahl’s Methods of Theme Dalai Lama, the Tibetan leader, once said that “appearance is something absolute, but reality is not that way.”This quote brings to light the theme that appearances can be deceiving, a theme in many stories. With their utilization of symbolism and figurative language, Guy de Maupassant in “Lamb to the Slaughter,” and Roald Dahl in “The Necklace,” convey the theme that looks can be deceiving. In both of these stories there are several examples of these authors using symbolism to convey the theme. After the party, in “The Necklace”, where Madame Loisel wore the necklace, de Maupassant said that “Madame Loisel was a success. She was the prettiest woman present”(de Maupassant 4). In this part of the...
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...the messages that you are sending is understood, but effective communication involves more than just understanding the message. Effective communication involves what the communicators were thinking, feeling, wanting, or his or her intention. To ensure that effective communication one should follow the communication process model that entails the sender, receiver, encoding, decoding, the message, channel and feedback (Cheseboro, O’Connor, Rios, 2010). There are times that communication can’t be put in words and we have to use demonstrative communication. Demonstrative communication is the nonverbal and unwritten way that we communicate with one another. Demonstrative communication involves such things as your facial expressions, body language, tone of voice or any other way that we communicate nonverbally (Fadal, syllabus, p.2). In our paper we will examine the ways of demonstrative communication. We will provide examples showing how demonstrative communication can be effective and ineffective. Our paper will show the positive and negative effects of demonstrative communication and how it involves listening and responding as well. When many think of examples of demonstrative communication the first to come to mind is facial expression. The initial tell indicative of how someone is reacting to the information that is being expressed to them is their facial expression. A good example of this would be the players of a game of poker. Though the information itself is non-verbal...
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...GRAAD 12 NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 ENGLISH HOME LANGUAGE P1 FEBRUARY/MARCH 2011 MARKS: 70 TIME: 2 hours This question paper consists of 17 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over English Home Language/P1 2 NSC DBE/Feb. – Mar. 2011 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. This question paper consists of THREE sections: SECTION A: Comprehension SECTION B: Summary SECTION C: Language in context 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Read ALL the instructions carefully. Answer ALL the questions. Start EACH section on a NEW page. Rule off after each section. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. Leave a line after each answer. Pay special attention to spelling and sentence construction. Use the following time frames as a guideline: SECTION A: 50 minutes SECTION B: 25 minutes SECTION C: 45 minutes 10. Write neatly and legibly. (30) (10) (30) 7. 8. 9. Copyright reserved Please turn over English Home Language/P1 3 NSC DBE/Feb. – Mar. 2011 SECTION A: COMPREHENSION QUESTION 1: READING FOR MEANING AND UNDERSTANDING Read TEXTS A, B and C below and answer the set questions. TEXT A UBUNTU FOR BEGINNERS by Sam Wilson 1 I studied constitutional law at university, when our transitional constitution was just up and running. 'Nifty, but tricky,' I remember whispering to my friend Amanda as I nudged her awake in a lecture. 'What do you think that means? How's that going to 5 work?' As I was soon to discover...
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