...Ethics Essay LeeAnn Tedford ETH/316 3/21/2016 Linda Emmele Ethics Everybody has a different upraising making them each have different views on ethics. There are three different types of ethical theories. These types include the virtue theory, utilitarianism, and deontological. Ethical theory deals with how one should behave in relation to someone else. Virtue According to IEP, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, “Virtue ethics is a broad term for theories that emphasize the role of character and virtues in moral philosophy.” Most virtue ethics take their inspiration from Aristotle. He stated that a virtuous person is one that has ideal character traits. A virtuous person is one that is kind across many situations over their lifetime because that is their character. They do not do this because they want to maximize their utility or gain anything from their actions. Virtue ethics doesn't aim primarily to identify universal principles but deals with wider questions. Some examples of these questions include “How should I live?” and “What is the good life?” (Athanassoulis, N.) There are some common objections to virtue ethics. It does not sufficiently consider the extent to how our actions affect other people because it provides a self-centered conception of ethics due to the fact that human flourishing is seen as an end and not itself. This theory doesn't provide guidance on hoe we should act. Finally the ability to cultivate the right virtues can and will...
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...Ethics Essay Jessica Washington ETH/316 February 1, 2014 Randy Howell Ethics Essay There are two major theories that try to break down and justify moral rules and principles of life. Virtue ethics looks closer at the role ones character plays, what virtues that person has to determine their ethical behavior. Deontological ethics is the natural moral law one lives by, intuitions from common sense. The word “deontological” comes from the Greek word Deon which means “binding duty.” (Moreland, 2009) Deontological ethics focuses more on doing the right thing, yes we know that lying or cheating is wrong however the consequences are not important. Consequences are what allow and help us realize what is morally wrong. When it comes to Utilitarianism (also called consequentialism) is a moral theory developed and refined in the modern world in the writings of Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873). (Moreland, 2009) A utilitarian believes that there is no rule or moral act that can be looked at as right or wrong morality is a means to a greater end. The difference between these ethical approaches of morality can be found in the way moral dilemmas are seen, not in the moral conclusion reached in the end. The word "virtue" is one such word that some individuals may interpret to imply a type of strength or power, while another individual may interpret the word to imply a type of righteousness and purity. (Ethics, 2013) Moral and ethical statements should also...
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...1: Ethics Essay ETH/316 Ethics Ethics are the ways in which we react to an experience or situation. Ethics are instilled within individuals and spill over to the workplace. There are various types and theories on ethics such as the virtue theory, the utilitarianism theory, and the deontological theory. There are similarities as well as differences for each theory. The virtue theory focuses on the character of the individual. It highlights the idea of how a person can be “good” and what it takes for a person to be considered “good”. This theory originated with the Greeks as they thought in order to be praiseworthy one had to develop certain habits and characteristics. (Boylan, M.,2009) Virtue Ethics takes the viewpoint that individuals should always strive for excellence. The problem with virtue ethics is that it relies on common opinion, meaning that one individual is able to judge whether or not another is being “good” or achieving excellence, but what makes that person the judge of all judges? When looking at virtue ethics an individual would strive for excellence, however what would make that person great? Virtue ethics would do really well in a society where everyone is expected to achieve the same goals or behave the same way; on the other hand in a society where self-expression and individual choices are respected and praised virtue ethics would have difficulty taking shape. The utilitarianism ethical theory differs from virtue ethics...
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...Ethics Essay Rukiya Parsons Ethics and Social Responsibility / 316 09/03/2015 Larhonda Jones Ethics Essay Ethics is defined as the study of moral philosophy that involves systematizing, defending and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct as it pertains to habit or custom. The ethical theory focuses on the actions or character of an individual in relation to an ethical situation or issue. When I think of ethics I automatically am drawn to the conclusion of something being considered right or wrong based on cultural rules, while on the other hand when judging the morality of a situation I will almost always base my decision on personal values of what I consider to be just. This paper will compare the similarities and differences of ethical theories as it relates to ethics and morality. Consequential Theories “Consequential theories base morality on the results or outcomes of behaviors. Actions with good consequences are morally right; actions with bad consequences are morally wrong.” (Nicholas Manias, 2013, Ethics Applied, p.113) Utilitarianism An ethical theory that is almost self-explanatory, concluding that the best moral action results in optimal use or “utility” in an individual producing more good in a situation than bad for great numbers. As stated in the reading, happiness vs. unhappiness and the outcome of happiness proves to be morally ethical. Non-consequential Theories “Non-consequential theories base morality on factors other than...
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...in a business context. Andrew Brady 10358293 Ethics can be defined as distinguishing and choosing between right and wrong (Oxford English Dictionary) and is a central part of what makes us human. It is, however, not as simple as it would first appear. The idea of ethics has long been the topic of discussion for philosophers and there are many differing views on the issue ranging from utilitarianism to virtue ethics. Despite this multitude of views certain grounds are agreed upon with regards to ethics: * The possibility of free will. * The focus on an individual’s relationship with others. * Some form of individual responsibility. (O’Regan, A; 2012) Morality and ethics are the fabrics with which our society is sewn. Society, its laws, social order and ethics are all interlinked. One of the main goals of society is to create harmony among its people and as such morality plays a huge role (Anon; 2007). Without these moral principles humans would act on mere base instinct with little regard for consequence, be they positive or negative. With this in mind it can be said that ethics and morality arise when we are no longer bound by the rules and laws of our society and as such must look within ourselves to decide what is right or wrong (Anon; 2007). As I have already said ethics is seen as an entirely human concept and is often seen as a social construct. I would be inclined to agree with this sentiment as ethics tend to change from culture to culture. That which...
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...Contextual Analysis The concept of Utilitarianism by Mill is that an action is right if it tends to promote happiness and wrong if it tends to produce the reverse of happiness- not just the happiness of the performer of the action but also that of everyone affected by it. The Rainbow Fish relates to a core notion of basic utilitarianism, the happiness of the group vs. the happiness of the individual. The basic of utilitarian tenets of "The greatest good for the greatest number" and "Maximizing happiness across the population" are easily apparent when reflecting on Rainbow Fish's decision and the consequences (Mill). In the Rainbow Fish's case, theoretically, he was going to be a little less happy if he lost his scales, but as a result his friends will become much happier. In practice, though, giving everyone a scale actually made him even happier. Mill’s theory of maximizing happiness across the population in Utilitarianism explains why Rainbow Fish becomes happier when he shares his scales with the other fish and his perspective of selfishness explains why Rainbow Fish is unhappy at first. In the book, The Rainbow Fish, there is one of the most beautiful fish in the ocean. Unlike all of the other fish, Rainbow Fish had shimmering, colorful scales. He is asked to share one of his shining scales with a little blue fish, and to which he refuses. All the other fish in the sea leave him alone, and he wondered why. He goes to the wise octopus for advice, and she tells him to give...
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...closed one * Morals are keeping us in the open for now * Econospherethe total worth of everything we have * Fossil fuel is buried sunshine * Shift from Cowboy Economy—people believe that there are unlimited shits, i.e. like the wild west to Spaceship Economy * Spaceship Economywe have only brought enough food/resources for the people we are carrying and must make it last for as long as we can * Stresses resource management * Doesn’t really consider environmental impact as much as more about conservation * Focuses more on population vs. environmental impact * Entropy (?) * Spaceman Economy living within our means, don’t worship production vs. costs… more conservation concerned * Fracking is a good example of us still in a cowboy mode although we are shifting toward Spaceman * Reference to Ethics—ethics, it is us, it is a plural term… we have an ethical obligation to think of future generations * Solutions at the end of the article * 1) Using taxation to deter others * 2) Correction to price system higher price higher quality * 3) Legislative action 2) Garrett Hardin: “The Tragedy of the Commons” (1968) * Background: * Lived in US (1915-2003) * Professor Human Ecology at UC Santa Barbara * Known for Hardin’s First Law of Ecology: stating the impossibility...
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...closed one * Morals are keeping us in the open for now * Econospherethe total worth of everything we have * Fossil fuel is buried sunshine * Shift from Cowboy Economy—people believe that there are unlimited shits, i.e. like the wild west to Spaceship Economy * Spaceship Economywe have only brought enough food/resources for the people we are carrying and must make it last for as long as we can * Stresses resource management * Doesn’t really consider environmental impact as much as more about conservation * Focuses more on population vs. environmental impact * Entropy (?) * Spaceman Economy living within our means, don’t worship production vs. costs… more conservation concerned * Fracking is a good example of us still in a cowboy mode although we are shifting toward Spaceman * Reference to Ethics—ethics, it is us, it is a plural term… we have an ethical obligation to think of future generations * Solutions at the end of the article * 1) Using taxation to deter others * 2) Correction to price system higher price higher quality * 3) Legislative action 2) Garrett Hardin: “The Tragedy of the Commons” (1968) * Background: * Lived in US (1915-2003) * Professor Human Ecology at UC Santa Barbara * Known for Hardin’s First Law of Ecology: stating the impossibility...
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...Assignment #6 Leadership Skills for the Criminal Justice Professional Write a 2-3 page essay describing the leadership skills that criminal justice professionals should develop and maintain in their professional and personal lives. Discuss the importance of ethics and virtue criminal justice leadership. In addition to material covered in the textbook and classroom lectures, utilize at least 3 web-based documentary resources to support your essay. This paper should adhere to APA style standards including the following: Double space, 1” margins, title page, in text citation of references, and a reference page. CJS is one of the major public services in the country. Across the CJS, agencies such as the Police, the Courts, the Prison Service, the Crown Prosecution Service and the National Probation Service work together to deliver the criminal justice process The criminal justice system consists of a number of separate agencies that in theory gel together to produce a just outcome when a crime has been committed. In the criminal justice system, there are specific codes of ethics that apply to any lawyer or legal assistant. Sometimes the code of ethics may require something that is contrary to your personal ethics. You will need to balance your personal ethics against the ethical code of your profession. Model Code of Ethics Each state has a professional code or rules of ethics that set out what an attorney can and cannot, or should and should not, do in situations...
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...Ethics and ethical theories: a road map for teaching ethics in business schools Joan Fontrodona (IESE Business School, Spain), Manuel Guillén (University of Valencia, Spain), and Alfredo Rodríguez-Sedano (University of Navarre, Spain) Introduction A three-dimensional framework to explain ethical theories Ethical approaches of business firms Teaching ethics experiences using this framework Discussion of the teaching experiences Conclusions References 1 2 6 9 10 12 13 Introduction This paper tries to contribute, in some way, to the urgent need recently warned by Benedict XVI: “the university, for its part, must never lose sight of its particular calling to be a "universitas" in which the various disciplines, each in its own way, are seen as part of a greater unum. How urgent is the need to rediscover the unity of knowledge and to counter the tendency to fragmentation and lack of communicability that is all too often the case in our schools!”1 This seems to be a challenge for both, Catholic and non-Catholic universities. The purpose of this paper is to present a theoretical framework that helps to conceptualize ethics and to clarify the characteristics and limits of the different ethical theories. In other words, students without philosophical background will find here a synthetic “road map” of ethical approaches. This framework has been previously published in a book in Spain2. In this paper, authors will describe the model and discuss how it has been successfully tested...
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...SER. B OSA - TOM. 348 HUMANIORA Essays on Business and Leadership Ethics Tuomo Takala TURUN YLIOPISTO UNIVERSITY OF TURKU Turku 2012 ISBN 978-951-29-5010-2 (PRINT) ISBN 978-951-29-5011-9 (PDF) ISSN 0082-6987 Painosalama Oy – Turku, Finland 2012 A note from the writer I was born in 1955 and am a professor of management and leadership at the University of Jyväskylä, with a solid academic track record. My main academic work has been research in the area of business ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR). Based on my research I have written around a hundred publications, of which about fifty can be seen as scientifically significant, in one way or another. I started as a business leadership major at the University of Jyväskylä in 1977. General studies sparked my interest in philosophy, and in time I became more and more interested in it. I graduated as a Master of Economics in 1982, at which point I had already done Advanced studies in Philosophy. Nevertheless, I did my postgraduate studies in economics and began to study corporate societal responsibility in 1983. At the same time I continued my studies in philosophy and graduated as a M.Sc (Philosophy) in 1986, the same year when I finished my licentiate’s work on societal responsibility for the Business Studies program in the University of Jyväskylä (Ph.D in Economics 1991). At that time, I was already also interested in the thematic of business ethics. These fields were not popular in...
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...Class Policies: Attendance Policy Students are expected to attend all regularly scheduled classes. Should absences be necessary, students are responsible for the material covered during the absences. Faculty cannot grant requests for excessive amounts of make-up material, and they may request written documentation detailing the reason for the absences. Excessive absences make it almost impossible for a student to meet the academic objectives of a course; they frequently cause a student to receive a lower grade, even though, the absences were unavoidable. Strayer University requires all faculty members to take attendance during each class period and to record it accurately on their permanent roster. This data is available for verification of attendance by the appropriate governmental agencies and educational accrediting organizations. A student who is absent from four consecutive class meetings, excluding holidays and emergency cancellation of classes, will be withdrawn automatically from that course. A student will be withdrawn automatically from a mini-session course when he/she misses two consecutively scheduled class meetings. Students not attending scheduled on-ground classes will receive zero points for the weekly discussions. Students arriving to class (or leaving class) more than 30 minutes late/early will receive a 2 point deduction for all discussions. Students arriving (or leaving class) more than 1 hour late/early will receive a 5 point deduction for all...
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...Knowledge Area Module VI Contemporary Issues and the Ethical Delivery of Health Services Student: Harold Taitt, harold.taitt@waldenu.edu Student ID # A00293212 Program: Ph.D. Health Services Specialization: Health Management and Policy Faculty Mentor: Dr. Robert Hoye, robert.hoye@waldenu.edu Faculty Assessor: Dr. Jim Goes, jim.goes@waldenu.edu Walden University May 10, 2013 Abstract Breadth Component In this age of rapidly evolving technological advances, many of the legal and ethical issues that are challenging the delivery of health care and the health care profession are new. As we confront the legal, moral, and ethical aspects of health care, we are seldom faced with decisions that require or are resolved by simple right or wrong answers (Edge & Kreiger, 1998). In the Breadth component of KAM VI, I focus on several ethical theories and how those theories influence the way ethical issues and concerns are addressed and managed in the allocation and delivery of health care services. I critically assess and evaluate those theories, concepts, and derivative principles as they impact important decisions and the implications of those decisions within the context of social change and with special emphasis on health care management and policy. In addition, I discuss the key assumptions on which the selected theories are constructed, compare and contrast the writers’ interpretations across theories, and conclude by providing a critical commentary on the merits of the selected...
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...Effective Communication Table of Contents Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………..4 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………5 Chapter One: History of Ethical Theory Development Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….…6 Definition of Ethics Business Ethics and Individual Ethics: Is There a Difference?…………………….…..7 Virtue Ethics…………………………………………………………………………............9 Practical Wisdom……………………………………………………………….14 Eudaimonia……………………………………………………………………...15 Kantian Ethics……………………………………………………………………16 Ethical Egoism…………………………………………………………………………….....18 Consequentialist Ethics.……………………………………………………………………..21 Chapter Two: Corporate Social Responsibility Introduction 27 Corporate Social Responsibility 27 Summary 34 Chapter Three: The National Football League’s Blackout Policy is Unethical Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….…35 The History of the NFL Blackout Policy: The Legal Test…………………………………..37 The Economic Test: Do Blackouts Have a Positive Economic Benefit?...............................39 The Philanthropic Test……………………………………………………………………….43 The Ethics Test………………………………………………………………………………47 Summary……………………………………………………………………………………..51 Chapter Four: Effective Communication Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….....50 Effective Communication Defined………………………………………………………..…50 This Student’s Display of Effective Communication…………………………………….....51 Written Communication………………………………………………………………...
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...Revision Booklet To be used alongside the textbook and your classnotes. Contents G581: Philosophy of Religion Religious Language......................................................………p.1 Religious Experience........................................................…...p.7 Miracles..................................................................…………...p.12 Nature of God............................................................………...p.16 Life and Death.........................................................…………..p.20 G582: Religious Ethics Meta-ethics...........................…………………………………….p.25 Free Will and Determinism………………………………….……p.28 Conscience.......................…………………………………….…p.32 Virtue Ethics………………………………………………………..p.36 Sexual Ethics…………………………………………………...….p.40 Environment and Business Ethics……………………………….p.44 Religious Language Introduction The problems of religious language: • If we use language univocally about God, then we are limiting him / making him like a human • If we use language equivocally about God, we cannot be sure what the word means when applied to God • Are statements about God supposed to be cognitive – if so, what evidence proves / disproves them? • Are statements about God supposed to be non-cognitive – if so, do they have any meaning? The Verification Principle The Vienna...
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