...Documented Essay Vertical Farming and its Contribution to Minimizing Jamaica’s Food Import Crisis Abstract Jamaica has not been able to meet the demands for food for its population and its visitors. The purpose of this research is to identify a solution for Jamaica’s dependence of attaining agricultural produce from external sources. This is achieved through vertical farming, the process of growing plants and animals in high rise buildings or cultivating upward in an isolated greenhouse. Numerous literature and statistical data are analyzed. Jamaica, over half a century, is faced with the high price of importation; however, the execution of vertical farming aims to reduce import costs. Through assessing the progress of vertical farming in Singapore, a resolution for Jamaica is made; not only satisfying population consumption, but allowing businesses to profit from the introduced farming technique. The plan is to achieve success in more areas than one with vertical farming. However, if implemented and the venture fails, there will be no returns on the capital invested. In Jamaica, decades ago, subsistence farming provided food for farmers and their families. With rising populations, and lack of access to fertile soil for many, this method had been somewhat inadequate. Transitioning to traditional commercial farming is also not able to sufficiently provide for populated centres. With a rise in the modern technology of vertical farming in Jamaica, food availability concerns will...
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...“Even if we took all the food produced in 2009 and distributed it evenly amongst the global population, the world will still need to produce 974 more calories per person per day by 2050,” (2014 Map of the Meal Gap). Unsustainable food supplies are a big deal here in the United States. Because of unsustainable food supplies, the food gap continually increases everywhere in the U.S. However, if more people in America tried to create a more sustainable food supply, it should help decrease every state's food gap. People everywhere in the United States are not getting fed because of the nation’s food gap. Even though no one said the solution to the problem would be easy, but sustaining food supplies might be the answer. “Figuring out how to feed all these people—while also advancing rural development, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and protecting valuable ecosystems—is one of the greatest challenges of our era,” (Ranganathan, Janet). Closing the gap by sustaining food supplies are going to take everyone to help. Some...
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...For the reasons of the East to West axis spread and Europe having better, easy to farm, plants then the Americas. This argument is very important today because it can help explain how the Europeans conquered the native Americans. If the Native Americans won, the world would be a lot different then it is today. Therefore, geography and environmental luck are the reasons Europe was able to successfully dominate the rest of the...
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...Many psychological processes throughout cultures differ among humans. Causal reasoning is very different between East Asia and America. Americans are more analytic, meaning that they focus more of their attention on something by categorizing it by its attributes, and to assign causality because of the rules it entails. They view social behavior as direct unfolding’s of a persons qualities or character. East Asians on the other hand think about behavior through the interactions between someone’s character and the environment. They have more of a holistic mentality, meaning that they focus most of their attention on the location of the object, and assigning causality by the relationships it encounters between the object and the field. It’s believed by psychologists that all cultures have the same...
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...Summer Internship Project Report Understanding the Business Dynamics of four major Indian IT companies, Comparison of their Strategies and Equity Forecasting of a Company Submitted to Mr VinitBolinjkar, Head, Equity Research, Ventura Securities Ltd Dr. Sangeeta Wats 8 June 2013 Prepared by Vaibhav Jha (Roll No A028) Intern at Ventura Securities Ltd, Mumbai MBA Capital Markets 2012-14 batch Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai Preface The size of Indian IT Industry is $100 billion. The pace with which different IT companies have been growing vary to a great extent. Even in terms of future guidance, one company hovers around 6-10% vis-a-vis another at 17%. Volatility has seeped into this industry. It is becoming increasingly difficult for the investors to invest in any of the companies, thanks to the sinusoidal growth of some of the bellwether IT companies. An investor needs to do an in depth analysis of the business model being followed by various companies. I need to look into their target geographies, service lines and industries. Scrutinising these parameters along with the valuation of the respective stocks will give a better idea about the future prospect of these companies. In this research, I have taken top four Indian IT companies- TCS, Infosys, Wipro and HCL. An in-depth analysis of each of the companies is done. I have looked into various domains of the companies. IT industry has many service lines- IT Services, Consulting, Products...
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...development, contingency planning and implementation. 5.1 Integration Strategies In the competitive world of business, companies generally do whatever it takes to secure their stature in the marketplace. One of the most effective means to this end involves what is referred to as vertical integration, which takes on two forms: forward and backward integration. Forward integration focuses on the manner in which a company oversees its product distribution. On the other hand, the backward form concentrates on how a company regulates its goods or supplies. 5.1.1 Forward integration Forward integration is a type of vertical integration which a supplier acquires a manufacturer or a manufacturer acquires a distributor. Businesses engage in forward integration either to generate a higher margin from a key input which it owns or produces or to better market its products and increase its profitability. Dr. Gerhard Bester, an Agricultural Research and Development Director, our aim is to ensure PepsiCo has continued access to the key agricultural raw materials necessary to supply growing consumer needs, while respecting the environment and communities involved in producing those raw materials. We strive to make farming more productive while...
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...The new technology that is breaking through the agriculture and farming industry right now is in-vitro meat products. This new break through technology could bring the end of your tradition cattle or any type of meat raised mammal farm. in-vitro Meat is the new upcoming trend that will be hitting the science labs rather than the fields across America. This artificial meat will revolutionize the food industry; the future flesh will be scientifically created and can produce a variety of meats. This biological creation will be a mere cloning process mass-producing food at a more efficient and environmentally friendly way. Although people at first are generally against artificially made food, the prices will be too hard to pass up with the increase in population making the meat industry sky rocket causing the price of your everyday meats to do the same. This new technology will change the way America goes about getting their daily value of protein. The advantage of in-vitro meat significantly out weights its disadvantages. One of the main one that catches the eye of researcher is the amount of land we will have saved. Hank Hyena of H+ Magazine describes how in-vitro meat will change the structure of America for the good. As in-vitro meat becomes more scientifically sound it will be sustainably cheaper then the slow-grown red meat and poultry marketplace. The prices of real meat and poultry are expected to reach two trillion dollars by the year 2050. Scientist working on meat assured...
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...step gain the good reputation. In the United State, 95% percent of wine is produced from California. The diversity of weather helps California to grow every grapes variety in the world. Among the leader of US wine industry, Gallo family is the biggest family own winery with the history root from the early time of wine marker in California It has been 75 years back of the day that the brother Julia and Ernest Gallo founded the company in Modesto, California. Gallo Company has become the largest family own winery in America and also the largest exporter of California wines. One of the important ranches, Frei Ranch originally owned by Charles Dunz and Andrew Frei in the 1880s. Located on the Dry Creek Valley, 18 miles from the ocean, this location has a warmer Pacific climate. Cabernet Sauvignon with thick skin grape, love sunlight and adequate level of fog, is the best grape to grow in this Ranch. However, with the strong existence of microclimate, they experiment farming Pinot Noir. They usually buy grape from other grower in order to add the complexity to the wine. Gallo family is well known for their lead and collaboration with the Wine Institute and the California Association of Wine grape Growers to develop and implement the Code of Sustainable Wine Growing Practices. “The Code promotes sustainable practices that are environmentally sound, economically feasible and socially equitable. It covers virtually every aspect of the wine business including viticulture and grape growing...
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...The Andes form the backbone of Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and Chile. It is the longest unbroken mountain chain in the world, soaring higher than any range except the Himalayas in South Asia. Some of the Andes’ snowcapped peaks tower more than 20,000 feet (6,000 m) above sea level. The Andes have shaped not only the physical geography of the Andean nations, but also the economies and lifestyles of the people who make their homes in this region. The Andes stretch some 5,500 miles (8,850 km) all the way from the Caribbean Sea to the southernmost tip of South America. At places in Peru and Bolivia the mountain range is nearly 500 miles (800 km) wide. Its rocky walls divide the Andean nations into three distinct environments: coastal plain, highlands, and forest. Coastal Plain Between the mountains and the sea, a narrow plain stretches along the entire Pacific coast from Colombia to the southern end of Chile. At some points it is no more than a sandy beach at the foot of the mountains; in other places it reaches inland for 100 miles (160 km). The Atacama Desert, the driest and one of the most lifeless places on earth, occupies the coastal plain in northern Chile. Because ocean winds lose their moisture blowing across the cold waters of the Peru Current, only dry air ever reaches the land, creating a desolate wasteland. The Atacama is so dry that archaeologists have found perfectly preserved relics from ancient times. These include colored textiles woven hundreds of years ago...
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...CHAPTER 17: The Busy Hive: Industrial America at Work, 1877-1911 I BUSINESS GETS BIGGER A) The Rise of the Corporation 1. Vertical Integration i Pioneered by Gustavus Swift ii Business model: one company controls all aspects of production iii Predatory pricing 2. Standard Oil and the Rise of the Trusts iv King of petroleum: John D. Rockefeller of Standard Oil v Cleveland Ohio became great refining center vi Budding tycoons all used vertical integration B) A National Consumer Culture 3. Corporation’s Innovations vii Bell Telephone & Westinghouse setting up research laboratories viii Steel Makers invest in chemistry and material science, making products cheaper 4. Thomas Edison ix Operated independent laboratory rather than working for corporation x Shrewd entrepreneur who focused on commercial success xi Introduced the incandescent light bulb, phonograph, and moving pictures 5. Department Stores xii Pioneered by John Wanamaker xiii Soon became urban fixture, displacing many small retail shops 6. Country Fairs xiv Allowed farming families to examine latest innovations 7. Mail-Order Enterprises xv Montgomery Ward and Sears xvi Annual catalogs C) The Corporate Workplace ...
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...The Gamer Group | Martial Traditions and Culture | How war defines a people. | By way of Introduction People and their culture can very accurately be identified by how they wage war. Every culture that has survived the pages of history has had some sort of military tradition—and no two cultures fight their wars in the same way. In this paper, we hope to explore some well known countries and how their martial traditions describe their culture. Great Britain The first country that comes to mind when we think of sophistication is Britain, with their rules of engagement and their ways of acting as if to say “I’m better than you.” They resemble snobbish aristocrats with their pinkies in the air when they drink tea, or only marry other people of substantial worth. But their actions of sophistication extend beyond their everyday day lives and proceed into their ways of battle and fighting wars. When a man is offended by another man, or feels threatened, it was customary to approach that man, and openly challenge him to a duel that would most often lead to the other man’s death. These duels were scheduled, place and time where established, and honor was defended, rather than simply striking the man down where he stood. Soldiers during war would stand in open fields opposite their opponent and the two would take turns firing on one another rather than the obvious tactics of hiding from the enemy and at least seeking shelter. But this was the sophisticated way of doing things...
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...One of the most powerful volcano was Mount Tambora. It is one of the largest eruptions that went down in history. This eruption happen on April 10, 1815, this eruption was so powerful that it killed around 100,000 people. Mount Tambora eruption was a 100 times more powerful than Vesuvius. “Mount Tambora is a stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano.” (Smarter, 2016). In addition to a stratovolcano conical form, other familiar characteristic include the volcano’s vertical profile, thick lava that gets hard quickly and a composition that has layers of lava, ash, and fragments that come up with an eruption. Mount Tambora is on the island of Sumbawa, Indonesia. During the 1815 eruption, the top one-third of the mountain was erased by the blast. The after math of the eruption were felt all over the world as tsunamis came after the initial explosion, and weather conditions were changed for more than a year, causing farming calamity and even starvation (Smarter, 2016). Mount Tambora, eruption in 1815 is consider the biggest known...
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...The Great Plains— To the Point Geography- West of the MS River *1800 Territory in the plains included North Dakota & South Dakota, Nebraska, and states such as Texas * Great Plains had very hot summers and very cold winters, very rainfall which droughts few sources of water very few trees - conditions not fit for farming *Before the late 1800s U.S. settlers did not settle the plains. Farming The Plains *Farming the plains was difficult * Gov’t encourage settlement by passing the Homestead Act -$160 acres -$10 registration fee - live on farm land for 5 yrs *Houses was made of sod because of lack of trees Farming Technologies - Cast Iron wingmill- allowed them to pump waterfrom wells. - Steel plow- to wooden plow would break in dry hard earth of the plains Cattle Industry Mechanical binder- tied and cut the grains or crops simultaneously - barbed wire- replaced wooden fences Rise of cattle industry -abundance of cattle in Great Plain -herd of cattle numbering about 2,500 were taken on long drive (cattle trails such as the chilsoln trail which was San Antonio, Texas to Abliene, Kansas) to Ship stations in Kansas and Missouri -African American Cowhand- Nat Love Decline Of cattle industry -overgrazing -overproduction costs the product to drop -weather (droughts, blizzards) -barbed wire led to development of cattle ranches ...
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...LNUMSU | Uruguay | Research Paper | Section 3 | Joyce----Chen Xinran; M00079641 Jodie----Zhou Yingzhe;M00079727 | 2012/12/31 | | Uruguay Uruguay is located in the Southern South America, and lies at the east bank of Uruguay River and the Rio de la Plata---- at the border of the South Atlantic Ocean, and it is located between Argentina and Brazil (CIA: Uruguay: Geography). Uruguay is a country living on exporting farming and herding services and the economy of it is mainly based on agro-exporters and miners. Uruguay’s economic situation shows diverse and multi-level trends, including hydropower development, which is greatly improved and largely spread. Meanwhile, most visitors flock to beach resorts of the Atlantic Ocean such as Punta Del Este. Education is compulsory and free in Uruguay, even so, there are still many Uruguayan who choose to immigrate to Spain, in order to seek for better job opportunities (travelnationalgeographic: Uruguay Facts). In the early twentieth century, because there are a large number of agricultural products exporting to Europe and other country, it makes Uruguay became one of the rich countries in South America Currently, although the Uruguay economy which has experienced a serious of recessions can’t be compared to the past, Uruguay’s economy began to revive as Brazil and Argentina since 2004 (countrystudies: Uruguay). This research paper is divided into four parts. In the first place we give an explanation about political...
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...Fish farming Fish farming or pisciculture is the principal form of aquaculture, while other methods may fall under mariculture. Fish farming involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food. A facility that releases juvenile fish into the wild for recreational fishing or to supplement a species' natural numbers is generally referred to as a fish hatchery. Worldwide, the most important fish species used in fish farming are carp, salmon, tilapia and catfish.[1][2] There is an increasing demand for fish and fish protein, which has resulted in widespread overfishing in wild fisheries, China holding 62 percent of the world's fish farming practice.[3] Fish farming offers fish marketers another source. However, farming carnivorous fish, such as salmon, does not always reduce pressure on wild fisheries, since carnivorous farmed fish are usually fed fishmeal and fish oil extracted from wild forage fish. The global returns for fish farming recorded by the FAO in 2008 totalled 33.8 million tonnes worth about $US 60 billion.[4] In 2005, aquaculture represented 40% of the 157.5 million tons of seafood that was produced, meaning that it has become a critical part of our world's food source even though the industry is still technically in its 'infancy' and didn't really become well known until the 1970s. Because of this rise in aquaculture, there has been a rise in the per capita availability of seafood globally within the last few decades.[5] Major categories of...
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