...Running head: VICTIMS AND CRIME EVALUATION Victims and Crime Evaluation Paper Victims and Crime Evaluation Paper Experiencing the traumatic events of being victimized is something no one ever wants to experience. A victim is an individual, no matter what title they may hold be it doctor, police officer, parent or child, who has underwent a crime or wrong doing for a specific purpose in which the criminal acts upon. More often than none, victims can be close relatives if designated by the courts in the event the victim is either deceased or debilitated (University of Phoenix, 2011). There was a time way back in the AD 400 era, which was known as the “Golden Age of the victim” when the legal and law enforcement system was not even heard of. Families would take matters into their own hands by retaliating against anyone who victimized a family member or friend. Once they found the perpetrator who committed the act, the family would punish them in a way that society accepted doing that time period. This was the way victimization would be handled from AD 400 up until 1960s, a period that is better known in history as being the “Kings Peace” any wrong that was done against another individual was looked at as a crime against society. This caused society to forget about individual rights and only think about the society and states well being, luckily things would change with law enforcement agencies and a judicial system being developed. The development of these key acquisitions...
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...Victims and Crime Evaluation Paper Victims and Crime Evaluation Paper This paper will describe roles and functions of individuals in the criminal justice system and how victimization affects each role. The roles that will be discussed are prosecutor, defense attorney, criminal, and the victim. Then discuss the goals of sentencing associated with each role and alternative sanctions. Finally, identify any recommendations that regarding victims’ rights. The criminal justice system protects individuals and their property from harm. It allows governments to collect taxes and provides a peaceful way for individuals and institutions to resolve conflicts. The criminal justice system also punishes offenders and attempts to rehabilitate them. A prosecutor is responsible for representing legal actions in criminal proceedings. The prosecutor works for the state and the local community regarding complaints against criminal defendants. The prosecutor must convince the jury that the evidence being presented is enough to find the defendant guilty of the crimes he or she has committed. Prosecutors are searching to give the guilty a ruthless sentence that they try to find the defendant guilty after the evidence is presented to the courts and are able to drop or reduce charges during the case (Prosecutor, 2012). A defense attorney is an attorney that the defendant can hire to represent them in a criminal preceding or a lawsuit. They represent the defendant in his or her interest. What...
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...Program Planning and Evaluation Paper The PEACE Domestic Violence Agency is an agency that serves the community of Portland. Oregon. This agency is one that thrives to break the cycle of both domestic and sexual abuse amongst men, women, and children. They are a nonprofit agency that depends on funding from two main sources, The Small Grants Program and The Investor Program. This agency depends on funding from outside sources in the form of grants, two to be precise. Now, because they use grants from these sources for financial assistance, they have to use program planning. Program planning is a multi-step process that generally begins with the definition of the problem and development of an evaluation plan. An evaluation plan is basically a part of a grant proposal that gives information to improve a project during development, in which funding is needed. Since this agency requires grants for funding, program evaluation is needed to collect and analyze information to answer questions about projects and policies about their effectiveness and efficiency. Program evaluation is a detailed assessment of the outcome of a program, against established measures or expected results to determine if it achieved its objectives. ("What is program evaluation? definition and meaning," n.d.) Both program planning and program evaluation are needed because they are both steps in the larger process of program development. Within this specific agency, program planning is defining the issue...
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...Victims and Crime Evaluation CJA 354 April 17, 2012 Instructor name Introduction This evaluation paper will discuss the concept of victim, the evaluation will also address and explain the history and significance of victims’ assistance programs and the purpose of their functions as it applies to the criminal justice system. Also addressed will be the evaluation of problem solving courts and restorative justice and their affect on the criminal justice system , society, and victims. The definition of victim is described as any individual against whom an offense has been committed (Schmallager, et al, 2010). The concept of a victim is foreign to civil law, which speaks instead in terms of people who have been injured or wronged. According to Schmallager (2010), the word victim denotes someone who has been harmed through the kind of activity proscribed by the criminal law (Schmallager, et al, 2010). During the AD 400 era, the time known as "Golden Age of the victim" organized law enforcement agencies, judicial systems, and formal legal procedures were nonexistent. Individuals who were victimized by offenders would retaliate against the offender with the assistance of family members and friends. Once the offender was apprehended, the victim would hand out a punishment believed to be suitable for the crime committed and this type of behavior was accepted by a vast majority of society (Schmallager, et al, 2010). ...
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...Hate Crimes in American Society in the Twentieth and Twenty-first Centuries Sample Student Research Paper Project of Sociology Table of Contents I. Thesis Statement…………………………………………….………….....Page 4 II. Introduction and Summary………………………………….………….....Page 4 III. Literature Review………………………………………………………....Page 6 IV. Methods………………………………………………………….......….. Page 16 V. Socio-Historical Analysis………………………………………………. .Page 18 A. 20th Century 1. Lynching 2. Ku Klux Klan 3. Rodney King and the Los Angeles Riots 4. Matthew Shepard B. 21st Century 1. Post 9/11 2. Jena Six VI. Cause and Effect Analysis…………………………………………… ....Page 24 A. Causes 1. Prejudice a. Stereotypes b. Scapegoats c. Presence of Hate in American Culture d. Need for Status and Power 2. Reasons for Crime a. Sending a Message b. Thrill Seeking c. Defensive B. Effects 1. Psychological Trauma 2. Undo Social Progress 3. Community Unrest 4. Threat of Retaliation VII. Descriptive Analysis……………………………………………….........Page 30 A. Description of Victims 1. Bias against a Particular Race 2. Bias against a Particular Religion 3. Bias against a Particular Sexual Orientation 4. Bias against a Particular Ethnicity/National Origin 5. Bias against a Disability B. Description of Offenses and Offenders This must be your new section? VIII. Comparative Analysis…………………………………………………. Page 36 A. United States Justice Department Definition of Hate Crime B. International Justice...
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...AND EVALUATION by John Eck University of Cincinnati Abstract: Advancement of problem-oriented policing has been stymied by over-attention to police organizations and under-attention to police problems. This paper develops a research agenda for understanding police problems by addressing four fundamental questions: What are problems? What causes problems? How can we find effective solutions to problems? And how can we learn from problem solving? For each question a possible direction for theory, research, or evaluation is suggested. The variety of police problems, their non-linear feedback systems, the diversity of responses that can be applied to problems, and the difficulty of learning from problem-solving experiences highlight the complexity of police problems. The paper closes with a list of research questions designed to improve the science and practice of problem analysis and solution. WHAT IS THE PROBLEM WITH POLICE RESEARCH? Problem-oriented policing has become the victim of the disease it was meant to cure, the "means over ends syndrome." Symptoms of this disease include studies examining the internal workings of police organizations implementing problem-oriented policing, confusing problem-oriented policing with community policing, and generally failing to recognize that a new approach to policing requires a different approach to research. Though the number of police agencies applying problem solving has grown rapidly, particularly since 1987, Crime Prevention...
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...Influences with Public Programs Paper AJS/522 2/24/2014 Influences with Public Programs Paper The office of the District Attorney has many programs within their jurisdiction. Today we are going to discuss the Victim of Violent Crimes Program also referred to as Victim Witness Assistance Program. The office of the District Attorney is dedicated to assisting crime victims and forcefully defending individual's civil liberties. Since 1977, VWAP has been giving essential services to victims and witnesses of crimes of viciousness or threat of ferocity in the region (Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office, 2014). This program is mandated to relieve trauma and the continually demoralizing effects of crimes of viciousness on the lives of victims, bystanders and their relations. Representatives for this program work in courthouses and police stations throughout Los Angeles County providing a multitude of services to help victims become survivors. There are many sites within the jurisdiction of our county, victims of crime and their families are referred to offices in their area (Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office, 2014). Crime victims have statutory and constitutional rights. Any individual who undergoes direct or threatened physical, emotional or monetary harm as a direct outcome of a crime is commonly known as a victim. Family or next of kin is also considered a victim. Victims have rights they are to be treated with self-respect, be protected...
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...in the Future Paper and Presentation DUE: 3/24/14 Resource: Victims’ compensation websites in your state and the National Center for Victims of Crime website (http://www.ncvc.org) Resource: Criminology in the 21st Century located on the student website: Criminology Interviews: Director and Chief of Victimization Stats Terrorism: A Study in Public Safety Resource: Films on Demand videos located in this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings: “Sleeper Cell Networks” “Advantages and Disadvantages of Surveillance” “What is Biometrics?” Resource: research the following U.S. Patriot Act The Domestic Security Enhancement Act of 2003 Homeland Security Act of 2002 Write a 2,100- to 2,400-word paper addressing the following: Ninette (525 word min) + 3 slides to accompany the paper: Future directions of crime fighting and its role in social policy implication David (525 word min) + 3 slides to accompany the paper: The potential for specific crime-fighting methodologies, such as using biometrics, implementing cybercrime spyware, or mandating DNA collection programs Jasmine: (525 word min) + 3 slides to accompany the paper: Evolving law enforcement and forensic technologies used to detect criminal activities. Lorena (525 word min) + 3 slides to accompany the paper: Possible civil liberty or ethical violations as they relate to the evolving technologies you included in the paper Everyone: Discuss how the evolution of crime fighting may affect...
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...publications, newspaper articles and videos, is to critically examine the position of the victim in the criminal justice system. The paper looks at the role of political interests in establishing victimfocus policies and the direction towards their placement at the heart of the justice system. This includes the managerialistic values, modernization of the Government and covering-up of punitive measures taken against the offender that all point to the political rhetoric around the centeredness of the victim. Furthermore, the view of traditional justice is accounted for in order to get a grasp of the many underlying factors that can be attributed to the so called rebirth and the consequent concentration on the victim. The paper firstly discusses characteristics of victims, the impact of crime on victims and also their needs for a better understanding of who they are and what can be done to help them. Particular attention is drawn to stereotypes associated with victims and constructions of the ideal victim. Secondly, the adversarial nature of English justice and implications for victims are discussed, as well as some tensions between the interests of the offender and the victim, and the opposed nature of the two. Procedural and service rights especially play an important role in defining whether victims are given appropriate attention. Many new initiatives favour the victim and pledge for its better treatment, but it will be shown that there are conflicts as to what...
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...Influences within Public Programs Paper Introduction There is a growing epidemic of domestic violence for women and their spouses or significant others that have been a debated issue for decades, one out of every ten women are reporting domestic violence incidents, from urban decay communities across the nation yearly. The minimalist versus maximalist theory’s has been the primary discussion for victimization in criminology where one perspective decides to look at more variations for the violence, and the other takes the crimes to the necessary degree to provide of government legislatures (NCVC, 2010). With today’s society modernized through time, Americans understand the existing problems of sexual exploitation and violence that is an ineluctable dilemma in society. The cases of domestic violence increase to more than fifty thousand lives which are from violent episode reports. Many victims are in urban communities that have subsidized housing that endure the abuse of their significant other to avoid being evicted if the landlord is alerted of any disturbances involving the tenant. This is a requirement of the public housing assistance program that women receive with low income called Section 8. These women fear reporting the violence against them because there are not many places to go, so they stay and, endure the domestic violence. For the women who do have the strength and courage to report these crimes they are forced to search for refuge in local homeless...
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...Court Issues Analysis Monique Norman CJA/394 April 15, 2014 Professor Mary Young Court Issues Analysis Courts in the United States have a tremendous task of setting the standard for justice in America. To some, this task may be considered easy but there are those that understand that this job comes with a heavy challenge. Compound the rise in crime, budget issues and language barriers and one can see that the court systems are held together by a loose piece of thread. This paper however will focus on one of the many challenges that the criminal justice system is facing now regarding language interpretation while giving an in through evaluation of victims’ and their rights and the impact it has made in court system. Present and future issues facing courts and court administrators Preparing for the future is a grand challenge to any institution or department. It requires enthusiastic, knowledgeable staff and managers to set goals, expose challenges, and think of innovations. Court administers are responsible for ensuring that strategic occurs, and frequently. “Strategic planning has been defined as “a systematic, interactive process for thinking through and creating an organization’s best possible future. It is an essential element of sound management for any organization. Over the course of about twenty years, strategic planning has become a fundamental component of court management in judicial systems throughout the United States and around the world” (Martin, 1992)...
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...Victims and Crime Evaluation Paper Criminal Law/CJA/354 An alarming amount of innocent people become victims of crime every year, and the victim’s rights are every bit as important as the offender’s rights. There are certain tendencies that appear within patterns of crime and victimization, such as adolescents are most likely to be victimized, men become crime victims more often than women, and African Americans experience more crime than other racial groups (Newmark, 2008). Victims of crime suffer from physical, emotional, psychological, and financial issues. Some of the issues victims of crime face are physical injury, fear for personal safety, medical expenses, counseling expenses, feelings of fear, grief, shame, and anger, and lost income. Victims of crime needing assistance may believe they are overlooked or even revictimized by the criminal justice system, a system that may appear to be more concerned with the criminal’s rights than with the needs and rights of the victim. This paper will address the role the prosecutor, defense attorney, criminal, and victim play within the criminal justice system and how victimization affects each. The Prosecutor The prosecutor plays a critical role in the criminal justice system and serves many functions throughout the criminal justice process. Some of these functions are as follows: * Investigating * Helping the police build a case against the person(s) * Bringing charges against a person(s) * Arranging...
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...Americans, they are often misperceived as a monolithic group. Thus, even though an act of anti-Asian sentiment might be perpetrated with a particular ethnic group in mind (e.g., Indian, Filipino or Korean), a failure to make distinctions between Asian Pacific American ethnic groups causes members of all groups to become potential victims of hate crimes. Hate incidents are expressions of hostility based on race, religion, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation or disability. Hate incidents are not illegal. They may take the form of name-calling or using racial slurs, hate speech, the distribution of racist leaflets or other disrespectful behavior. Hate crimes are defined by federal or state statutes. A hate crime occurs when a person commits an act such as assault, battery, criminal damage to property, criminal trespass to property or mob action because of the victim's real or perceived race, religion, nationality, gender, sexual orientation or disability. Hate crime laws vary from state to state. Hate crimes are another type of abuse, and one which can occur anywhere and anytime. In the United States today, the most commonly publicized hate crimes are those perpetrated on particular ethnic groups (such as persons of Middle Eastern descent, or...
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... Abstract The author of this paper gives an argument of human trafficking. He explores the graphic nature of human trafficking. He describes the people that are affected by it, the people doing it and the people putting an end to this problem. His concern for human trafficking is for everyone to see it as a problem. * One of the most terrible parts in history that relates to human trafficking is slavery. Humans were exploited and brought to different lands like the new world also known as the Americas. Laws were made to end the slave trade. Slavery was stopped long ago and it has been abolished in the United States for a while now. For an understanding of the term human trafficking, an interpretation of the issue would be needed to give an explanation of the adult and child victims, criminals engaging in human trafficking and law enforcement stopping human trafficking. Adult And Child Victims Adults and children are the victims in human trafficking. Men are exploited for cheap labor. They could be put to work hard all day on farms or plantations and not get any insurance or any benefits that governments offer to legal working citizens or immigrants in the countries that they are sold in. Women and Children are at a high risk for being sold for sexual purposes. Women could be forced to be prostitutes or escorts and children could be bought by pedophiles who want to have sex with children. Men, women and children are the victims of human trafficking that is being...
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...Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation 1 Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation December 10, 2012 CJA/394 Troy Hokanson Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation 2 Introduction The criminal justice system is very important to American society. The reason for laws are to defend society from harm, make certain each person is safe as well as to be treated fairly. The criminal justice system labors to defend the guiltless and to discipline the guilty without putting at risk an individual’s rights.This paper will evaluate the future of the criminal justice system as well as the past and present trends in the interface between components of the criminal justice system. Furthermore, it will identify contemporary issues that are affecting the criminal justice system as well as the value of the criminal justice system as society changes. Seeing that society is advancing, the criminal justice system must also change. The need for new laws are apparent in order to continue with advancement and new trends in society. However, new trends and contemporary issues can have an immediate influence on the various operations of the criminal justice system. These include, advancing technology, sentencing, and the death sentence. All of these have huge effects on the criminal justice...
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