...Title: Synaesthesia – a convincing example of a genuine effect in psychology. Synaesthesia is a condition in which stimulation of one modularity leads to unusual activation of different modularity. According to Simner (2007) the most common synaesthesias (ca. 88%) are induced by linguistically related stimuli such as words, graphemes (letters and numerals) and phonemes which trigger visual, gustatory or olfactory experience (e.g. colour, shape, taste, smell). For synaesthetes, in everyday life, reading a newspaper or listening to CD might result in seeing colours or experiencing tastes. For example (Simner, 2007), when ES hears a major sixth tone interval he tastes low-fat cream. Similarly, on hearing F-sharp he sees the colour purple. Such experience is sometimes described as a “merging of senses”. After Galton (1880) carried out his first studies on synaesthesia in the late 19th century not many scientists were investigating the phenomenon treating it instead as a curiosity. Recently, in the light of contemporary cognitive and neuroscience studies the topic of synaesthesia regained interest. Since initially, evidence indicating that synaesthesia is a real and concrete sensory phenomenon was scarce and based mainly on the anecdotal reports, scientists were interested in testing its genuineness. According to Ramachandran and Hubbard (2001) some accounts of the condition stated that it is solely product of imagination or that such experiences are nothing more than childhood...
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...Saurashtra University Re – Accredited Grade ‘B’ by NAAC (CGPA 2.93) Shah, Ajay D., 2009, A study of consumer behavior in Malls vis-à-vis Mom & Pop shops, thesis PhD, Saurashtra University http://etheses.saurashtrauniversity.edu/id/eprint/96 Copyright and moral rights for this thesis are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. Saurashtra University Theses Service http://etheses.saurashtrauniversity.edu repository@sauuni.ernet.in © The Author A STUDY OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR IN MALLS VIS-ÀVIS MOM-&-POP SHOPS A THESIS SUBMITTED TO SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF Ph.D. IN MANAGEMENT SUBMITTED BY AJAY D. SHAH ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, MBA PROGRAM OSHWAL EDUCATION TRUST MANAGED SHRI JAYSUKHLAL VADHAR INSTITTUE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES JAMNAGAR-361 004 UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF Dr. PRATAPSINH L. CHAUHAN DEAN – MANAGEMENT FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT (MBA PROGRAM) SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY RAJKOT - 360 005 SEPTEMBER - 2009 CHAPTER – 1 OVERVIEW OF RETAIL INDUSTRY...
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...The effect of involvement on visual attention and product choice ARTICLE in JOURNAL OF RETAILING AND CONSUMER SERVICES · MAY 2015 DOI: 10.1016/j.jretconser.2015.01.002 CITATIONS READS 3 143 4 AUTHORS, INCLUDING: Bridget K. Behe Patricia Huddleston Michigan State University Michigan State University 133 PUBLICATIONS 578 CITATIONS 46 PUBLICATIONS 748 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Lynnell Sage Michigan State University 8 PUBLICATIONS 7 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. Available from: Bridget K. Behe Retrieved on: 07 February 2016 Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 24 (2015) 10–21 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jretconser The effect of involvement on visual attention and product choice Bridget K. Behe a, Mikyeung Bae b,n, Patricia T. Huddleston b, Lynnell Sage a a Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Advertising and Public Relations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA b art ic l e i nf o a b s t r a c t Article history: Received 28 March 2014 Received in revised form 19 January 2015 Accepted 20 January 2015 Available online 4 February 2015 Our study examined the effect of consumers'...
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...Impact of advertising on consumer buying behavior By S #. | Name | Reg #. | 1 | Muhammad Hasnain Abbas (Leader) | 23618 | 2 | Haris Memon | 19965 | 3 | Kamran Khan | 20911 | 4 | Zahida Lakhan | 22868 | 5 | Kabir Thakur | 24017 | 6 | Mushtaque Shayan | 24026 | A Project Report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Course of Writing Research Reports to Miss Sania Usmani at the Iqra University, Main Campus Karachi, Pakistan. Dec 26, 2014 ACKNOWLEDGMENT This report is dedicated to our family, companions, and educators for their backing and support. Initially, we might want to thank Miss Sania Usmani for being a fabulous research supervisory. It implies a ton to us that she ventures up when we required her most and tackled the obligation of managing us in the privilege bearing. Moreover, she pushed us to consider unheard of options and tested us to look past what is directly before us. Without her we would not have possessed the capacity to finish this exploration. Thus and a lot of people more, we will be perpetually appreciative. ABSTRACT Advertising has made a great deal of chances for advertisers to associate with their customers and additionally advance their items successfully however not all their customers consider it to be of much vitality. People of Pakistan don’t get influenced by advertisement even if the product is advertised on TV by their favorite celebrity or actor. Advertisements are the source...
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...Assignment 1: Sensory Perceptions "Memories establish the past; Senses percieve the present; Imaginations shape to future" said Toba Beta. Tatse, smell, sight, hearing, and touch, some of us can live without some of these senses others cannot. Whether it is some of your senses or all of your senses; have your senses ever mislead you? Have you ever thought about why they mislead you? I can go ahead and tell you one thing, your memory and imagination has a it to do with it. In the book American Gods Niel Gaiman stated "All we have to believe is our senses: the tools we use to percieve the world, our sight, our touch, our memory. If they lie to us, then nothing can be trusted.". Have you ever eaten something that made you sick and everytime you came across that food you would start to get that queasy feeling? I remember the first and last time I had chicken parmesean; after I ate it, I was throing up shortly after, I'm not sure whether it was due to food poisioning or if I didn't like chicken parmesean at all, but everytime I come across the smell of chicken parmesean I start to feel sick. My friend always tries to get me to try his mom's chicken parmesean, but the thought of me getting sick always pops up in my mind. Do you see part memory plays in a situation like this? Our memories influence our perceptions of things, in this situation it is with food. My memories influence on my perception of chicken parmesean could be considered a bad thing because it is hindering from...
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...the tenor recorder. By the middle of the 15th century, composers and singers had evolved the music into different type of genres like ballad, pop or rock. Now a days, instead of using instrument to make songs, there are machines made to product those sounds. While listening to music can be used for entertainment, it can also be used in a different ways like triggering abundant of different type of areas in the brain like the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. Music is also good for increasing sleep quality, improving brain functions, and enhance many different skills like spatial reasoning and or perception skill....
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...When I Grow Up: An Analytical Study of the Interpretations of Children on Pop Culture Elements found in Selected TV Commercials “TV takes our children across the globe before parents give them permission to cross the streets.” - Joshua Meyrowitz BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Advertising is a form of mass communication strategy created to promote the purchase of a certain product, message, or service in the market. It carries the messages that come to you from the people who pay for the media (Biagi, 2001, p. 227). It is also an act of popularizing something through mass media to attract the attention of the consumers, audiences, or mainly the public for higher sales and marketability. Tracing through the history, evidences of advertising is said to have started thousands of years before when people started trading things for survival. Thus, the rise of technology, industrialization, and capitalism triggered the success of advertising in the heightening state of competition worldwide and in every aspect; from commodities, to people and politics. The industrial revolution, according to some historians, is the root of commercial advertising (Campbell, 2002, p. 387). Because of the continuous occurrence of new products in the market and there is a need to sell them off instantly, businessmen tried the concept of large scale advertising to sell more. Over the time, manufacturers realized that if their products were distinctive and became associated with quality, customers...
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...Program in Writing and Rhetoric Autumn 2005 Honorable Mention Matthew Gribble Instructor’s Foreword Movies tell us that in the wake of a murder, detectives would stretch what appear to be pipe cleaners, or a very taut yarn, through the bullet holes left in walls, in lamps, in the hollow doors of haunted rooms. The yarn was there to demonstrate the location of the shooter – or indeed, shooters – relative to the victim. But the fact is that other forces might have conspired in the murder. (Poison may have been used; bullets may have been fired only as an afterthought; perhaps they were fired by the victim himself, before he died . . .) Yarn can tell us the story only in certain circumstances. As a researcher and a writer, Matthew Gribble analyzes his crime scene with diligence and care. The crisis: The shortage of nurses in America. The question: How and why did this shortage become a persistent problem? Matthew affixes strings of yarn to a number of gunshots: the increasing average age of the workforce, long hours, work that is often menial or clerical, and finally, relatively low salaries. But these strands lead to new questions, wider causes which have nothing to do with social yarn. These new questions have to do with rhetoric and the enduring association of nursing with “women’s work” and “femininity.” Matthew has the audacity to ask how the rhetoric of femininity actually functions. How and why are we compelled to accept images and tropes as ‘normal’ or ‘natural’ when...
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...Limitations Mental imagery is described as experience occurs without the presence of specific stimuli for the appropriate perception. Many professionals in sports training to achieve better performances have applied mental imagery as a technique. This idea has been there in sports for many years, however, it is recently being incorporated into sports training. As a psychological process intended to improve performance of athletes, it has presented positive results while other athletes have reported negative results from the visualization process. This paper aims to unearth whether indeed imagery is research founded or just a matter of popular psychology. Many researches that have been carried out by various experts explicitly indicate that the visualization concept is beneficial to sports. Mental imagery as a visualization technique has successfully aided to improve the performance of athletes. Studies conducted on imagery during the twentieth century have had inconsistent results due factors such as unavailability of reliable controls and subjects. However, recent studies on mental imagery have had sufficient evidence to suggest that it can improve performance of various sports. Finke carried out a meta-analytic research of sixty studies aimed at examining effect of mental practice on control conditions. The results from average effect sizes indicated that the practice of imagery influence performance more than without practice while less effective compared to actual...
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...SAS Global Forum 2007 Planning, Development and Support Paper 129-2007 Project Organization Proposal (POP) and Project Leadership Plan Guide Rex Pruitt, PREMIER Bankcard, Inc., Sioux Falls, SD 57104 ABSTRACT In my 20+ years of experience using SAS and organizing projects, the success or failure of any project, no matter how small or large, generally resulted from how well a project was planned, organized and executed. This paper presents an easy to use Project Organization Proposal (POP) that can be implemented without adding additional resources to the MIS or IT divisions. It simply suggests the effective use of existing resources. However, as would be expected, the POP will only succeed if it receives support from 1) business MIS Management, 2) IT Management, 3) and their respective staff. The collaboration of all resources associated with a project is critical to its success. Clearly defining roles and accountabilities must be established prior to project initiation. Also included in this paper is a Project Leadership Plan guide. This guide will serve as a critical planning document, or checklist, that can be used to ensure that any project meets with success. If this guide cannot be completed, the project should not be initiated. 1 SAS Global Forum 2007 Planning, Development and Support INTRODUCTION In my 20+ years of experience using SAS and organizing projects, the success or failure of any project, no matter how small or large, generally...
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...their lyrics, vocals and instrumentals were like nothing the world had heard. Sure, there were risk takers like Elvis that daringly shook his hips and made young girls swoon, but even his abrupt promiscuity didn't have the same effect as the phenomenon of Beatlemania. The Beatles were more than their music. They influenced the lives of millions of people unlike any musicians before them. They were the first and most popular band in one of the most important music movements in American history, the British Invasion. The year 1964 was the year both the British Invasion and “Beatlemania” came to America and forever changed the landscape of music in the United States by introducing the genre of pop, as it is today. The Beatles changed the rules of music. Many things that are considered normal now were pioneered by the Beatles such as: creating compilation albums, expressing their views on world happenings through the media, musicians in movies, and even mass media advertising. The Beatles influenced American culture more than any other musical artist in history (Jacobs, 2004). Prior to the Beatles’ arrival to the United States in 1964, American society was in a valley of negativity. Tragic and unbelievable events were happening almost in a domino-like effect. It was shortly after noon on November 22nd, 1963 that the tragic assassination of President John F. Kennedy would stun the world. Not long after, President Lyndon B. Johnson was increasing U.S. involvement in Vietnam, forcing...
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...Report: The stopping Power of Advertising Measures and Effects of a Visual Complexity Rik Pieters, Michel Wedel, Rajeev Batra (2010) Index 1. Introduction 2 2. Starting Point 3 3. Feature Complexity 3 4. Design Complexity 4 5. Brand Identification Difficulty 5 6. Hypotheses 5 7. Data and Analysis 6 8. Results 7 8.1. Effects on Attention to Advertising 7 8.2. Effect on Ad Comprehensibility and Attitude Toward the Ad 7 9. Main Conclusions 8 10. Bibliography 9 Introduction As the world is getting more competitive over the years, companies are using advertising as part of a marketing program to boost sales of products or services. Most companies use advertising to raise users’ and potential customers’ awareness about the benefits and features of their products. This new strategy will make available a set of choices for the consumer. Therefore, the question which arises would be: With everyone advertising, how could an ad stand from others? This growing belief of advertising effects will leave to a saturation of the market.. Is complexity good for advertisement? What is complexity and how can we measure its effects? The answers to all these questions have been addressed in this report we present below, taken from the mentioned article. Starting Point The initial motto for this article starts with the following sentence: “Where the eye stops, the sale begins”. The point is, it is known...
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...Pepsi Marketing Volume 1 About Current Volume Archives Submission Editorial Board e-Vision Spring 2013 Cultural Imperialism and Globalization in Pepsi Marketing by Justin Grandinetti The increased speed and flow of information brought about by technology has influenced a massive global culture shift. Two consequences of this increased information exchange are cultural imperialism and globalization. Cultural imperialism is a heavily debated concept that “refers to how an ideology, a politics, or a way of life is exported into other territories through the export of cultural products” (Struken and Cartwright 397). The related concept of globalization “describes the progression of forces that have accelerated the interdependence of peoples to the point at which we can speak of a true world community” (Struken and Cartwright 405). A driving force of both cultural imperialism and globalization are major corporations, many of which are based in the United States. Brands like Pepsi are now known worldwide and not simply confined to one particular country or the western sphere. These global brands can be viewed “as homogenizing forces, selling the same tastes and styles throughout diverse cultures” (Stuken and Cartwright 402). Conversely, viewers in other countries are free to “appropriate what they see to make new meanings, meanings that may be not just different from but even oppositional to the ideologies” of these global advertising campaigns. By analyzing three recent aspects...
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...aforementioned quote is a proverb that one can reflect on as one of the greatest accomplishments one should possess. In order to stand out in a world full of conformity, one must exude characteristics of being exceptional, unique, and different, all synonyms that essentially have a base meaning of individuality. In American modern society, accomplishments such as obtaining an undergraduate degree were once scarce, now this accomplishment is considered by most to be standard. With each passing year, to get an entry level position in today’s job market is more competitive than ever due to this increase in the amount of people with undergraduate degrees. A Bachelor of Science or Arts degree now has the same value of a High School Diploma, and having a Masters degree is now considered as the standard to attain a decent position. How can one be successful in showcasing themselves and drawing attention away from the rest? A great way for an individual to learn how to be noticed is to look at oneself from a marketing standpoint. One should ask oneself, “If I were a product, how would I market myself to the masses?” For a product to be successful, it has to be cunning, fresh, and exciting. The product has to be able to be easily sold to consumers and remain in high demand for long periods of time. Therefore, learning how to market oneself is essential to standing out in a room full a people. There is an ole saying “People don’t actually buy the products, they buy you.” That saying holds true...
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...with our experienced? - There is a close relationship with brain activity and psychological events - “Do we feel first, or do we think first?” Nature-Nurture Issue - “How do differences in behavior relate to differences in heredity and environment?” Milgram and the shock experiment test Psychiatry - different from psychology in the way that a psychiatrist can prescribe medication and psychologists can not. - branch of the medical field that focuses on the brain and mental disorders **Get to know both of the “What Psychologists Do” handouts from class Quick History of Psychology Early era psychology: - Aristotle Modern day psychology: - Freud Psychology started in 19th century - Main focus was on sensation and perception Wilhelm Wundt - Created the first psychological lab - “What are the components of experience or mind?” - Tested conscience experience Edward Titchener - Thought that the most important psychological question was about the nature of experience...
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