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Vulnerable Populations and Self-Awareness

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Homelessness is defined as a lack of a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence and is associated with poor health and subsequent morbidity (Gordon, Haas, Luther, Hilton, & Goldstein, 2010). Veterans make up about 11% of the adult population; they make up 26% of the homeless population (Weidman, Executive Director, & Vietnam Veterans of America, n.d). An estimated 47% of homeless veterans served during the Vietnam era, more than 67% served the nation for at least three years, and 33% were stationed in a war zone (Boone, Executive Director, & National Coalition for Homeless Veterans, n.d).
Biases and Stereotypes Individuals label the homeless with stereotypes and personal biases due to lack of knowledge. These same stereotypes label the men and women who have served our country in WWII, Korea, the Cold War, Vietnam, Grenada, Panama, Lebanon, Afghanistan, and Iraq. Some individuals believe that all homeless are lazy and do not want to work; they would rather sit alongside a road and beg for money, so they can buy their alcohol or drugs. Homeless are thought of as individuals who have made poor choices in their lives. Many veterans who suffer from post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are thought of as crazy and not able to function in society any more. Individuals may think that veterans have it made with benefits provided for themselves and their families including better health care than most of the working population in America.
Demographics
Numerous reasons can contribute to homelessness; Experiencing low or no income, poor living conditions, crowded substandard housing, lack of access to health care and mental disorders such as PTSD. Veterans Affairs (VA) estimates that more than 275,000 veterans are homeless; more than 500,000 experience homelessness over the course of a year (Boone, Executive Director, & National Coalition for Homeless Veterans, n.d).
More than 23% of all homeless persons in the United States are veterans; 250,000 veterans are homeless on any night and more than 27% of veterans admitted to inpatient VHA facilities have been homeless. A survey of 9,108 veterans showed that 35% had experienced some homelessness (Gordon, Haas, Luther, Hilton, & Goldstein, 2010).
One of every three homeless adult males sleeping in locations not fit for human habitation in communities (urban, suburban, and rural) have served our nation in the Armed Forces. Homeless veterans are mostly male (two percent are female) and 54% are people of color. The majority of homeless are single. An estimated 45% of the homeless veterans have a mental illness, and 50% have an addiction (Boone, Executive Director, & National Coalition for Homeless Veterans, n.d).
March 21, 2006 VA homeless population demographics listed 52% of veterans had serious psychiatric problems defined as psychosis, mood disorder, or PTSD; 38% were dually diagnosed with a serious psychiatric and substance abuse problem; 57% suffered from a serious medical problem. An estimated 68% of homeless veterans were dependent on alcohol, drugs, or both. In 2008 the VA announced a 21% decrease in the homeless veteran population from more than 195,000 to about 154,000 (Filner & Chairman, n.d). Healthcare Most Americans do not realize how the government has let our veterans down after returning home. Americans believe that better support (medical, financial, and psychological) for our veterans is a must. The veterans have taken a stand to defend our country and should not have worries, such as homelessness, when they return. The largest health care system in the United States is the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). The VHA provides access to health care for eligible US military veterans, including the homeless (Gordon, Haas, Luther, Hilton, & Goldstein, 2010). President Obamas commitment to our veterans include “providing veterans with whatever level of health care they need, financial assistance to further their education, getting homeless veterans off the streets and cutting the red tape that can delay, by months, approvals veterans need to receive their benefits” (Bowman, 2010). Help from the government is provided to all veterans, the trick is finding it. Some veterans are brought together every 30 days for the first three months after coming home. Veterans seek counseling regarding VA health care benefits, medical conditions, and making out applications for health care (Bowman, 2010).
Personal Attitudes
After researching all the statistics regarding our homeless veterans, it opened my eyes. I thought that veterans had it made with their financial assistance with medical, schooling, and numerous discounts available to them and their families. It broke my heart to read the statistics on how many homeless veterans there are in the United States. The government brings them home and that is the end of the story. Many men and women served our country with their lives at stake and when they get home are in need of attention and are forgotten. Veterans become homeless for a number of reasons including PTSD, lack of job skills and education, substance abuse, and mental health illnesses. Utilizing the “continuum of care” concept, assistance in obtaining economic stability for a successful self-sufficient transition back into the community is vital (Weidman, Executive Director, & Vietnam Veterans of America, n.d).

Conclusion
According to the FDCH Congressional Testimony one and a half million veterans have incomes that fall below the federal poverty level (n.d). As a professional it is our duty to stand up for the less fortunate and become mighty advocates. Veterans fight and protect our glorious country and they deserve the same, protection, when they return home. As professionals we should obtain knowledge regarding common issues of the homeless veteran, resources and organizations to help the homeless, common reasons individuals may struggle with homelessness, stereotypes, and obtain an individuals own definition of health. Interventions to increase access to care and target specific health conditions of the homeless are a priority. Government agencies need to be held accountable and Americans need to continue to demand that veterans receive proper medical, financial, and supportive services upon returning home and thereafter. References
Americanranger.blogspot.com. (2010). Homeless veteran sitting in a wheelchair. Retrieved from http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_u3xyvkc82K4/TE8XH rnjfYI/AAAAAAAABuo/aUGgvW6OWiI/s1600/homelessveteran.jpg&imgrefurl=http://americanranger.blogspot.com/2010/07/help-for-homeless-veterans.html&h=419&w=288&sz=13&tbnid=94c5JKBh-M2XDM:&tbnh=271&tbnw=186&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpicture%2Bof%2Ba%2Bhomeless%2Bveteran&zoom=1&q=picture+of+a+homeless+veteran&hl=en&usg=__93vt1NcpWdLG6CnmaYU14ODKhsE=&sa=X&ei=xT_XTMKBMon_nQfjtb3HCQ&ved=0CCEQ9QEwAQ Boone, L., Executive Director, & National Coalition For Homeless Veterans. (n.d). Homeless
Veterans. FDCH Congressional Testimony. Retrieved November 6, 2010 from MasterFile Premier database.
Bowman, B. (2010). Are promises to veterans being kept? APP.com From The Jersey Shore To
You. Retrieved from http://www.app.com/article/20101107/NEWS03/11070333/Are-promises-to-veterans-being-kept-
Filner, B., & Chairman. (n.d). Homeless veterans. FDCH Congressional Testimony. Retrieved
November 6, 2010 from MasterFile Premier database.
Gordon, A., Haas, G., Luther, J., Hilton, M., & Goldstein, G. (2010). Personal, medical, and healthcare utilization among homeless veterans served by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan veteran facilities. Psychological Services, 7(2), 65-74. doi: 10.1037/a0018479.
Weidman, R., Executive Director., & Vietnam Veterans of America. (n.d). Homeless veterans.
FDCH Congressional Testimony. Retrieved November 6, 2010 from MasterFile Premier database.

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