...Wikipedia the definition of water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and ground water). Water pollution occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds. # During the 18th and 19th centuries it was believed that water could dilute any substance and people would use the rivers and lakes as dumping ground for waste. Without thinking about contamination and their downstream neighbors animal carcasses, industrial effluent and raw sewage were often dumped into waterways. The main ways that pollutants enter the Great Lakes region are point source pollution, non point source pollution and atmospheric pollution. Point source pollution is when pollutants enter through a specific point such as a drainage pipe. This can be traced back to a specific owner and point. Non point source pollution such as sediment from construction sites and eroding shorelines; fertilizer and pesticides from homeowners and farms; human and animal waste; and oil, grease and salt from highways are harder to trace to a specific owner or entry point. This is usually when rain or snowmelt move over the land which picks up pollutants and dumps them into water bodies. Atmospheric pollution is when the pollution falls form the sky and is another form of non point pollution. Waste incinerators and coal burning energy plants are a major cause of atmospheric pollution. Waste from hospitals...
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...and Effects of Water Pollution in Lake Huron The Great Lakes, Lake Erie, Michigan, Huron, Superior, and Ontario, are our largest freshwater system. Lake Huron, like the other Great Lakes contain many species of wildlife, and is in danger of being polluted. This pollution is harmful to fish, wildlife stocks, and to the humans of this region. At the University of Mississippi, Latham, A., Wright, E., & Tsang, A. [n.d.] produced a study that focused specifically on Pollution's Effects on the Great Lakes Ecosystem. Determining the causes and effects of water pollution in Lake Huron may facilitate new ideas and solutions for cleaning up our waterways’ and improving public health. Although there are many causes of Lake Huron’s pollution, most fall under three categories: 1) Point-source pollution; 2) Nonpoint-source pollution; and 3) Air pollution. Point-source pollution refers to mercury, fecal matter, and sewage, from treatment plants or industrial facilities, being dumped into the Lake. Nonpoint-source pollution refers to runoff of polluted water from crops or lawns which contain contaminants. These contaminants may be oil, sand, salt from roadways, agricultural chemicals, and nutrients and toxic materials from urban or rural areas (The Lake Huron Centre for Coastal Conservation, 1998-2012). Additionally, air pollution is also a major concern. According to the Lake Huron Centre for Coastal Conservation, “…the air quality of the Ontario Lake Huron Shoreline is...
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...Thesis Statement Lake Huron is the third largest of the Great Lakes by volume containing 850 cubic miles of water and it measures 206 miles from east to west and 183 miles north to south. In addition, Lake Huron has 3,827 miles of coastline (Human Health and the Great Lakes n.d.). Lake Huron, much like most lakes, contains a large variety of fish and wildlife and there is always the chance of pollution occurring in lakes due to illegal dumping and waste disposal, discharge of pollutants from vessels on the lake, human waste sewage, and faulty infrastructure which can accidently cause pollution. However pollution may occur, it is harmful to not only the ecology and the fish and wildlife in the area but also to humans who reside near the lake. According to a University of Michigan (U of M) report, Pollution’s Effects on the Great Lakes Ecosystems, over 20% of the world’s fresh water supply is in the Great Lakes region (U of M, n.d.) and with the world water reserves diminishing, it is essential to protect the integrity of the water to the maximum extent possible. Major Causes of Pollution in Lake Huron While there are many factors which contribute to the pollution of Lake Huron, the main source sources of pollution which cause the most damage is direct dumping of hazardous and toxic materials in the lake such as industrial waste, discharges from ships on the lake and also raw human sewage which is dumped in the lake. According to the Lake Huron Center for Coastal Conservation...
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...Effects – Draft Version English 115 Known as the Laurentian Great Lakes for its connection to the St. Lawrence River, the lakes combined make up nearly 20 percent of the world's fresh water (Latham, Wright, & Tsang, n.d.) Lakes Erie, Huron, Michigan, Ontario, and Superior are 5 lakes that provide food, jobs, and recreation to the surrounding regions reaching into two countries. The New York Times (2010) also estimate more than 30 million people are the recipient of potable water from the lakes. With over 3.2 million harvestable fish worth an estimated 4.8 million dollars, Lake Huron is important to the fishing industry. According to McCrimmon (2002), Lake Huron alone has over 117 species of fish. Lake Huron, as well as the other great lakes, is also polluted. For this essay, pollution is the injection of biological or non-biological elements into Lake Huron which are detrimental to the health of the lake and its inhabitants. Sewage, along with additional factors and with far reaching effects, is the primary cause of the decline of the various benefits the lake provides; it is harmful and potentially fatal to people, jobs, the economy, and of course, the aquatic life and wildlife of the Lake Huron area. There are quite a few types of pollution which are damaging Lake Huron. Industrial sewage and waste may be, arguably, the most damaging cause of pollution. Additional causes of Lake Huron's pollution also come from biological sources such as, ironically, other aquatic...
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...Determining Causes and Effects Known as the Laurentian Great Lakes for its connection to the St. Lawrence River, the lakes combined make up nearly 20 percent of the world's fresh water (Latham, Wright, & Tsang, n.d.) Lakes Erie, Huron, Michigan, Ontario, and Superior are 5 lakes that provide food, jobs, and recreation to the surrounding regions reaching into two countries. The New York Times (2010) also estimate more than 30 million people are the recipient of potable water from the lakes. With over 3.2 million harvestable fish worth an estimated 4.8 million dollars, Lake Huron is important to the fishing industry. According to McCrimmon (2002), Lake Huron alone has over 117 species of fish. Lake Huron, as well as the other great lakes, is also polluted. For this essay, pollution is the injection of biological or non-biological elements into Lake Huron which are detrimental to the health of the lake and its inhabitants. Sewage, along with additional factors and with far reaching effects, is the primary cause of the decline of the various benefits the lake provides; it is harmful and potentially fatal to people, jobs, the economy, and of course, the aquatic life and wildlife of the Lake Huron area. There are quite a few types of pollution which are damaging Lake Huron. Industrial sewage and waste may be, arguably, the most damaging cause of pollution. Additional causes of Lake Huron's pollution also come from biological sources such as, ironically, other aquatic life...
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...Cause and Effects of Water Pollution in Lake Huron Litiecha A. Lee English Composition/115 Saturday, November 17, 12 Jeanette Trammell Cause and Effect of Water Pollution in Lake Huron The North American great lakes including Lake Erie, Michigan, Huron, Superior, and Ontario, are the largest fresh water supply and home to many of the world’s wildlife. Lake Huron is the third largest of the lakes by volume of water. It average depth is 59 meters and it has a maximum depth of 750 feet. The following paragraphs will outline a major cause of pollution in found in Lake Huron, a secondary cause, two contributing causes, its effect on humans, and the effect pollution found in Lake Huron has on the economy. The pollution in Lake Huron has a negative effect on the vegetation, wildlife and humans. Sources of pollution in the lake are diverse, over the years pollutant sources were separated into two categories, point source and non-point source. The point source of pollution in Lake Huron was due to an earlier belief that water can melt and neutralize waste and chemicals. Because of this belief, in the early nineteenth century and part of the early twentieth century sewage was released directly into the lake waters during a storm to avoid sewage overload. According to Shear, H. (2006), “Both sewage and other organic wastes cause the water quality to decline and bacteria growth to increase.” Today the process has changed or is in the process of changing, by...
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...Water Pollution is a very big deal in The Great Lakes. Lake Huron is the third biggest lake of the The Great Lakes and it is being polluted everyday. The people around Lake Huron are also being affected by the pollution. The three main causes of the pollution is nonpoint source pollution, point source pollution and Air Pollution. Non-point Source pollution is pollution that does not come from specific locations. The water quality has become a major issue along the southern shores of Lake Huron in recent years. The major types of pollutant carried by run-offs are pathogens, nutrients and toxic contaminants. Pathogens are bacterias that come from the fiscal waste of animals and humans. It also comes from leaky sewer lines and boat sanitary disposal systems. Nutrients are compounds that stimulate plant growth, like nitrogen and phosphorus. In high concentrations, it can become a threat to the environment and to humans health. Nutrients in polluted waters can also come from agricultural fertilizers, septic systems, home lawn care and yard and animal wastes. The toxic contaminants are created by a variety of human practices and products like heavy metals, pesticides, and organic compounds like PCB’s. PCBs are Polychlorinated Biphenyls which is a group of manufactured organic chemicals that contains 209 individual chlorinated chemicals. Oil, grease, gasoline from roadways, and chemicals used in homes, gardens, yards and on farm crops are major sources of the toxic contaminants...
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...affected the quality of Lake Huron over the centuries include sewage disposal, toxic contamination through heavy metals and pesticides, overdevelopment of the water’s edge, runoff from agriculture and urbanization, and air pollution. WHY IS LAKE HURON SO POLLUTED? During the 18th and 19th centuries, industries and individuals often used rivers and lakes as garbage cans. Industrial effluent, raw sewage and animal carcasses would often be dumped into Lake Huron, without much thought of contamination. The major cause of the pollution in Lake Huron seems to be nonpoint source pollution. Nonpoint source pollution is another term for polluted runoff (Water Pollution in the Great Lakes). In the 20th century, this practice of dumping waste into the lake started changing as people became aware of the importance of clean water to their health. As more people and industries moved into the great lakes region, the more the rivers and lakes became polluted. Pollutants enter the great lakes in many different ways, but the entryways of pollutants are point source, nonpoint source, and atmospheric pollution. (Water Pollution in the Great Lakes). POINT SOURCE POLLUTION Point source pollution refers to the direct entry of pollutants, such as organic and inorganic substances, toxic metals and human waste, into a body of water. One of the main point source pollution is the discharge of contaminated water through a drainpipe directly into the lake. In the past, people...
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...Georgio Miller December 17, 2013 ENG115 3.1 – Determining Causes and Effects Pollution in Great Lakes such as Lake Huron is not only harmful to the lake, but the ecosystem as well in many different ways. They can cause a harmful ripple effect transferred from prey to predators including humans. There is also the possibility of a major negative impact on the economy if affected. A majority of pollution found in Great Lakes such as Lake Huron has been proven by many sources to be extremely harmful to the habitants of the water, species who use the water, and the water itself. These findings eventually provided enough evidence for an implementation of a legal pollution limit that is considered to be a tolerance level. To demonstrate the harmful reality of pollution in Lake Huron, a group of graduate students from Michigan State University studied the effects of pollution by observing the lake trout. According to an excerpt of their school thesis, they intended to “…analyze the tissue concentrations in lake trout…over a period of several years.” (Michigan State University, Enivroment 110). The study of this lake trout provided substantial evidence that more contaminated areas of the lake had a higher effect on the trout. The water pollution, caused by anything as small as a tin can or large as an old computer, provided enough harmful resources to sicken, weaken and in most cases kill the lake trout. (Michigan State University, Enivroment 110). These polluted areas are overlooked...
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...The Condition of Lake Heron Sherrika R. Newman Professor Carrie Miller English Composition November 24, 2013 Lake Heron is one of five Great Lakes located on the west by the state of Michigan in the United States. It is the second-largest Great Lakes due to the having a surface area of 23,000 square miles. But by volume Lake Huron is only the third largest of the Great Lakes. Looking at illustration (A) below, Lake Heron is surrounded by Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. It is often referred to “the lake in the middle.” (A) In illustration (A) above you can also see that Lake Huron is connected to Lake Michigan through the straights of St. Mary’s River. It is a fact that this lake was the first Great Lakes to be discovered by European explorers. It is also a reality that Lake Heron has become a victim to water pollution over recent years. This has become a major issue for Coastal Conversationalist. Lake Huron has become a major dumping ground for many different types of pollutants. These pollutants enter the lakes fresh water and are commonly classified by point source or non-point source pollution. Point source can usually be traced back to the specific location and source of culprit. Dumping of hazardous chemical depositions or nuclear waste from industrial and treatment facilities is an example of point source pollution. Because point source pollution can be traced back to the owner it is the easiest source of pollution to control and regulate...
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...Determining Cause and Effect Erin Martin Professor Gabriel Smith ENG Comp 115 December 9, 2013 Determining Cause and Effect Lake Huron is the world's third largest lake. It host’s several beaches near shore with a major focus on bacterial contamination from humans. It also brings recreational water quality to an issue. Bacterial contaminants spread to fish and certain contaminants results in bioaccumulation and biomagnifies in the food chains. The bioaccumulation describes the buildup of chemicals in fish while Biomagnify is the concentration of chemical build-up in fish (Scharfe, 2008). Chemicals can end up in fish through wind and rain run-off into rivers, lakes, or any body of water. People are generally at the top of this food chain because we eat the fish. Just like chemicals build up in fish, they can build up in our bodies. This chemical build up may not cause health problems right away, but could lead to future health problems. The rise and fall of of Lake Huron’s fish is ongoing over the last century. Currently, Lake Huron is on the rise for healthy fish consumption, but the levels of fish available for consumption have decreased due to “the spiny water flea, an invasive zooplankton that often clumps on fishing lines and downrigger cables. Smelt were also found in significant numbers of Chinook salmon stomachs.” (Great Lakes Fishing Council, 2011)(http://www.great-lakes.org/Wkly_news/graphics/08-01-11-D.jpg) There have been several fish consumption advisories...
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...Great Lakes are the world’s largest freshwater system (TEACH). Including Lake Erie, Michigan, Huron, Superior, and Ontario, the five lakes are an important source of fresh water and are home to many species of wildlife. However, with the belief that water could dilute any substance, the lakes also became a destination of dumping grounds for many different types of pollutants. Ranging from point source pollution such as industrial waste from drainage pipes to non-point source pollution like pesticide and fertilizer runoff from farms, these pollutants and others have had adverse effects on the lakes. Such adverse effects include reducing the water quality, contaminating soils, and damaging the lake ecosystems. This damage produces harmful repercussions on the fish and wildlife stocks, and to the humans surrounding the Great Lakes region as well. To observe this, we will analyze the tissue concentrations in lake trout of four influential pollutants in Lake Huron, to see if there is a correlation to the total biomass of the lake trout. BACKGROUND Sources of Pollution in the Great Lakes Point-source pollution refers to a direct source of pollution, such as a pipe or other vessel. Early industries like pulp and paper companies located in the Great Lakes region believed that anything could be dissolved in water, and thus neutralized. As a result, many wastes (such as mercury) were dumped into the Great Lakes. There have also been observations of fecal matter pollution from sewage...
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...wellbeing of animals, humans, and the environment that our society had clean water not only in and around areas of Lake Huron but for the world as a whole. “About 70 percent of the Earth's surface is water-covered, and the oceans hold about 96.5 percent of all Earth's water. But water also exists in the air as water vapor, in rivers and lakes, in icecaps and glaciers.” (How much water is there on, in, and above the Earth?, 2013) The impact of polluted water can affect many different sources that can greatly impact our society in a negative way. “The effects of water pollution are varied. They include poisonous drinking water, poisonous food animals (due to these organisms having bio accumulated toxins from the environment over their life spans), unbalanced river and lake ecosystems that can no longer support full biological diversity, deforestation from acid rain, and many other effects. These effects are, of course, specific to the various contaminants.” (Rubin) In order to help prevent the negatives effects happening in Lake Heron, the public must be informed and governmental agencies need to create more action in improving this matter. Figure 1: (http://www.mnr.gov.on.ca/en/Business/GreatLakes/2ColumnSubPage/STEL02_173901.html) Lake Heron, located between Michigan and Canada, is the third largest bodies of water in the world and covers at least 23,000 square miles. (Zimmermann, 2013) Lake Huron is popular for its fishing both privatized (commercial) and public (individual...
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