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Water Report of Different Hall in Penn State

In:

Submitted By kevinkss
Words 2144
Pages 9
The Chemistry of Nature Waters

Name: Kevin Chiu
Date: 2011/3/26
Course: Chem 111
Section: 104
Group Members: Nick Dastalfo, Dan Dileo, Matt D.
TA: Adriana Distanislao
Introduction:
Water plays a really important world in human’s life, because people use and drink water every day. One useful way to know the quality of the water is water hardness. Water hardness is measured the amount of positive calcium and magnesium ions1. By measuring the concentration of calcium and magnesium in water, people can know whether the water is hard or not. It’s really important to know the hardness of water, because hard water can cause several problems for consumers including decreased life of household plumbing and water-using appliances, increased difficulty in cleaning and laundering tasks, decreased efficiency of water heaters, and white/chalky deposits on items such as plumbing, tubs, sinks, and pots and pans.2 Total hardness is measured in grains per gallon of water (gpg), milligrams per liter (mg/l) or parts per million (ppm) by using EDTA or AA to measure the hardness.2
HD2-(blue)+Mg2++Ca2+ MgD-(Red)+H++Ca2+ EDTA CaEDTA+MgEDTA+HD2-(blue) EDTA is a versatile chelating agent.3 Chelating agent is a substance whose molecules can form several bonds to a single metal ion.3 People add indicator called EBT to help the evaluation. EBT (HD2-) will react with Mg+2 and become red which is MgD-. Then, we add EDTA to the solution which reacts with Ca+2, forming a colorless chelate (CaEDTA). After EDTA reacts with all Ca+2, EDTA begin to react with Mg+2 indicator chelate to produce a colorless MgEDTA chelate. EBT return to original substance which is blue. Thus, we can know the hardness of the water, by calculating EDTA we use in the reaction. Additionally, EDTA titration just can deal with TDS which is total dissolved solid. TDS means all residues which

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