...strategies P2: Describe the origins of public health policy in the UK from the 19th century to the present day Public Health is about helping everyone to stay healthy rather than focusing specifically on the individual, with the aim to promote health, protecting individuals from threats to their health and preventing ill-health. Public health policies have made a significant impact in increasing a person's overall life expectancy and improving health. (Public Health) PUBLIC HEALTH STRATEGIES: Public health strategies are devised in order to prevent the spread of diseases, prolong life and promote health. This can be done through the use of monitoring, identifying, developing programmes etc. Monitoring the health status of the community – Is a key aspect of health strategies that are in place within the UK. This health strategy helps to monitor any changes that occur in the health of the population, along with alerting individuals to any potential problems. Health throughout the UK is monitored by quality of life, infant mortality rates and life expectancy (Baker L, 2008, BTEC National Health and Social Care Book 2, page 2) The monitoring of health throughout the country allows for advanced planning of local services within the community that may be at risk of certain health problems. The monitoring of health at a local level allows for information to be recorded before being compared to the health of other communities across the country. Local information on...
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...I discussed the key aspects of the public health strategies in the UK. Several changes which took place within the Public Health System are as a result of awareness promotions and awareness which is highlighted in general by individuals and groups across the nation. The government take into considerations the health needs of the people and acts on the findings demonstrated through national statistics. The government act on these findings by passing laws that are considered to power the overall health and well-being of the nation. In the 19th century, scientist discovered that microorganisms are responsible for the killer diseases like cholera and tuberculosis, and the public health was officially lunched in an effort to provide clean water supplies and waste disposal systems. Poor law system (1834) which was an act established by the parliament in 1834 under Lord Early Grey who reformed the country’s poverty in the 19th century. The poor law was meant to reduce the cost of looking after the poor, prevent beggars and impose a system which would be the same all over the country. People that were poor were put into work houses and wear clothed and had food to eat. This poverty relief system came...
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...55 Mongolia: The Water Situation in Ulaanbaatar Mongolia: The Water Situation in Ulaanbaatar Hiroshi Sato* I. Introduction To many, Mongolia is a country of steppes and desert. Geographically, the country can be divided into three main regions: north, central and south. These regions vary greatly in terms of terrain, climate and other natural elements. The west of northern Mongolia is a wooded region covered in Siberian taiga forest. Meanwhile, the central region is home to Mongolia’s vast, characteristic steppes, and southern Mongolia is full of desert steppes. In 1990, Mongolia abandoned socialism and its one-party rule as the People’s Revolutionary Party introduced a multiple party system with influence from the Soviet perestroika movement. Then in 1992, the constitution was amended and the nation of Mongolia was born. Through these reforms, Mongolia ushered in a new democracy and transitioned from a planned economy to a market economy. As the economy flourished following the transition, a number of issues came to the surface. Of the issues raised, environmental issues are a major one in Mongolia. Currently, the impacts of domestic economic stimulation and problems such as recent global warming on the environment can be seen everywhere. Mongolia’s environmental problems are wide-ranging; air pollution, waste management, water pollution, overcentralization in the capital, energy issues, water resources, and urban environmental issues are but a few of...
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...P1 Public Health Strategies in the UK and their origins. In this article I am going to describe the key features of public health strategies as they relate to current times in the UK. -Monitoring the health status of the population. This strategy involves keeping track of people’s health/keeping an eye on everyone though statics. By tracking changes in the health of the population health professionals are able to alert people to potential problems, for example regular check-ups, at doctors for asthma or Dentist to check up on teeth and make sure they are in good condition plus Orthodontic. Also the NHS provide a free midlife MOT to check people aged between 40-74, to make sure they are in good health and to help reduce the number of elderly who suffer with high blood pressure. Also for HIV, they monitor the health of the population with HIV tracking the number of people with HIV within the population. This helps the NHS find out the population of people with HIV in order for them to take further actions. -Identifying the health needs of the population. This strategy involves identifying health needs, including those that are common problems/ illness that are considered a major problem. For example identifying the illness and providing support through services or medicine, advert are a great way that can get you aware, and provide you with health awareness that is common in the population. Doctors for example monitor the health status of...
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...Lab report for Experiment #2: Extraction Your Name: Name of TA: Lab Partner’s Name: Lab Section: Title: Experiment #2: Extraction Purpose: What is the purpose of this lab? In your OWN words! Observations: Weighed out 3.2568 grams of chemical mixture that was yellow in color. Dissolved dry chemicals in 38 ml CH2Cl2 with gentle heating. Poured the yellow solution into sep funnel. Added 10 ml CH2Cl2 to flask to rinse, poured solution into sep funnel. Added 15 ml 3 M HCl, gently mixed and vented (saw bubbles during mixing, heard the evolution of gas while venting). Allowed layers to separate. Upper layer determined to be aqueous by density: lower layer removed. Upper layer placed into separate flask labeled “A” for acid extract. Lower layer placed into sep. funnel and reextracted with 15 ml 3 M HCl. Combined aqueous layers in flask A Reextracted CH2Cl2 layer containg chemicals with 15 ml 3 M NaOH. Upper layer in flask labeled “B” for base extract. Re-extract organic layer with 15 ml 3M NaOH. Combined base extracted materials in flask “B”. Saw bubbles during mixing, heard the evolution of gas while venting. Dried organic layer with anhyd. Na2SO4 until free flowing salt was observed (about 3 grams). Filtered the organic solution into a tared 100 ml round-bottom flask. Rinsed flask and funnel with 10 ml of CH2Cl2 and rotovaped off remaining solvent and weighed flask. The biphenyl obtained was white in color and was like a powder. Weight of flask and biphenyl...
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...Chemistry Report on Pulp and Paper Industry Leif Duncan S. Urdaneta University of San Carlos Technological Center Cebu City, Philippines Abstract Information about the pulp and paper industry that focuses mainly on kraft pulping using wood as raw material for paper production is covered in this report. Content includes a brief account of the global paper production status, a general overview of the kraft paper making process that is presented with a model mill PFD (with materials balance) from ÅForsk Engineering (2011) as well as actual information from Danao Paper Mill, general waste management practices recommendations by authoritative figures, actual waste management of Danao Paper Mill, future trends and direction of the industry in general and that of Danao Paper Mill, and finally, author’s conclusion and closing remarks. Table of Contents Introduction | 4 | Existing Industries | 5 - 8 | Manufacturing | General Overview | | | Pulp production | 9-11 | | Chemical Recovery | 12-13 | | Paper Making | 13-14 | | Danao Paper Mill | 14-15 | | Stock Preparation | 15 | | Repulping | 15-18 | | The Paper Machine | 18-20 | | Mass Balances | 21 | | Process Flow Diagrams | 22-23 | Waste Management | Overview | 24-25 | | Danao Paper Mill | 25 | Future Trends and Direction | Philippines | 26 | | Danao Paper Mill | 26 | Conclusion | 27 | Recommendations | 27 | References | 28-30 | Introduction Starting at around 1965, paper industries...
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...VISY PULP AND PAPER PTY LTD ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR A MAJOR PROJECT TUMUT MILL EXPANSION 436 Gadara Road, Tumut, New South Wales January 2007 H:\Environmental\VPP9 Stage 2\Stage 2\FINAL EA SUBMISSION\Main Report\Visy Tumut Final Env Assessment Main Report.doc Environmental Assessment Submission Under Part 3A of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 Statement by Authors Environmental Assessment Prepared By: Name Ms Leanne Hayes Company Visy Pulp and Paper Pty Ltd Position Project Environmental Engineer Qualifications BSc Environmental Biology Address 436 Gadara Road, Tumut, New South Wales, 2720 Co-authored and Reviewed By: Name Ms Alison McRae Company Peter J Ramsay and Associates Pty Ltd Position Associate Qualifications Bachelor of Engineering (Environmental), Bachelor of Commerce Address 3/538 Gardeners Road, Alexandria, New South Wales, 2015 Project Under Part 3A: Application Number 06_0195 Development Visy Pulp and Paper Tumut, Mill Expansion Development Location 436 Gadara Road, Tumut, New South Wales, 2720 Proponent Visy Pulp and Paper Pty Ltd PO Box 98 Tumut, New South Wales, 2720 Certification: I certify that I have prepared this Environmental Assessment report and that to the best of my knowledge: it has been prepared in accordance with Part 3A of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act and Regulations; and the information...
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...UTAR FHSC1214 Fundamentals of Cell Biology Trimester 1 How YOU can do well in BIOLOGY Follow the 4A’s and you can expect A’s. A ttitude • Attend ALL lectures, tutorials and practicals on time without fail. • Be attentive in class and revise your notes after class while the topic is still fresh in your mind. Why waste time re-reading 2-3 months later? • Do your assignments faithfully as they carry marks for the finals. • Come prepared for lessons (i.e. read up beforehand). • Read up beforehand before attending lectures so that you won’t be lost and wasted hours of your life week after week. • Why stress yourself out if you can avoid it? Do NOT count on last minute revision for tests and examinations, as it will be too late to catch up and seek help in areas where you may find confusing or unclear of. • Why panic before exams because you can’t find this or that? Keep separate files for lecture, tutorial and practical. File up the respective notes systematically so that you do not lose them along the semester. • Do you expect the lecturer/ tutor to be available all the time to answer your questions? It is YOUR responsibility to take the initiative to clear your doubts or satisfy your curiosity to understand certain scientific phenomena by reading up on the relevant topics. A Based on a true story… A professor at the National University of Singapore recounts how on one occasion a student consulted him days before the exam. Student:...
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...Lab Report for Experiment #4 Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes Student's Name __________ __________ Date of Experiment ___ _________ Date Report Submitted _________________ Title: (copy from lab, 1 point) Purpose: (copy from lab, 1 point) Changes to the Procedure by Instructors: 1. Do not test the odor of the samples. 2. In this lab the test tubes can get very dirty and cleaning is difficult. Your test tube may break, but don’t worry about it you will not need them again this term. Dispose carefully in the trash. Have you made any changes to the procedure? Please explain: Fill out the data sheet (page 3) for the experiment and answer the questions. Note: read the lab introduction for clarification on the difference between physical and chemical changes. Remember that a physical change often occurs during a chemical change, but a chemical change does not always happen when a physical change occurs. If you still have questions ask your instructor. From experiment # 1 we learned that a chemical change results in a color change, the formation of bubbles, the formation of a precipitate, or a change of temperature. Keep that in mind when you are deciding whether a physical or chemical change has occurred. Data Table (8 points) Read carefully before you begin your experiment! Be complete when writing your observations. One word observations are not usually complete. If there is a color change, include the color before and after. For...
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...Part A. In the past five years, children’s literature has had many common themes. Bullying has been a popular subject of interest at all levels of reading. This trend reflects a rising concern about cyberbullying and the sometimes dramatic effects it can have on a child’s life. Writers and parents are making an effort to show children that what they do to their peers has real consequences and to be mindful with their words and actions. Another popular subject is dystopian futures. This interest is in part due to the success of The Hunger Games trilogy, children have become interested in the future of their planet. Another interesting trend in children’s literature is mixing of genres, such as mixing cartoons and novels, which may be the influence of children’s television. Children are interested in seeing the story unfold as well as reading the text. This also is influenced by the prevalence of the internet and the multimedia presentations of information that is abundant there. Children are also very interested in serial literature, willing to follow their favorite characters through many books to find out all of their adventures. Here, again, televison may play a part in this interest. In the 1700s, the intent of many children’s books was to educate and instruct them morally while amusing children so that they would continue to read. Books that were made specifically for children were illustrated and often made in small sizes to fit into children’s hands. Today’s literature...
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...Number : 1600730296 | [Title : Human Impact on the Water Quality of the Santa Cruz/San Juan River] | | Table of Contents | Page Number | Site Reports | | Site 1:: Reservoir Road, Santa Cruz, Trinidad | 2 | Site 2:Akal Trace, La Pastora, Santa Cruz, Trinidad | 3 | Site 3:Cantaro Extension Rd, Santa Cruz, Trinidad | 4 | Site 4:Mt Hololo Rd Santa Cruz, Trinidad | 5 | Lab Reports | | Lab 1:Dissolved Oxygen and Biological Oxygen Demand | 7 | Lab 2:Total Suspended Solids | 10 | Lab 3:Total Dissolved Solids | 12 | Lab 4:Macro Invertebrate Fauna | 14 | Final Report | | Problem Statement, Objectives | 17 | Methods of Data Collection | 18 | Literature Review | 19 | Presentation and Analysis of Data | 20 | Discussion of Findings | 22 | Conclusions | 23 | Recommendations | 23 | Bibliography | 24 | Site Number: 1 Date: 28/11/13 Site: Reservoir Road, Santa Cruz, Trinidad (Control site – Furthest Upstream) Objective(s): To investigate a section of the river with little or no human impact to use as a control site. Activities: The class arrived at site 1 around 9:15am. Observations of the riverbed, the water itself, human influences and both flora and fauna were made. Also the temperature, depth, width, turbidity and rate of flow of the water were measured. Water samples for later analysis of total suspended solids,...
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...www.AwesomeScienceProjects.com Page 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................2 How to Use This Book: ................................................................................................................3 Materials List...............................................................................................................................5 Create a Science Fair Project with Fruit & Veggies .......................................................................6 Sample Data Sheet ....................................................................................................................10 Sample Report ..........................................................................................................................11 Exhibit Display Board.................................................................................................................25 Oral Presentation ......................................................................................................................28 © 2009 Supercharged Science...
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...Does Polluted Water Hurts the Environment? Embry Riddle Aeronautical University Abstract Water pollution is the worst problem that the United States and other nations are facing today. Although, many people have known this issue, they are still contributing to it. People need to become more responsive on this issue by complying on several ways to prevent water pollution. The chemical industry and factory farms need to follow the guidelines of operating their business, by using proper disposal methods for hazardous materials and waste materials. Chemical industry and factory farms need to follow the guidelines behind water pollution. To begin with, factory farms should be regulated accordingly. They must obtain permits, monitor water quality and pay for cleaning up and disposing of their waste. Also, factory farms must strengthen their new technology standards. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) must consider recent technological advances that significantly reduce pathogens. In addition, residents and local government should get involved and must have a say in whether to allow factory farms in their communities. The public also has the right to review and comment on the contents of pollution reduction plans and to enforce the terms, when a factory farm is in violation. The politically powerful chemically industry should enforce federal laws that permits underground waste disposal. A better and potentially...
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...aquatic organisms and disturb the integrity of the ecosystem (Mester and Tien 2000; Puvaneswari et al., 2006) by alters the pH, increases the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD).Dyes industries have also a serious role in environmental pollution. Dyes mainly used in paper, textile and leather industries. Pollutant released from these dyes industries cause water and soil pollution. Water and land pollution by dyes industries affect large numbers of people and environment. These pollutants affects in many forms. They include not only chemicals, but also organisms and biological materials, The number of potential pollutants is therefore essentially countless. There are, for example, some 30,000 chemicals in common use today in dyes industries, any one of which may be released into the environment during processing or use. Due to its toxicity, widespread presence and complex nature, this type of pollution is a serious problem. In Modern life style, urbanization and develop the use of dyes and dye -based products grows. Once they enter an ecosystem, dye-based pollutants initiate a series of processes, affecting both its biotic and a biotic element (Małachowska-Jutsz et al. 1997). Dyes produce an unacceptable...
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...Bhamani 5-6 English (Creative Writing) Tuesday, March 29, 2005 45 mins Shape Poem The Student will be able to: 1=Share and write more creactive ideas. 2=Describe different objects Papers Pens Charts Markers Colours OHP(OHT)for the presentation of sample poem(WB can be used too) PRESENTATION: The Teacher will ask the student following questions.(How many of you like butterfly/balloon? Why ou like balloons/butterfly? Do you love poems(yes/no) well,then lets try to write one. Teacher will show an example or two like of balloon(MY RED BALLOON IS LIKE AN AEROPLANE WITHOUT WINGS.IT FLOATS LIKE A BIRD IN THE SKY.A STRONG WIND MAKES MY BALLOON RUN FAST AND TO THE GROUND.POP!OHNO..PIECE OF RUBBER DRIFTING TO THE GROUND)Than SS will asked to choose shapes draw it and write a peom inside that shape) for production you can display all the shapes poems on the school board /bulletin board/soft board.. production stage could be considerd as evaluation Evaluation Lesson Plan Teacher Class Subject Date Duration Topic Objectives Material Needed Methodology Sonia Sham Dupte grades 3-4 language arts Tuesday, March 01, 2005 30 mins telling a story Students will learn how to use descriptive and imaginative language to tell a story. * Telling a Story pictures (allow each student to choose their own picture) * paper * pencils Discuss with students the structure of a good story. Stress that a good story has a beginning, middle, climax, and end. Read a sample story to the class. Have the class discuss...
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