...Marshall University Marshall Digital Scholar Accounting Faculty Research Accountancy and Legal Environment 1-1-2009 An Analysis of Social Factors Influencing the Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards Jeffrey J. Archambault Marshall University, archambault@marshall.edu Marie E. Archambault Marshall University, archambaultm@marshall.edu Follow this and additional works at: http://mds.marshall.edu/acct_faculty Part of the Accounting Commons, and the International Business Commons Recommended Citation Archambault, J.J. and Archambault, M.E. (2009) “An analysis of social factors influencing the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards”, Journal for Global Business Advancement, 2 (1-2), pp. 38-53. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Accountancy and Legal Environment at Marshall Digital Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Accounting Faculty Research by an authorized administrator of Marshall Digital Scholar. For more information, please contact zhangj@marshall.edu. An analysis of social factors influencing the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards Jeffrey J. Archambault• and Marie E. Archambault Division of Accountancy and Legd Environment, Lewis College of Business, Marsh!.ll University, One John Marshall Drive, HuntingtOn, WV 25755, USA E-mail: archambault@marshall.ecil E-mail: arcbambaultm@marshaU.edu *Corresponding autho r Abstnct: This paper examines the decision...
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...Contract Analysis BUSI 561 – Spring D Emerald Jones I would continue doing business with Marshall as long as we come to an agreement on a new contract. This understanding will provide us clarity on this partnership we are going to continue to have while doing business. Marshall is a good person and I would like to see his company continue to flourish as well as his spirituality. However if Marshall does not agree with the terms of a new contract business between us will cease. There are risks involved with discontinuing business with Marshall as he may file a lawsuit against me for various reasons. If it comes to that some legal defense I may have include; covenants of good faith, minor’s capacity to contract and fraud in the execution of a contract. First I would like to explore covenants of Good faith. Going into this deal with Marshall it began based off covenants of good faith and fair dealings. Per what we verbally discussed I would supply Marshall with a scheduled quantity of product. Since making that verbal agreement, I have consistently supplied Marshall with the products we have agreed upon on time. However Marshall has been habitually late with payments and even though I could impose fees as stated per the invoices sent, I have not. By Marshall trying to force me into a contract this could potentially hinder the performance of my company. Due to the demand of my new contract this will cause several components to restructure within the company. As...
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...Corporate Identity and Corporate Brand Alignment: The Strategic Positioning of British Airways in the 20th Century John M. T. Balmer, Brunel University, Helen Stuart, Australian Catholic University, Stephen A. Greyser, Harvard University. Abstract In this paper we explain the utility of adopting an identity-based view of the corporation using the diagnostic tool of identity management outlined in this article, “The ACID Test”. Using British Airways (BA) as an extensive case history we scrutinize and explicate how BA’s senior executives intuitively adopted an identity-based perspective as part of the strategic management of the carrier. Our analysis is corroborated by insights from the former CEO of British Airways, Lord Marshall, and also draws on our long-time association with his predecessor, Lord King. The overriding message from our work is that calibrating the multiple identities of the corporation is a critical dimension of strategic management. Introduction This article uses Balmer’s latest version of the ACID Test Framework which encompasses the added dimension of the covenanted identity. Previous articles on the framework include Balmer and Gray (2003), Balmer and Greyser (2002) and Balmer (2002). In our view there are six critical identity types that senior executives of modern corporations need to ensure are broadly calibrated with each other. Each is characterised by a distinct identity type, linked to a corporate-level concept that is of fundamental...
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...EFM Academy – Summary: Essentials of contemporary management, Gareth R. Jones, Jennifer M. George / Marketing – Real People, Real Choices, Solomon / Marshall / Stuart Essentials of Contemporary Management Chapter 1 What is Management? – The Management Process Today Management is the planning, organizing, leading and controlling of human and other resources to achieve organizational goals efficiently and effectively Achieving high performance: a manger’s goal Organizational performance is a measure of how efficiently and effectively managers use resources to satisfy customers and achieve organizational goals. Efficiency is a measure of how well or how productively resources are used to achieve goals; o Organizations are efficient when the amount of input resources or the amount of time needed to produce a given output of goods or services is minimized Effectiveness is a measure of the appropriateness of the goals that managers have selected for the organization to pursue and of the degree to which the organization achieves its goals o Organizations are effective when appropriate goals are chosen and achieved High effectiveness Low efficiency A product that the customer want, but that is too expensive for them to buy A low-quality product that customers do not want High efficiency A product that customers want at a quality and price that they can afford A high-quality product that customers do not want - Low effectiveness Managerial Functions … are planning...
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...Asset Valuation Introduction The intent of this paper is to describe to the CEO Team B’s recommendation for reporting and valuing assets. Included in this paper is a synopsis of the company’s business plan and the related inventory control and capitalization policy. The authors’ of this paper will also justify why each policy was chosen and evaluate how the policies assists our business to meet its goals. Finally, alternative methods will be discussed with regard to why they were not chosen. Type of Business Practice Team B intends to do business as a provider of Durable Medical equipment (DME) and prosthetics, orthotics, and supplies (POS). Team B chose this merchandise to sell retail as Medicare Part B covers a wide range of DME for use in the home, including oxygen equipment and supplies, hospital beds, wheelchairs, walkers, and renal dialysis machines. The coverage for POS, in both home and nursing home settings, includes enteral (tube feedings) nutrition therapy, urological supplies, surgical dressings, and devices such as hand braces and artificial limbs. DMEPOS benefits are especially important to the sick and disabled Medicare beneficiaries. This allows them to avoid institutionalization, and live more mobile and independent lives. Usage of such equipment helps this population to be maintainers of a high quality of life, (Hoerger, Finkelstein, & Bernard. Fall 2001). Effective management and control of assets should be a company wide initiative. Our goal is...
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...Iconic Americans: Eminem Marshall Bruce Mathers III was born on October 17, 1973. He was born in Kansas City, Missouri. Marshall would eventually become the “Eminem” we all know of today. America first really heard of Eminem in 1999 when he was becoming popular for being a white rapper. Marshall moved around in various states with his mother and eventually ended up living in Detroit when he was twelve. In high school, before dropping out in ninth grade, Marshall took up rapping. He joined a few groups: Basement Productions, D12, and the New Jacks. This is when he named himself Eminem. In 1997, he released his first solo album “Infinite.” Eminem’s new album was taken badly and he was earning a bad reputation being compared to other rappers. He got revenge on his critics when he won the “Freestyle Performer of the Year” award on the Wake Up Show, which gave him a boost with his determination to be successful. Also, in the Los Angeles’ annual Rap Olympics, Eminem finished as runner-up. In 1998, he released his album “The Slim Shady EP.” He named this album after himself because of his “dark side.” This album marked some hurtful attacks on his critics. His most popular song, “Just Don’t Give A Fuck,” got him guest appearances on MC Shabaam Sahddeq’s single, “Five Star Generals.” That song also got him onto Kid Rock’s “Devil Without a Cause” set. After this, Dr.Dre took in Eminem into his music and Records Company and acted as his co-producer. Dr. Dre was featured in...
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...Marshall Islanders: Migration Patterns and Health Care Challenges NUR 440 February 9, 2015 Susan Maxwell Marshall Islanders: Migration Patterns and Health Care Challenges Marshallese come from the Marshall Islands in the Pacific Ocean. “The U.S. military used some of the islands to test nuclear weapons from 1947 to 1962” (Carpenter, n.d.). In 1954, the largest atomic bomb was dropped on one of the islands, and the strength of the bomb was 1000 times stronger than the bomb dropped on Hiroshima (Carpenter, n.d.). The fall out of the radiation was felt on many of the islands (Carpenter, n.d.). The radiation has caused many health problems including tuberculosis, hypertension, thyroid tumors, leprosy, birth anomalies, genetic mutations, increased risk of diabetes and a depressed immune system (Duke 2014). The islands gained their independence in 1986. Under a Compact of Free Association between the two countries any Marshallese with a valid passport can come to the United States legally, find a job and stay as long as he or she likes" (Carpenter, n.d.). Northwest Arkansas, Springdale, in particular, has one of the largest Marshallese groups in the United States with approximately 6000 people (Duke, 2014). Marshallese moved to Arkansas because of the relatively lower cost of living, increased availability of unskilled jobs, and increased accessibility of education. Marshallese are a vulnerable population in the United States related to their increased health problems, decreased...
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...A deep understanding of products and the services they provide for a consumer is what keeps business alive according to (Ravald & Grönroos, 1996). The core product of any service/ industry/ organization must have essential benefits as well as enhanced benefits to stay ahead of the market (Marshall & Johnston, 2011). With Starbucks the core product is coffee, for Ford is is cars and trucks, for LongHorn Steakhouse it is steak. This core product have to have the best quality and value to compete in the market and, according to Marshall and Johnston, it does this by providing essential benefits (no more hunger and great taste) as well as enhanced benefits (daily fresh steaks never frozen as well as perfect steak seasoning). LongHorn, a Darden company, uses all of these to stay ahead of the competition. The essential benefits and enhanced benefits as mentioned above are what the consumer (called guests) keeps coming back for more quality and taste. LongHorn’s most significant selling campaign is that of “fresh, never frozen, quality cuts of meat, seasoned to perfection”. The executives of Darden as well as LongHorn set this standard because they want consumers to know they care about the quality of food they are serving and that is how the consumer knows the restaurant cares for them. This is what the guest expects. They expect perfect, fresh steaks and they are guaranteed that or the steak is “on the house”. Therefore the guests also expect great quality that they pay for. Not...
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...can help make individuals more well rounded and mindful. According to the “Five Traditional Criteria” in the Essential Guide to Critical Reading and Writing, this article does a good job in exhibiting accuracy, authority, objectivity, currency, and coverage. Boyatzis has his PhD from Harvard University in Social Psychology and has been an active theorist in the field for over 40 years (Richard Boyatzis, Ph.D.). Because of his credentials and popularity in the field, I would consider this article to have strong authority. Coverage is also exhibited since Boyatzis provides references to other credible resources, and is concise about the topic he is covering (Walsh, Pezalla, & Marshall, 2014). Boyatzis’s thesis in the article is that by crossing disciplines, such as neuroscience and business management, we can “expand our theories and find new directions for out scholarly work” (Boyatzis, 2014, p. 303). From his thesis, I would consider the paper to be objective by also being opinionated in an appropriate, professional manner. The resources cited in the paper are all current; the oldest reference was from 2007, which is five years within the published date of this paper. However, due to the briefness of the article, there were only nine cited references. Also, since this article takes on a more opinionated approach, it doesn’t include more than just an abstract, body, and summary. However, Boyatzis makes sure to refer to various studies around the research...
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...What accounts for the emergence of external economies of scale? Discuss with reference to two relevant empirical cases Upon speaking about trade and development, it is reasonable to implement economies of scale into their agenda. Economies of scale theories suggest that “production is more efficient the larger the scale at which it takes place. Where there are economies of scale, doubling the inputs to an industry will more than double the industry’s production.” Furthermore, two types of economies of scale exist as theories- internal and external. However, this paper will examine external economies principles strictly and provide supported by evidence explanation as to why they emerge in the first place. What the basis of external economies of scale, as suggested by scholars states, is that they persist in the sphere of industries and result in reducing costs by concentrating production in area clusters, as well as “…cause the short-run average cost and long-run average cost curves to shift downward.” The principles of external economies of scale, however, imply not to the individual, but to the level of industry. In order to provide grounds for emergence of external economies, it is relevant to observe their nature at first. When speaking about external economies of scale, the tendency is to think about lowering costs of production, however this mostly implies to already established big markets, because for a small market it would be tough to compete in this sphere of development...
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...The Changing Face of Welfare 2 Welfare was first established as a Federal program during the Great Depression. In 1935, Congress enacted Aide to Dependent Children (ADC), a relatively modest program whose primary focuses was on widows, orphans, divorced or deserted mothers and their children. By 1937, ADC covered only about 7000,000 people and at least two-thirds of eligible people with children were not covered (Almanac of Policy Issues, 2001). The program grew slowly but steadily over the next two decades, providing assistance to about 3 million people by 1960. In the 1960’s and 1970’s ADC changed to Aide to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) and by 1992 with the election of Bill Clinton and his promise to “end welfare as we know it. With the election of a Republic Congress in 1994, Congress was determined to change the existing welfare system and in that same year President Clinton signed the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act (PRWORA) as welfare reached an all-time peak of 14.2 million recipients, 5 million families and 9.6 million children (Almanac of Policy Issue, 2001). The new act ended welfare entitlement and replaced it with a new block grant providing $16.5 billion per year to states to assist the needy (Almanac of Policy Issue, 2001). This new program was called the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and would remain in effect until 2012 when the face of welfare would change again under the leadership of President Obama...
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...American entrepreneur, marketer and inventor that chaired several prestigious companies such as Apple Inc., Pixar and NeXT Inc. Rare video footage from 1980 depicts a young Steve Jobs conducting a seminar and providing valuable marketing advice to budding entrepreneurs. He explains the ups and downs of Apple and how the company secured pristine status among other elite brands in the world. Jobs commenced his speech with a powerful statement that captures the idea and the very essence of marketing. “Marketing is about values,” said Jobs (Raytracesvin 2013). Solomon, Marshall and Stuart states that value refers to the benefits a customer receives from buying a good or service (pg. 33). The principle of marketing applies to people just as they apply to cars, computers and clothing. We as individuals have market value; qualities that set a person apart from others and abilities other people want and need. Jobs states that we live in a “complicated and noisy world,” and getting a particular message across about ourselves or a product to a select audience could pose a challenge. Marketers must be precise and concise in their messaging in order to effectively engage their audience. When a potential candidate for a job goes in for an interview, he or she must brand or market themselves in order to increase their value to the employer. Jobs also mentions Apple Inc. along with other renowned brands such as...
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...to being a private trouble of the individual. We tend to view certain experiences in our lives as a single private issue. However, this trouble can be viewed as a wider social problem. The sociological imagination is a sociological perspective which observes the world in a critical way and makes clear links between the private problems of the individual and important social issues (Scott & Marshall 2008). Anthony Giddens (1986:13) argues that there are three forms of sensibility that together make up the sociological imagination, these include; historical, anthropological insight and critical thinking. Sociologists use critical thinking to debunk every day common sense assumptions about human behaviour and social life (Mills 1959:2). For example; suicide among males in Australia may be viewed as a private problem of the individual. However, a high percentage of these males live in remote areas compared to those who live in major cities (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2011, Australian Social Trends, Cat. No. 4102.0, Australian Bureau of Statistics, Canberra), which in fact suggests that this issue in fact is a wider social issue. Sociologists ask the question why and attempt to find the connections between the private problem of suicide and the wider social issue. Sociologists collect and use empirical data when debunking such common sense assumptions as the issue previously discussed. Empirical data is evidence that we can confirm from our senses and is used when evaluating...
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...had started the war, there was mistrust amongst the allies that Germany would again rise and create the turmoil that the continent had just witnessed. And there was also a larger mistrust, bordering on an animosity, between the two superpowers the Soviet Union and the United States as these one time allies vied for supremacy of the world. Caught in between this superpower struggle was the European continent. As the European continent was divided between the superpowers there were many events that occurred that had an impact on the Europe of today. I believe the three most significant events affecting the development of Europe during the Cold War and helping to shape the European continent, was the United States implementation of the Marshall Plan, the signing of the Washington Treaty of 1949 and the formation of the European Coal and Steel Community in 1950. Each one of these events would lead to further expansion on the initial premise of each program or policy further enhancing the security or prosperity of the European continent. After the War, "with Western Europe on the verge of not only economic ruin but also political and social upheaval, the region's weary governments were forced into dependence on the United States." Most of the items needed to rebuild Western Europe could only come from the one country virtually unscathed during the war, the United States. But at this time because of the devastation across Europe the European nations could not purchase...
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...Handling Difficult Conversations Shaquinna Wilson Walden Unversity Handling Difficult Conversations Introduction Sure at some point have to face the situation to keep a difficult conversation with a friend or family member about a sensitive issue. Sometimes, we face the difficult position of having to tell someone something important knowing that the conversation can be complicated. Everyone faces such situations that can help not only make the situation more bearable for both sides, but also to communicate better (Falcone, Claxton & Marshall, 2014). Discussion In terms of integrity, I have probably made many assumptions about my own standards as a coach, having held responsibilities for professional standards and corruption prevention in different roles / prisons. I have had to handle some situations quite carefully where more senior people have (in my opinion) held less robust principles of integrity than I do. For example I have always struggled with bias on promotion and selection boards and have had to have some difficult conversations where I have not been prepared to compromise my integrity whilst ensuring I don’t commit ‘career suicide’. Even where I agree that a candidate is a good person and can understand the principles of knowing someone’s abilities by observation as opposed to trying to establish them on a 40 minute interview, I cannot help but think that places the onus on being a good selector via interview as opposed to hedging bets on...
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