...CIPA: Internet Filtering in Schools and Libraries Minors are being exposed to more adult content today due to the Internet. The Children’s Internet Protection Act (CIPA) was created to prevent children from accessing obscene or harmful content in schools and libraries. Yet there are groups that want to abolish the law because they feel it violates their first amendment rights of freedom of speech. CIPA is trying to protect children from viewing content not intended for them just like an R rated movie is not for children under seventeen years of age. Internet filters are needed in schools and libraries to keep minors from accessing sexually explicit, violent or otherwise adult in nature content. CIPA ("Federal Communications Commission: Children’s Internet Protection Act," 2014) was first passed into law in December of 2000. Schools and libraries that received federal E-Rate funding and discounts must certify that they have internet filtering to prevent minors from viewing obscene or harmful content. “Schools subject to CIPA have two additional certification requirements: 1) their Internet safety policies must include monitoring the online activities of minors; and 2) as required by the Protecting Children in the 21st Century Act, they must provide for educating minors about appropriate online behavior, including interacting with other individuals on social networking websites and in chat rooms, and cyberbullying awareness and response.”("Federal Communications Commission...
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...07/14/15 COPA and CIPA The main compliancy requirements for COPA are if you are operating an online service or commercial web site aimed at children 13 or less you must comply with the Children’s Online Privacy Act (COPA). To determine this the FTC considers a lot of different factors these include but are not limited to; age of models on the site, subject matter, visual and audio content and whether the site is using animated characters at all. To determine who the operator is the FTC will consider who owns and controls the information and what role the web site plays in its collection of information and maintaining. For CIPA Schools and Libraries may not receive discounts unless they certify that they have an internet safety policy that also includes technology protection measures. The protection must include filters to block obscene and harmful to minors. Before adapting this safety policy they must give a reasonable notice and hold a minimum of one public hearing to address the Proposal. The proposal must address the following; * Access to minors * The security of minors when they use e-mail, chat rooms or other electronic communication. * Unauthorized access by minors including hacking. * Unauthorized disclosure, use or discrimination * Measures to restrict minors access Schools and libraries get E-Rate funding only if they certify compliance with CIPA. The operator for COPA must post the privacy notice on the...
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...address concerns about access to offensive content over the Internet on school and library computers. Schools and libraries subject to CIPA may not receive the discounts offered by the E-rate program unless they certify that they have an Internet safety policy that includes technology protection measures. The protection measures must block or filter Internet access to pictures that are: ✓ obscene; ✓ child pornography; or ✓ harmful to minors (for computers that are accessed by minors). Before adopting this Internet safety policy, schools and libraries must provide reasonable notice and hold at least one public hearing or meeting to address the proposal. Whether a school or library filters any content besides the visual depictions defined in the law is a local decision. However, libraries that filter other content open themselves to potential legal challenges based on the blocking of constitutionally protected content. The law, while defining the type of images that need to be blocked, does not specify any particular software (client) programs, such as a Web browser, email, or chat software which must come under the scrutiny of the TPM. The term 'technology protection measure' means a specific technology that blocks or filters Internet access to visual depictions defined in the act. Recently, the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) and the Consortium for School Networking (CoSN) urged Congress to update CIPA to include requirements...
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...Mike Horn Hertz ENG 102 4 November 2010 Protecting the Virtual Environment After months of searching for a major, I finally discovered computer science. I had, at one point or another, intended to major in film, English education, physics, anthropology and nearly every other major offered. Following my father’s advice, I took a class in computer science and I instantly changed my major. According to the Department of Computer Science at Boston University, computer science is “the systematic study of the feasibility, structure, expression, and mechanization of the methodical processes (or algorithms) that underlie the acquisition, representation, processing, storage, communication of, and access to information, whether such information is encoded in bits and bytes in a computer memory or transcribed in genes and protein structures in a human cell.” Job growth significantly contributed to my decision on a major. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, careers requiring at least a B.S. in Computer Science are seeing the greatest amount of growth, and are expected to continue to do so through 2016. Also, people in this major tend to receive the greatest average starting salary at $65,000. However, the field is not without its problems. Because computing is so new and many laws have yet to form, the computer science environment faces ethical issues such as intellectual ownership, security, and what can be published to the Internet. Currently, the field...
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...Act, 2001. Children are around computers most of the time. Computers are becoming part of our lives not only for grownups but for our children and adolescents too. Some children might not have a computer at home but they use one in school. Where there is a computer there is internet. The internet connects computers, cell phones, mainframes and any internet ready enabled device. Anyone, as long as they have an internet enabled device can use the internet. The internet is a massive public spiderweb of computer connections (Gil, 2012). Since anyone regardless of age can use the internet without any form of knowing who or what age they are they can browse any webpage they want. They can see explicit online content and even some online nudity. There is much internet pornography online and is open to anyone whom clicks on their link. It is no wonder the congress came up with the Children Internet Protection Act and Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act. Former President Bill Clinton signed into law The Children Internet Protection Act, which was formed by Congress in 2000. The Children Internet Protection Act is a federal law made to protect children. Children cannot access the internet to see offensive content while they are on the internet in school or...
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...Internet Protection Act, 2001. Computers are becoming part of our lives not only for grownups but for our children and adolescents too. Some children might not have a computer at home but they use one in school. Where there is a computer there is internet. The internet connects computers, cell phones, mainframes and any internet ready enabled device. Anyone, as long as they have an internet enabled device can use the internet. The internet is a massive public spiderweb of computer connections (Gil, 2012). Since anyone regardless of age can use the internet without any form of knowing who or what age they are they can browse any webpage they want. They can see explicit online content and even some online nudity. There is much internet pornography online and is open to anyone whom clicks on their links. It is no wonder that congress came up with the Internet Protection Act and the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act, they are in place to protect children. The Children’s Internet Protection Act, which was formed by Congress in 2000, was signed into law by our former President Bill Clinton. This law is a federal law made to protect children. Children cannot access the internet to see offensive content while they are on the internet in school or library computers. Schools and libraries are to place...
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...Censorship, a Problem Solver Practicing censorship is the safest way to let kids do what they want to do. Censorship filters horrible things on the television, internet browsers, phones, social media, and etc. In the book Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury shows how censorship can be effective to a society. In Fahrenheit 451 Montag turns his back on his society and follows what he thinks is right. Our nation needs censorship. Censorship helps end racism, prevents military corruption, and protects kids. Racism is a worldwide issue that someone needs to put an end to. “This is great literature.But there (are so many) racial slurs in there and offensive wording that you can’t get past that,” the parent,said. The quote is a parent complaining about how the books To Kill a...
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...WMRC Greening School’s Green Chemistry Lesson Glue From Milk GS005-008 Objectives 1. Examine how a chemical reaction can change into a new product, 2. Understand how renewable resources can be used in our everyday lives Materials • • • • • • • • • • • • • 2 one-ounce medicine cups Safety goggles Plastic spoon (reuse) Basket-type coffee filter 2 9-once clear (reusable) plastic cups 3-quart package of powdered non-fat milk 1 ½ cups vinegar 8 ounce box of baking soda set of measuring spoons Measuring cup Hot water (1/3 – ½ cup) Plastic or newspaper (to cover table if necessary) Paper for gluing Towels for cleanup Green Chemistry Principles • • Safety first and last Use renewable resources IL State Standards (Science) 11.A, 12.B, 12.C, 12.E, 13.B • Levels Middle School (Use as a demonstration for elementary school) Vocabulary Curd, Whey, Casein, Rennin Time One class period Overview Utilizing renewable resources in the classroom visually illustrates the principles of Green Chemistry. The Milk and Glue activity demonstrates to the students that you can take a renewable resource-milk in this case, and through a chemical reaction, turn it into a usable product such as glue. The activity also shows the students that chemistry can be fun. One batch of glue will be made, although this glue does not have a long shelf life. Procedure 1. 2. 3. 4. Measure ¼ cup of hot water Pout into a clear 9-ounce cup Add 2 tablespoons of powdered mil to the water and...
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...(National Library of Medicine [NLM], 2014). PubMed is a free database that includes the MedLine database plus in-progress citations, citations to articles that are out-of-scope, ahead of print citations, etc. PubMed citations often offer links to the full-text article (NLM, 2014). The PubMed website has a page that helps you use their search engine. You can search by key concepts, author, and journal name. You can also apply filters to your research to narrow it to journals only. Another tool that PubMed offers is the Clinical Queries tool; this allows you to narrow your research to clinical searches only. Finally, in order to find high-quality citations– usually the ones that come from the MedLine database- PubMed allows you to add MeSH to your search filters (National Center for Biotechnology Information, 2005). When using the PubMed website, I would make sure that the journal citations come from the MedLine database; this way I would know that the citations are original and reliable. Also, to make my search faster, I would add MeSH to my search filters. ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Source ProQuest is a major provider of academic databases. Its...
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...Pornography on Public Library Computers An Ethical Controversy by Bret Clancy Ever since the fall of man the seed of immorality has continued to grow, adapt, and morph like the influenza virus. Pornography is one of those immoral viruses that persistently sicken societies. Scientists continue to make vaccines against the illness and while some are more effective than others, none of them have ever cured the illness. The same can be said of pornography. Defining pornography is not black and white. There are a variety of definitions for pornography and some definitions are used by individuals to help their cases when taking legal action. Merriam-Webster defines pornography as, “the depiction of acts in a sensational manner so as to arouse a quick intense emotional reaction” (merriam-webster.com). Merriam-Webster describes pornography in a docile manner making it appear inviting. The Oxford dictionary defines pornography in a more intense visual cue of the actual intent. The definition states pornography is, “printed or visual material containing the explicit description or display of sexual organs or activity, intended to stimulate sexual excitement” (oxforddictionaries.com). Dictionary.com defines pornography as, “obscene writings, drawings, photographs, or the like, especially those having little or no artistic merit” (dictionary.reference.com). They appeal to the artistic aspect of pornography by stating that pornography is not art because of the obscene nature...
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...prerogative. Now with that power, comes the responsibility to understand that there will be extremes and to balance and weigh the credibility of the sources we are provided with. Freedom of speech and freedom of information are two ideals, no, rights that our country was founded upon. Regulation of the internet would infringe upon our first amendment rights and therefore cannot be considered. We live in a great democracy with many rights and freedoms that other citizens of the world don’t have. Internet regulation is the process of the government monitoring and filtering where we can go and what we can see on the internet. This is already happening in countries like China, who have been very outspoken about the United States push to encourage open web policies (Clinton). So who is pushing for legislation like this in the United States? Not surprisingly the two pieces of legislation that were proposed earlier this year, Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) and Protect IP Act (PIPA) were both brought to Congress with the backing of large corporations like the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and the Movie Picture Association of America (MPAA). Internet piracy is the main reason that large corporations like the RIAA is pushing for this type of regulation of the internet. However bills like SOPA and PIPA went above and beyond the norms of controlling...
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...Information Technology and Protecting Children Because of the advancements in technology access to the Internet is widespread; schools and libraries around the nation are using the Internet as an educational tool. Because of the endless amount of unknown content online, Congress ensured children’s personal data is protected and that “obscene and violent material is screened out” (Abrahamson, 2002, p. 50) by passing Acts such as COPPA, The Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act, 1998 and CIPAThe Children’s Internet Protection Act, 2000. Protecting children’s personal data from collection without parent or guardian consent is the intent of COPPA. CIPA addresses worries regarding children’s access to obscene or damaging subject matter on the Internet in schools and community libraries. Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act “COPPA was enacted to restrict the manner and amount of personal data collected on children under 13 by web sites targeted at children” (Abrahamson, 2002, p. 50). COPPA provides rules for companies that gather or may gather marketing data that identify children. Personal data includes any information that would permit physical or online contact with that child. Singer (2012) Almost every child possesses a computer in his or her home or pocket making it harder for parents to monitor what information children are distributing online. Many sites and applications offer children the opportunity to upload pictures or videos of themselves, to graft themselves...
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...The Tools of Network Security Name Date Class Professor School Introduction Network security can be hard in the environment of constantly changing technology. Strong protection does not have one simple solution. Anyone who is concerned with the protection of their computer, data, or network needs to be ready to spend time researching their specific needs to protect all the different layers and domains that can be attacked. The areas that need the most attention are port scanning, protocol analysis, vulnerability tests, intrusion prevention, firewall use, VPN security, internet filtering, and password recovery. Users need to become proactive when it comes to their network’s security by knowing what tools are the best for the job and being able to implement these tools quickly and correctly. Port Scanning Port scanning and IP scanning is an important step towards network security. A port scanner checks for available virtual ports on your network and can identify if they are open or closed. Finding out which ports are open allows network administrators to take appropriate protective actions by closing or blocking traffic to and from those open (Network Security Tools, 2013). Nmap is the major tool of choice for most network administrators. It is an affordable choice because it is a free open source tool. Nmap supports most operating systems and comes in wither a traditional command line interface or GUI version (Nmap, 2013). Nmap works by using raw IP packets...
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...internal connections services from the Universal Service Fund (USF), school and library authorities must certify that they are enforcing a policy of Internet safety that includes measures to block or filter Internet access for both minors and adults to certain visual depictions. The relevant authority with responsibility for administration of the eligible school or library must certify the status of its compliance for the purpose of CIPA in order to receive USF support. CIPA requirements are: technology protection measure, internet safety policy, and public notice and hearing. A technology protection measure (Internet filtering software) is a specific technology that block of filters access. It must protect against access by adults and minors to visual depictions that are obscene, child pornography, or with respect to use of computers with Internet access by minors, harmful to minors. For schools, the policy must include monitoring the online activities of minors. Internet safety policy must address: access by minors to inappropriate matter on the Internet and World Wide Web, the safety and security of minors when using electronic mail and other forms of direct electronic communications unauthorized access including hacking and other unlawful activities by minors online, and measures designed to restrict minors’ access to materials harmful to minors. The authority with responsibility for administration of the school or library must provide reasonable public notice and hold at least...
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...Internet censorship is the use of filters or ‘blocks’ to control what is published, access and viewed across the internet. It is used by parents, organisations such as schools and corporations and governments to restrict what their citizen’s access and post online. Internet censorship has occurred since the early days of the public internet, where governments around the world have attempted to address the issue of illegal material, political propaganda, harmful material or content deemed unsuitable for children. This essay will discuss the instances of internet censorship failing to work, including when governments have attempted to introduce legislation to restrict access to the internet, and the reasons for the failure. Censorship across the globe will be briefly covered as well as techniques governments which have filters in place use to censor information. Many countries practice internet censorship, where the internet is tightly controlled and speaking your mind on it can get you in serious trouble with the government. According to USA Today, North Korea has the most tightly controlled internet , with all websites being under control by their government. It is so tight that only 4% of the population has access to the internet. Appendix A shows how accessible the internet is in countries. Another highly controlling country is China, where the government severely restricts internet access to their citizens by blocking social media websites such as Facebook, Twitter and...
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