...Austin Day Criminal Justice 1010 Capital Punishment: Execution by the State 12/8/2011 History of the Death Penalty The first death penalty laws date back to the Eighteenth Century B.C. The death penalty was punishable for 25 different crimes. The death penalty also dates back to the Fourteenth Century when it was punishable for any kind of crimes. In the Fifth Century, death sentences were administered by ways such as drowning, beating to death, burning alive or even crucifixion and in the Tenth Century A.D. hangings became the main method of execution. During the Sixteenth Century, under the power of Henry VIII, 72,000 people were executed by boiling, hanging, beheading, and boiling. People were executed if they had failed to report a crime or committed treason. During the 1700s, even small crimes were punished by death. These crimes included stealing or even cutting down a tree. A total of 222 crimes were punishable by death (“Part I: History of the Death Penalty”). Capital punishment in America was heavily influenced by Britain. When settlers came to the new world, they brought the form of capital punishment with them. Captain George Kendall was the first recorded execution in the United States for being accused of being a spy for Spain. This occurred in 1608, while in 1612 the Divine, Moral and Martial Laws were created, allowing capital punishment to be enforced for the smallest of crimes such as trading with Indians. The death penalty varied from colony to...
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...Homicide Homicide Forensic science plays a huge part in our criminal justice system today. But where did it get its start? What procedures are utilized today to help investigators solve our everyday mysteries when it comes to crimes? In addition, what forensic aspects in the video “Welcome to Homicide” were used to finally get a confession of murder? This paper will discuss these topics and elaborate on some of the key evidence that was used to close this particular case. First, let’s begin with where and when forensics is aid to have gotten its start. The basic sciences began to develop in the late 18th century, and many of the early developments in forensic sciences took place during the 19th century (Gaensslen & Larsen, 2013). People long ago did not have technological and scientific advancements that we take for granted in the forensic sciences today. Instead, they mostly relied on forced confessions and testimonies of witnesses. This, naturally, allowed for many criminals to walk free while a lot of innocents were wrongfully convicted. The first known instance of forensics being used was in the year 1248. A Chinese man, called a death investigator, used experimentation to determine that a victim's fatal blow had resulted from the strike of a sickle (Dirkmaat, 2012). What we think of today as forensic science may have been born in China, but truly developed in Europe during the 1700's. German medical experts, Swedish chemists, and Italian surgeons wrote...
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...Juvenile Justice Progress and Corrections Pedro J. Ramirez CJA/374 August 12, 2014 Victor Candelario - Vega Juvenile Justice Progress and Corrections In Henderson NV, Colleen M., who is 15, has been arrested for the homicide of her next door neighbor. Colleen was arrested on the probable cause that she through a liquid substance on the neighbor during an altercation over an ongoing dispute over Colleen’s dog. Colleen was transported to the Clark County Juvenile Hall for intake and booking on a homicide hold. During the intake process Colleen underwent an examination by a detention center nurse and was required to submit to a drug and alcohol screening. She was read her Miranda Rights, despite previously being informed of her right to remain silent and to have an advocate or legal representation to be present during any questioning. A Juvenile Assistant District Attorney will review the facts known and discovered at the time of initial intake, collected directly from Colleen during the interview, and any investigative findings that maybe discovered. The facts learned from Colleen and the detectives show that Colleen has had an ongoing and escalating feud with the victim regarding her dog. Colleen has not had any prior arrests or contacts with the law, despite possessing a disregard for authority, which was discovered through Colleen’s admission that she has run away from her Aunts home on more than one occasion. The lack of any evidence that Colleen intended to kill her...
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...Derrick L. Jackson Cultural Diversity in Criminal Justice CRJS410 - 1304A - 01 Professor: Samantha Carlo Unit 1 Individual Project 1 July 25, 2013 Abstract Within this paper a report is written for the California Chief Attorney in efforts to support a presentation to the County Commission. Key components of victimology, history of victimology, theories, and differences between criminology and victimology are discussed. The flagstaff of safe houses for abused women and children, along with our nation’s first rape crises center are highlighted. The contribution from our history’s civil rights movement and how it has played a part in the U.S. laws are explained, along with children’s rights groups and the problems child victims face in the criminal justice system. In the conclusion of this paper, readers will be given a path to take in regards to advocacy groups for victims. Before we begin to understand the concept of victimology I feel it is important to first understand the definition of a victim, and the history in which victimology stems from. To be a victim means that you are a person who individually or collectively, has suffered harm, including physical or mental injury, emotional suffering, economic loss or substantial impairment of your fundamental rights, through acts or omissions that are in violation of criminal laws operative within member state, including those laws proscribing criminal abuse of power (UN Declaration 1985 on Basic Principles of Justice for Victims...
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...Difference Between Criminal Law & Civil Law Amanda Wenta The Paralegal Professional February 28, 2013 Unit 8 Assignment The Paralegal Professional Amanda Wenta The differences in dealing with Criminal Law and Civil Law are that dealing with someone or maybe a business, who commits violations against statutes. Civil law has to do with lawsuits that are non-criminal such as divorce, contracts, injuries in an accident, and things of that nature. In criminal law, the accountability has to be “Beyond a reasonable doubt” in order for anyone to be convicted of the crime. This means that there has to be a considerable amount of evidence towards the person or company, and that they question the guilt very little or not at all. In this type of case, if the jury doesn’t come up with a unanimous decision of guilty or not guilty, it causes a mistrial in the case. In a civil case, the balance of probability has to be proved that an incident occurred. Once it has been proved, the person or company involved in the lawsuit can be convicted. Basically, in these types of cases, the outcome really depends on who has the best evidence. If a person is a threat to society or what they have done has caused harm to someone that would be considered Criminal law. For example, the Jeffrey Dahmer case is an example of a Criminal case because he was threat to society being that he was a serial killer. If a single person or company is being sued by a single person or company...
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...t Stand Your Ground Laws Name Institution Date Abstract The dissension encompassing Stand Your Ground laws have recently seized the nation’s heed. So far about eighteen regimes have accepted laws extending the right to ‘self-defense with no duty to retreat’ to any region a person has a legal right to be. Several governments are also debating the passing of similar legislation. Inspite of implications that the laws may have for public well-being, there has been less empirical investigation of their impact, not only on crime but also on victimization. This laws makes it easier for some people to use deadly force when their “reasonably fears” result in serious injury at the hands of others. In such cases, those persons may be entitled to immunity from prosecution and civil liability. In fact, these laws usually confer powers that police have on private citizens, without the need of training kind and accountability. Before the Stand Your Ground laws, right to use deadly force was strictly not allowed. An individual had to show that it was reasonable to believe that the use of such force was necessary to prevent sudden death or great harm to himself or herself or another or to prevent the imminent commission of a forcible ‘felony’. Only when a person was attacked in his home by a person not having an equal right to be there, she/he had a duty to retreat if he/she could do so in safety. Florida was unambiguous in protecting human beings.an individual under...
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...present-day principles of legal punishment, such as the inadmissibility of corporal punishment, nowadays accepted both in the Islamic world and the West. Islamic criminal law, and especially the law ofh.ud¯ ud, has a highly symbolic value and its introduction is regarded by many Muslims as the litmus test for a real Islamisation of the legal system. The Nimeiri regime in the Sudan, for instance, introduced flogging as a possible punishment for all offences mentioned in the Penal Code. The spectacle of public executions,amputations and floggings symbolises the supreme power of the regime and the futility of resistance against it.(CONCLUSION) The second reason why adopting Islamic criminal law might be attractive for a regime is that the way homicide is tried under Islamic criminal law is closer to the sense of justice of large parts of the population in the Islamic world. As we saw, legal proceedings for...
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...Social Problems Associated with Street Gangs Gangs are becoming prevalent in today’s society and within our schools. More and more young people are turning to gangs in an attempt to escape their everyday lives and the future, which they perceive as dismal and bleak. They are initially attracted to the prestige and cash flow, which is glamorized by the street gang. Many gangs are actively involved in criminal misconduct, such as drug and gun trafficking, burglaries and homicides. However, street gangs are not just a criminal justice issue, but a social problem, which is triggered by poverty, peer pressure, boredom, despair and lacking a sense of belonging. A street gang can be defined as “an organized social system that is both quasi-private (not fully open to the public) and quasi-secretive (much of the information concerning its business remains confined with the group) and one whose size and goals have necessitated that social interaction be governed by a leadership structure that has defined roles; where the authority associated with these roles has been legitimized to the extent that social codes are operational to regulate the behavior of both the leadership and the rank and file; that plans and provides not only for the social and economic services of its members, but also for its own maintenance as an organization; that pursues such goals irrespective of whether the action is legal or not; and that lacks a bureaucracy (i.e., an administrative staff that is hierarchically...
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...CRJ 311 Entire Course (Ash) FOR MORE CLASSES VISIT www.crj311nerd.com CRJ 311 Week 1 Assignment The CSI Effect CRJ 311 Week 1 DQ 1 Peer Review CRJ 311 Week 1 DQ 2 Your First Scene CRJ 311 Week 1 Journal You're an Expert! CRJ 311 Week 2 Assignment Conducting Your Own Field Sobriety Test CRJ 311 Week 2 DQ 1 Drugs and Scheduling CRJ 311 Week 2 DQ 2 Field Sobriety Tests CRJ 311 Week 2 Journal SANE or Not CRJ 311 Week 3 Assignment Case Study Analysis The Enrique Camarena Case CRJ 311 Week 3 DQ 1 Hair Evidence CRJ 311 Week 3 DQ 2 Arson Dogs CRJ 311 Week 3 Journal Professional Painter CRJ 311 Week 4 Assignment What's Your Impression CRJ 311 Week 4 DQ 1 Bite Mark Evidence CRJ 311 Week 4 DQ 2 Fingerprint Evidence CRJ 311 Week 4 Journal Cold Case Investigation CRJ 311 Week 5 DQ 1 Blood Patterns CRJ 311 Week 5 DQ 2 DNA Evidence CRJ 311 Week 5 Final Paper CRJ 311 Week 5 Journal Cold Case Investigation ======================================================== CRJ 311 Week 1 Assignment The CSI Effect (Ash) FOR MORE CLASSES VISIT www.crj311nerd.com Read “Fact or Fiction?; The Jury is Still Out on the CSI Effect; A TV-Insprired Interest in Forensics Has Left the Courtroom Vulnerable to Junk Science,” which is located in the ProQuest database in the Ashford Online Library. What is the CSI Effect, and do you believe it is a legitimate concern? In your paper, address the following: Summarize the CSI Effect and evaluate if it is a legitimate concern. ...
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...Something needs to be done about the media, and all the violence that is promoted, and being viewed by our youth all over the world. The media has no regard for our youth, and the influence they have on them. In my opinion, it is all about the money, and the ratings. There is a bigger issue out there besides both of those things. Our youth is being exposed to so much violence; they are becoming immune to it. Today, it is the norm for them. All media is to blame, but in my opinion, electronic media is the biggest culprit. The youth of today are being consumed by all types of electronic devices. Violence is big business in the media. No matter if it is Facebook, YouTube, music on an IPod, internet radio, MySpace, or any other of the sites on the internet or electronic devices, violence is present in some way or another. There are youth out there in society that are committing heinous violent acts, just for the fun of it. What I want to know is when did violence become fun? Kids listen to gangster rap, and believe everything they hear. (Dawursk Jr 2007) In 1994, two teenagers that murdered a police officer from Milwaukee, stated, they did it “just for the fun of it”, because they were influenced by “2Pacalypes Now”, a song by @ Pac Shakur. Everywhere you look, there is a kid walking with some type of electronic device, with ear plugs on. (International Telecommunication Union) In 2008 61% of the world population uses cell phones, in 2000 only 12% used cell phones. The cell phones...
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...Criminal Justice Home JUS 515 Prof. Vivian December 09, 2015 Police Storefronts Essay During the 1980s and 90s in response to the rising crime and the lack of police manpower, improvements were called for, community policing, “broken windows” policing, “pulling levers” policing, problem-oriented policing, hot spots policing, third party policing, evidence-based policing and Compstat. Police really hate change especially police departments, when it comes to implanting new programs. In the inner-city residents is trying hard to stay “street cred” in order to curb violence. The violence is all about drugs and money, the base cost of this is poverty, disrupted families, lack of opportunity and hopelessness exacerbate youth violence. Homicide was on the rise within poor African American neighborhoods and the leading cause of death among young men. Big cities like White Plains, New York are a typical example with all the downtown developments, where the rich hang out with the poor, where gangs flourished. The FBI conducted a study on violent crimes and between 2005 and 2006, crime increased across the United States. In 2006 violence exploded in White Plains, a fatal gang-related stabbing in March, a fatal shooting in May and in September 2 youth involved stabbings, all occurred in the heart of downtown. During the White Plains Experience the first session consisted of the Youth-Police Initiative (YPI) where young black men and police officers were assigned to the NCU to discuss...
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...12/17/2014 Professor Anderson Back in the eighteenth century America was drastically different than what it is today. Then, Americans would have to build their own houses, raise cattle, sow seeds, make their own clothing just to sustain themselves; let alone the people around them. Now, we go into the nearest department store for our clothes, grocery store for food, and call a real estate agent to buy a new home. If America’s founding fathers were to travel in time to the present day, I think that they would be proud of our country’s ingenuity with how far we advanced ourselves in a couple hundred years, and our diversity. However, I also think that they would be disappointed in the way we interpret our rights, and rapid degeneration of our natural resources. Out of all of our founding fathers, our early inventors such as Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson would be exceptionally happy in American’s ingenuity. Since World War II, the U.S. has led the world in research and development spending; As a result of this investment the United States has continued to lead the world in aerospace, the Internet, computer science, health care, engineering as well as many other industries (Smith). Our world is now interconnected with social media, so that any news can be shared in an instant, and just as fast as information is being shared, new technology is being improved. From radios, to T.V.’s, and movies we now have cell phones that you can do all of that on while texting your...
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...The UK Public Services have an obligation to guarantee that they give a support of ALL segments of the group that is free from inclination and segregation, and gives meet access to the majority of their administrations. Illustrations of these administrations incorporate instruction and preparing, job, furthermore lodging the privilege to be shielded from crime. Notwithstanding fulfilling the necessities of the services, individuals in the UPS are required to deal with their own associations, and the work force inside of them. This incorporates showing that they are providing equal opportunities. As we have effectively found, the Metropolitan Police welcomes applications from an extensive variety of residents. Each Public Service needs to guarantee that their enrollment strategies don't victimize any part of society, and that all applications are managed decently; this reasonableness should likewise shape the premise of the professions that open administration work force accomplish. The Open administrations of the UK utilize an extensive variety of strategies to guarantee that their approaches and techniques offer workers and others the best chance of getting fairness in the administrations they give. The British Army considers that advancing balance and differing qualities will enhance its operational viability, trusting it adjusts the privileges of the person with the requirements of the whole group. A large portion of people in general administrations in the UK uniformed bodies...
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...Each seems to have a welcome custom fitted to his or her own conditions, for example, an offer of business or an unforeseen late summer occasion. Where Emily Brent, General Macarthur, Tony Marston, and Judge Wargrave thinks that they are going to visit old friends, some also considered this as an opportunity for adventure and sport. They are welcomed by Thomas and Ethel Rogers, the steward and cook, who informs the guests that their hosts, Mr Ulick Norman Owen and his better half Mrs Una Nancy Owen, have not yet...
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...Welcome To Homicide Anthony Clay CRJ 311 Forensics Professor: Gary Naylor January 8, 2017 Forensic science, has been around for quite some time now. In this paper I will include insight into the role of forensic science, the applications of forensic science for use within the evaluation and/or processing of major crime scenes, and its role in the criminal justice system. Brief history of forensic science. Forensic science dates back all the to the 18th century. “One of the earliest pioneers of forensic science was a Spanish doctor, Mathieu Joseph Bonaventure Orfila (1787–1853)” (Gaensslen & Larsen, 2013, pg. 1.2). Mathieu is known as the father of forensic toxicology. His primary focus was in forensic science, his work influenced the development of modern day criminalistics labs. He was also was...
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