...ArtH 111 Midterm Study Guide 1. Menkaure & Khamerernebty • Context-religious This is a Ka sculpture. In Egyptian culture, there is the notion that an energy/spirit/soul, the Ka, survived after the actual body expired. Even though there was no longer a body, the Ka would continue to need shelter and sustenance; the Ka would inhabit the mummy to receive offering from family, worshippers, etc. Because mummies were frequently stolen or destroyed, Ka sculptures were made in case the Ka spirit needed a new shelter. The family could ten continue to bring offerings to the Ka. • Style-period This piece is of the Egyptian Old Kingdom style. It is a freestanding piece, but connected by back to the Greywacke block; this is very characteristic of the period style. As for the form, it is also characteristic in the manner that bilateral symmetry prevails, there are harmonious proportions, and how the lines work to keep the human figure compact. It is also characteristic of the Egyptian Old Kingdom style in the manner of how the portrait establishes a standard representation of Kingship and Queenship. They carry themselves as royalty, are wearing distinctive high status clothing (Headdresses, false beard), and the female’s “womanhood” is very apparent (swollen belly, full breasts, pubic triangle). 2. The Apoxyomenos (“The Scraper”) • Materials The Greek original of this piece was a bronze. Unfortunately, like many other pieces of the time, it was melted down. What...
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...the Church was damaged by American Bombing runs while the belfry and the rectory were totally destroyed. A different Belfry was was later built by Msgr. Cesar Alcoseba in 1979 while a new rectory was built in the mid-1970 by Fr. Arturo Tecson. The church is a single-nave cruciform structure that stands along the highway facing the old municipal hall and plaza. Much of the interiors are already contemporary although the original façade has been retatained except for its rectangular pediment which was originally triangular. This Façade is the church’s central attraction, the only one in Cebu that so heavily embellished with motifs and symbols in Bas relief uniquely combining Islamic and indigenous Central American or Mexican Influences called “tequiterqui´. Right above the main entrance, at the center of the façade, is a low relief depicting the first mass in Cebu. Surrounding it is inscribed the year “1521” and the Latin words “Praedicate Evangeliun omni Creaturae”. Buttresses that are capped with minaret-shaped domes support all the four sides of the church. A contemporary belfry whose design is totally incongruous to that of the church stands freely beside it. Right behind near the rectory, is a badly-proportioned statue of San Franciso de Asis lording over the parking area. ( Source: Balaang bahandi) Mark Raphael...
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...• The Ara Pacis is an outstanding piece of artwork which truly exhibits the prosperity and success that was achieved by Augustus. The Ara Pacis was commissioned by the Roman Senate in 13 B.C. and was completed four years later in 9 B.C. The artist of the sculpture is unknown, but it is sought to be a Greek sculptor or a Roman that was trained by a Greek sculptor. This is due to the intricate detail and how well the Greeks were known for sculpting. The piece of artwork I am focusing on is the Tellus Panel which is located on the southeast side of the Ara Pacis. The size of the artwork is 9.68 ft. wide and 6.79 ft. tall. The medium is pure white Luna marble; the primary layer of the artwork is not covered in brick like many other structures in this time period. The iconography of the artwork is “peace” which is created through the various elements of nature. This is shown in the in each of the three figures depicted. In the center of the sculpture there is a predominant motherly figure which is believed to be Tellus, the Roman Goddess which represents “Earth.” On the figure’s lap there are two infants which portray the character in an extremely devoted and caring light. Many scholars believe that these two infants signify the future of Rome, and could possibly be the founders of the city, Romulus and Remus. The motherly character is gently looking down at the two infants in a tremendously tender manner. This subtle gesture represents peace across the entire Roman Empire. On each...
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...Michelle Cabirac ARS 101 1/30/12 Essay #1 The relief sculpture of the pharaoh Akhenaten, Nefertiti and three Daughters, along with the relief sculpture of Mai and Urel emerged from the eighteenth dynasty during the New Kingdom, and commenced a brief artistic revolution in Egyptian art. These two sculptures portrayed a sense of realism that was never seen before in the earlier/ancestral Egyptian artwork. By comparing and contrasting the two relief sculptures one can achieve a better sense of what each piece of art was trying to express. By examining both the relief sculptures of Akhenaten, Nefertiti and three Daughters, and Mai and Urel, several differences can be depicted. Many of these unlike characteristics involve a representation of the human form and appearance. At the top of the sculpture of Akhenaten, Nefertiti and three Daughters, appears a sun disk with rays angling down on all of them to represent the God of Aton. However, no such reference to Aton can be found in the sculpture of Mai and Urel. Next, the figures are seated facing one another in the sculpture of Akhenaten, Nefertiti and three Daughters, while the figures are both facing right in the sculpture of Mai and Urel. In addition, the Akhenaten, Nefertiti and three Daughters sculpture clearly has a reference to offspring. In the sculpture of Mai and Urel no children seem to appear. A few other contrasting characteristics of these two relief sculptures involve specifically the human form. The figures...
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...There are pronounced differences between the 2.42-foot tall bronze representation of Shiva Nataraja from 13th century India by a Hindu, and the 4.46-foot long wooden Sea Lion Feast Bowl carved by the Kwakuitl culture of British Columbia in the 1800s. The Kwakiutl culture carved many large wooden feast bowls into the shapes of animals they valued and respected (Tinterow, Kwakiutl). This one is a toothy sea lion, with an eagle head at its tail. The bronze sculpture was cast in the likeness of Shiva, the destroyer, in their form as Shiva Nataraja, the god of music and dance (Tinterow, Hindu). The Shiva is bronze that has oxidized to a very dark green, so it is monochrome (Shiva Nataraja). The bowl is brown wood, and was painted with red, green, and black, but the pigments have faded with time (Sea Lion Feast Bowl). On the bowl, emphasis is created by only detailing the sea lion’s features and, to a lesser extent, the eagle’s head. The rest of the bowl is smooth and attracts less attention. Emphasis is unutilized in the Shiva sculpture. Shiva is asymmetrical from all angles, while the bowl is only symmetrical from an overhead view. The Shiva is by an unknown artist from 13th century India, during the Chola dynasty. The Chola dynasty was marked by a flourishing of the Hindu religion and culture, during which many representations of their deities were created as temple figures (Shiva Nataraja). The sculpture was then possibly made to visually depict Shiva and his attributes as a god...
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...only thing remaining would be its ashes, or you could burry the body which is known as inhumation. In ancient western civilizations, deciding wether to burry or burn the body was determined by the tradition and culture of a civilization in a particular period of time. Although the method of commemorating the dead varied throughout different societies, it was clearly an important topic to all ancient Mediterranean societies. Due to its importance, a lot of cultures devoted a great amount of time to create marvelous artefacts that would commemorate the dead. A great example of this was the Roman sarcophagus, which was widely used during the 2 century A.D. This bathtub shaped coffin made of marble usually adorned by intricate detailed high relief sculptures was often seen as an astounding work of art yet it was part of what was really known as a mass market industry that had great economical influence in the Roman Empire. In this paper I will focus on how some funerary art, more specifically the Roman Sarcophagi were a clear example of how a design product that was part of a business ended up rising to the level of art. Take for instance The Triumph of Dionysus and the four seasons , an outstanding funerary Roman sarcophagus made of marble The Triumph of Dionysus and the four seasons is a great example of an outstanding Roman funerary art piecev 1. The Marble Sarcophagus of Dionysus is an antique object made of pure white marble. The sarcophagus is approximately 47...
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...Sketches That record an idea or provide info about something the artist has seen Plans or preparatory sketches More complex projects such as building, functional designs, sculptures, paintings, plays… Receptive drawing To draw something from observation Projective drawing To draw something from memory or imagination Contour lines Lines that only describe the edges of forms/objects Hatching A series of parallel lines that are used to create value ina drawing Cross hatching A series of parallel lines that cross over other lines perpendicular to them. Used to build value Cross contour lines parallel lines that curve over an object’s surface in a vertical or horizontal manner (or both) to create the illusion of mass Pigment powdered coloring material Dry media Abrasive, scratch across a paper depositing particles wherever they come into contact with the surface Liquid Media Particles of pigment suspended in fluid that flow onto the surface freely Ex: INK Dry media Metal point Pencil/graphite Charcoal Conté crayon Pastels Metal Point Drawing with thin metal wires Charcoal Burnt wood Not shiny black Conté Crayon Graphite grounded into a powder and dyed into a stick Pastels High-end pigments Also bound in a wax stick Wash Ink thinned with water to create areas of tone Media medium Drawing materials Fluid/ wet media 6 pics have to name which media it is Drawing media & pastel Fluid media & ink wash Italian...
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...Al Niño Armesin HUMN 1 (TUETH 1:30-3:00) February 26, 2013 Carcar City Museum 1. Research on who commissioned the construction of the Plaza Rotunda, Rizal monument, Pool, and Dispensary. Please include the year the structures were established. * During the American period from 1922 to 1938, the then Mayor Mariano Mercado built several notable public structures. 2. What era was most of the town houses built? * American period Carcar Church 1. Name of parish church and date founded. * St. Catherine's Church, 1859 2. When was it built and completed * The church was built 129 years ago, right after its foundation. It took 6 years to complete its construction (1965). 3. What sculptures do you see outside the church? Please name them all. On the sculptures, what form, process, and type of media used? * The sculptures that were very noticeable were the freestanding sculptures of the 12 Disciples of Christ, made from concrete which were made in the process of modelling/molding. 4. It is said that the Greek Orthodox style inspires the main facade of the parish church. Research on Greek Orthodox architecture and as well as its relation to the facade of the Parish Church. * The Greek Orthodox style inspires the main facade of the parish church because the domes of the two bell towers are similar to the bell towers of churches of the Greek Orthodox religion. Sibonga Church 1. Name of parish and date founded. ...
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...- Pencil - Graphite - Charcoal - Binder – Crayon – Chalk - Pastel - Oil Stick - Conte crayon - Fluid media: Pen and ink Brush and ink Quill = feather Nib and stylus - type of pen. Stylus is the stick that holds the nib. Nib carries the ink. Brush and ink - Wash – II. Paint: Components of paint: 1. pigment - 2. vehicle - binder Types of painting : Fresco - Buon fresco - Fresco Secco - Encaustic - Tempera - Gesso - a ground made of powdered chalk or plaster and animal glue. Oil paint - Glazing - Impasto - Acrylic - Watercolor - Gouache - III. Printmaking: Advantage over drawing and painting ? Matrix - Four categoriesof print: 1. Relief, 2. Intaglio, 3.Lithography, 4. Serigraphy Relief: Woodcut - Linocut - Intaglio: Engraving - (burin?) Drypoint - Etching - Lithography: Serigraphy: IV. Photography: Greek roots - to write with light. Photosensitive - Lens - Print - Camera - Aperture - Shutter - Stop - Two things that determine the amount of light that reaches the film: 1. Size of aperture (stop) 2. Shutter speed Telephoto - Wide angle - Film - Film negative - Camera obscura - Daguerreotype - Daguerre and Niepce, early 1800?s Talbot - photogenic drawing and calotype (first to use a negative) Contact print - V. Craft: Old English, craeft meaning "strength." Clay: Three main types of ceramics? glaze - kiln - potter's wheel terracotta- ...
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...The pitchers who receive the win and the loss are known, collectively, as the pitchers of record. A pitcher who starts a game but leaves without earning either a win or a loss (that is, before either team gains or surrenders the ultimate lead) is said to have received a no decision, regardless of his individual performance. A pitcher's total wins and losses are commonly noted together; for instance, a pitching record of 12–10 indicates 12 wins and 10 losses. In the early years of Major League Baseball before 1900 it was common for an exceptional pitcher to win 30 or more games in one season with Old Hoss Radbourn of the defunct Providence Grays holding the record with 59 wins in 1884. Since 1900, however, pitchers have made fewer and fewer starts and the standard has changed. Gradually, as hitting improved, better pitching was needed. This meant, among other things, throwing the ball much harder, and it became unrealistic to ask a pitcher to throw nearly as hard as he could for over 100 pitches a game without giving him several days to recover. In the first third of the 20th century (especially after the Live Ball Era), winning 30 games became the rare mark of excellent achievement; this standard diminished to 25 games during the 1940s through 1980s (the only pitcher to win 30 or more games during that time was Denny McLain in 1968, in what was an anomalous pitching-dominated season). Since 1990, this has changed even further, as winning 20 or more games in a single season...
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...critical functions: (1) they position the flight control surface in response to mechanical or electrical commands, and (2) they represent a principle structural element capable of withstanding flight loads and providing protection against flutter (unsteady, aerodynamic loads). The requirements of these two functions make PCU design a challenging task. At the heart of PCU is a servovalve and an actuator (servo actuator). The servovalve can be controlled by a flapper nozzle, jet pipe, solenoid, torque motor or mechanical linkage. Some PCUs contain only a servo actuator. However, PCUs often contain other components to meet performance and failure mode performance criteria. Other components typically found in PCUs are shutoff valves, pressure relief valves, input filter, check valves, and compensator. Another component that is often part of a PCU is one or more servos whose control is based on some performance criteria. These servos can be positioned electronically or by hydraulic pressure (where loss of hydraulic pressure allows a spring to position the servo). A simple PCU is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 Simple PCU Diagram This PCU shows the pressure input going through a filter to a shut off valve. If the shut off valve is open (as shown), then pressure is applied to a solenoid operated servovalve. When closed, the SOV ports pressure to return. The servovalve controls actuator position. (Typically, actuator position is measured by a LVDT on the actuator piston and fed back...
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...property. 28 But if he does not acquire the means to repay him, what he sold will remain in the possession of the buyer until the Year of Jubilee. It will be returned in the Jubilee, and he can then go back to his property” (NIV84). This biblical situation is almost identical to the one of heavily impoverish countries. Those heavily impoverish countries were unable to accomplish financial stability so the more fortunate countries gave back to them in the form of erasing debt. 2. What conditions do you believe should accompany debt relief to developing countries? I do believe there should be debt relief for developing countries. I think that the conditions that should accompany debt relief is that this should be ran by the person in authority of the developing country. I also think that the person in charge needs to be knowledge about the debt relief for this developing country. There are many other conditions that should accompany debt relief in developing countries. 3. Why has the application of the World Banks standard Structural Adjustment Policies been counter-productive in many developing...
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...economy by providing financial assistance to various social classes, both types of profit organizations must continue to uphold and maintain their values and standards at the highest level possible. Both profit organizations also have a responsibility to its customer base to live up to their actions simply by recognizing their purpose, owning up to their faults and conducting business in a professional and ethical manner. Lets take a look at the two types of profit organizations, the Navy and Marine Corps Relief Society and the Pepsi-Cola Company Inc. The Navy and Marine Corps Relief society is a non-profit organization headquartered in Arlington, Virginia. The Navy and Marine Corps Relief Society has approximately eighty-five branch offices located throughout the United States and eleven countries worldwide with a staff of 169 personnel, over 3,700 volunteers and over 50 nurses combined working diligently to provide assistance at moments notice. The Navy and Marine Corps Relief Society provides financial assistance and education to service members of the United States Navy, the Marine Corps, and their family members to also include widows of fallen service members. These funds are received through charitable donations and fundraisers that are used primarily to finance the programs, services and staff members who work to keep the organization afloat for the purpose of our service members who seek this form of assistance. The history of the organization has been a financial...
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...University of Phoenix Material Strategies for Selecting a Topic Complete the following table. |What two objects, people, subjects, or concepts are you going |The two people that I am going to compare and contrast are a | |to compare and contrast? |starting pitcher vs. a reliever. | |What are the similarities between the two objects, people, |They both pitch. | |subjects, or concepts? List as many similarities that you can |They both stand on the mount to pitch. | |think of. |Both can go a couple days before a next game. | | |Both have the same desire to strike the batter out. | |What are the differences between the two objects, people, |A starting pitcher goes longer then a reliever. A reliever is a | |subjects, or concepts? List as many differences that you can |pitcher who specializes. Starting pitchers have a better mental | |think of. |thought then relievers because they see the batter more than once. | | |They also both work out differently in order to build stamina. | |Are you going to focus on similarities, differences, or both...
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...When is it bankruptcy fraud? Bankruptcy serves a vital role in the economy. Without bankruptcy, some debtors would never be able to dig their way out of debt. With no ability to discharge debts, they would have to pay their debt by going to prison. At the very least, debtors with no way out could never recover and become contributing members of society. Bankruptcy should be viewed as a tool for those that intend to repay their debts but ultimately can’t. Unfortunately, there are a few that try to cheat the system. This is known as bankruptcy fraud. The bankruptcy process is complex, and there are many regulations in place to make sure it isn’t taken advantage of. While many who commit bankruptcy fraud do it on purpose, there are some who do it in ignorance. Here are a few things to keep in mind in order to avoid bankruptcy fraud. Types of bankruptcy fraud Bankruptcy is intended to be for those that cannot repay their debts on their own. Consequently, there is a limit to how much income a bankruptcy filer can make. There are many different types of income and all of them must be declared in the bankruptcy. Failing to report income, either on purpose or on accident could result in your case being thrown out. In order to prevent bankruptcy from being misused, there is a limit to how often a person may file for bankruptcy. Falsifying information in order to file bankruptcy before the minimum waiting period is another form of bankruptcy fraud. Yet another dishonest...
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