...Western Alienation Western alienation is defined as a “political ideology” or regional discontent, this is rooted with the dissatisfaction of western provinces in the federal government by representation. This essay will examine the causes of western alienation in Canada by examining 3 main causes: Inter-state federalism, the senate and the importance of Quebec emerging in late 1900's. Governments in Canada have developed relations between themselves, involving government and legislation. Inter government relations resemble international diplomacy( meetings with prime minister, provincial premiers, staff and flags). Conducted by government and politicians who have to be sure of the fact that what they do in inter government relations is public and people are watching them. Proponents of the western alienation may suggest that complaints in western Canada most often have to do with matters falling within the jurisdiction of the federal government, such as trade policy, tariffs, equalization procedures, and various aspects of fiscal arrangements pertaining to federal social program investment and expenditure. The West wants fair rules and regulations regarding these matters of federal concern. Thus, this desire should not be correlated with the demand for more provincial powers or jurisdiction. The most popular form of representation in the house of commons is the senate, in Canada the senate is appointed by the Prime Minister. Although the senate in Canada does not represent...
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...province within Parliament to a greater extent than in the House of Commons, over the previous decades it has done little but draw the ire of Westerners. The two most populous Western provinces, British Columbia and Alberta, have 607,543 and 733,343 citizens per senator, while Quebec and Ontario have 329,292 and 535,493 respectively. And, the average number of citizens per riding in B.C. and Alberta, at 124,443 and 132,285, is higher than the national...
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...conflict). High expectations of accountability in the formal legalities. The government must retain the confidence of the house (budget proposals) -legislative process: see above -party discipline: is linked to the idea of confidence, it operates through out the system. The general expectation is that members will vote along party lines. Pros: Accountability meaning that you know who is power and responsible for certain parts of the government, higher level of efficiency, fiscal and budgetary concerns, Cons: Can not always vote according to beliefs and values, inefficiency Federalism: Important driver of politics within Canada. To what extent are the types of different conflicts between the different levels of conflicts. Another reason why federalism exists is due in large part to the question of Quebec and the allocation of powers between french canada and the rest of the country. The Canadian State: Sovereignty 1867: Constitution Act, 1867 (BNA) 1926: The King-Byng Thing 1926: Nadan v. The King: criminal cases could be heard by the JCPC still The Balfour Declaration 1931: The statue of Westminster (formalize the separation of British and Canadian Government) 1949 Abolition of appeals to JCPC 1982: Constitution Act, 1982: Passed by the British Government (formally ammeter any requirement for the Canadian government to have to go to the British government for any...
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...Canada History http://www.canadahistory.com/sections/eras/trudeau/western_alienation.htm Western alienation has had its roots causes in the Western Canada's disappointment at not having more control over the Federal Government. To many in the west, Ottawa is viewed as pre-occupied with the Quebec Ontario axis and makes most of its decisions based upon how they will effect central Canada. During the 1950's and 1960's Alberta's oil industry grew substantially and the Social Credit government in Edmonton was happy to leave oil development to big business and just collect the provincial tax revenues and royalties. As the 1970's began the Social Credit were ousted in Alberta and replaced by a Conservative government under Peter Lougheed. His government took a much more activist role in the oil industry, believing that not only could more revenue be generated for the province but the oil industry could help develop other industries in the province and diversify its economy. In 1973 the Yom Kipper war in the middle east had resulted in a saved Israeli victory and the Arab OPEC nations decided to increase oil prices by up to 100%. The windfall profits that resulted from the oil production were quickly absorbed by Alberta's provincial government which resulted in the building up to over $14 billion of what was called the Heritage fund. The flip side of the coin was that he rest of Canada were subjected to gas prices that rose by over 350% in a year and threatened economic stability...
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...Canada’s government is popular participation. The level of political participation is sometimes to be used as a measurement to check how healthy and democratic a country is. In Canada, people have the freedom to participate in Canadian politics according to the constitution. The federal election of Canada is usually held every four years. Like the United States, Canada uses a first-past-the-post (FPTP) system during election. During electoral process, the country or province is divided into small areas called electoral districts according to its population. Under the FPTP system, one candidate will be elected per electoral district, and voters are only allows choosing one candidate on their ballot. Then, there will be 107 members of Provincial Parliament gathered together in Ontario legislature and vote the electoral district they want. The winning party with the most ridings will asked by the Governor General to form the government. The leader of that...
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...Personal Information Born Olive Marjorie Senior on December 23, 1941, in Jamaica; immigrated to Canada, 1991. Education: Carleton University (Ottawa, Canada), B.S., journalism, 1967. Career Daily Gleaner newspaper, Jamaica, reporter and sub-editor; Jamaica Information Service, information officer, 1967-69; Jamaica Chamber of Commerce, public relations officer, 1969-71; JCC Journal, editor, 1969-71; Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of the West Indies, Jamaica, publications editor, 1972-77; Social and Economic Studies, editor, 1972-77; freelance writer and researcher, part-time teacher in communications, publishing consultant, and speech writer, Jamaica, 1977-82; Institute of Jamaica Publications, managing editor, 1982-89; Jamaica Journal, editor, 1982-89; freelance teacher, writer, lecturer, 1989-; University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados, visiting lecturer/writer-in-residence, 1990; Caribbean Writers Summer Institute, University of Miami, Florida, director of fiction workshop, 1994, 1995; St. Lawrence University, Canton, NY, Dana Visiting Professor of creative writing, 1994-95; University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, writer-in-residence, 1998-99. Life's Work Jamaican-born journalist, poet, and short story writer Olive Senior is one of Caribbean literature's leading feminist voices. Her works, though written in English, remain heavily influenced by the region's patois, and draw heavily upon its oral storytelling traditions. In both her verse...
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...declared Abu-Bakr-Al-Baghdadi as the new Caliph. Its stated objective is to go back to the religious practices as it existed during the early years of Islam and bring the entire world under an Islamic rule (Dar-ul-Islam). The ISIL has been responsible for unleashing one of the most violent regimes including institutionalizing the system of sex slaves as booty of war, suppression of women and scientific education, persecution of the minorities as well as other non-Sunni believers in area under its control. The ISIL is also held responsible for carrying out acts of terrorism in different parts of the world. After the terrorist attacks Friday night in Paris, it did not take long for anti-Muslim forces to lash out around the world. A mosque in Canada was deliberately set on fire Saturday, Ontario police say. In Oregon, anti-Muslim protesters held a rally outside the...
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...Every individual has experienced some sort of inequality, segregation or a sense of alienation at least once in their lives. Examples of the cause of oppression are: sexism, homophobia, racism and classism. Childhood is not all about nostalgia and amusement. Oftentimes the cause of torment or "bullying" could lead to unresolved issues or underlying conflicts within the self in regards to both the victim and victimizer. An example or a specific case would help better explain this situation. Like some children, I was a bully and harassed several classmates for different reasons such as the way they look, the way talk and their personal interests. I was in grade six and there was a new "no bullying" policy that had just been implemented in my school....
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...of Commons or in the parliamentary press gallery. It has come to attention, that the driving force of Senate abolition is not really the desire for improvement and reform so much as the frustration with the Senate as it currently functions. A vast amount of Canadians believes that the Senate as an unelected institution lacks democratic legitimacy because the public is unable to hold senators responsible for their decisions (Barnes & al., 39). It also lacks democratic legitimacy since it is believed that the prime minister appoints senators because they had a contribution in the prime minister’s party thus making the appointment bias. However, abolishing the Senate may cause certain disastrous events because it would put the business of Canada in the absolute control of the House of Commons, and not only that, but in the absolute control of the majority of that House (Joyal,...
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...Assignment #2 : Social Justice Young Min JO 57712101 Part I: Analysis of India’s Child Labour Using Maxwell and Young’s Framework INTRODUCTION Child labour has been around since the industrial revolution. There are many different definitions of child labour depending on the organization. The International Labour Organization (ILO) describes child labour as “work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental development”. On the other hand, UNICEF describes it as “involved in child labour activities if between 5 to 11 years of age, he or she did at least one hour of economic activity or at least 28 hours of domestic work in a week”. Simply put, it is the employment of children under the minor legal age. The national census in 2011 still found that there were approximately 4.35 million child labourers in India (aged 5-14). By using Maxwell and Young’s framework, I will analyse the child labour force in India. INDIA’S SOCIAL INJUSTICE (MAXWELL) Reading the BBC article on India’s children labour, it is clear that social injustice plays a role. The exploitation, trade, and mistreat of these children all point towards social injustice. According to Maxwell, social injustice is moral unfairness in the division of society’s rewards or burdens. Despite the fact that using children as their labour force is morally wrong, the wage distribution ($2/day) inequity strongly supports the fact that there...
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...Diasporic Cross-Currents in Michael Ondaatje’s Anil’s Ghost and Anita Rau Badami’s The Hero’s Walk HEIKE HÄRTING N HIS REVIEW of Anil’s Ghost, Todd Hoffmann describes Michael Ondaatje’s novel as a “mystery of identity” (449). Similarly, Aritha van Herk identifies “fear, unpredictability, secrecy, [and] loss” (44) as the central features of the novel and its female protagonist. Anil’s Ghost, van Herk argues, presents its readers with a “motiveless world” of terror in which “no identity is reliable, no theory waterproof” (45). Ondaatje’s novel tells the story of Anil Tessera, a Sri Lankan expatriate and forensic anthropologist working for a UN-affiliated human rights organization. Haunted by a strong sense of personal and cultural dislocation, Anil takes up an assignment in Sri Lanka, where she teams up with a local archeologist, Sarath Diyasena, to uncover evidence of the Sri Lankan government’s violations of human rights during the country’s period of acute civil war. Yet, by the end of the novel, Anil has lost the evidence that could have indicted the government and is forced to leave the country, carrying with her a feeling of guilt for her unwitting complicity in Sarath’s death. On one hand, Anil certainly embodies an ethical (albeit rather schematic) critique of the failure of global justice. On the other, her character stages diaspora, in Vijay Mishra terms, as the “normative” and “ exemplary … condition of late modernity” (“Diasporic” 441) — a condition usually associated...
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...King and into the sixties government supported racism through our immigration department seemed on the decline. With the 1982 Charter of Rights and Freedoms Act being signed into the constitution we took a huge leap forward. However, this doesn’t erase a past full of discrimination and exploitation of immigrants by government, employers and labour. In Canadian history immigrant workers have been racially stereotyped, discriminated against and subjected to differing levels of acceptance within Canadian culture and the working class society. Immigrant workers found themselves in varying levels of distress upon arrival to Canada, being exploited by employers, shunned by labour and oppressed as second class citizens by government. This may be considered a product of the times but the slow, gradual change to tolerance is unacceptable, and not the image Canada wants to project to the rest of the world. The exploitation of immigrants started long before the first industrial revolution but when land became less accessible around the early to mid 1800s a pool of labour began to appear. In the 1830s and 1840s Irish immigrants fleeing...
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...of religion and state including a notion of individual agency of citizens. Secularism is always understood within the idea of the modern national state operating within a capitalist economy Symbols * Represent a whole semantic domain and invite us to consider the various elements within it ( ex: Canadian Flag) Worldviews * Encompassing picture of Reality created by members of society. Attempts to Bring “Order, Regularity and Predictibility” to daily life and all aspects associated with it Domination * Hegemony * A system of leadership in which rulers persuade subordinates to accept the ideology of the dominant group by offering mutual accommodations that nevertheless preserve the rulers privileged position Power Alienation * The deep separation that individuals experience between their innermost sense of identity and the labor they are forced to perform in order to survive Power and Free Agency *...
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...Alternative Medicine in the Philippines And Its Continued Popularity: A Study Bataan Peninsula State University Alternative Medicine in the Philippines And Its Continued Popularity The Philippines is one of the islands that were conquered by different countries back in the day. That is why a lot of foreign influences were brought up by those colonizations. One of them is alternative medicine. Alternative medicine is a variety of therapeutic or preventive health-care practices that are not typically taught or practiced in traditional medicinal communities and offer treatments that differ from standard medical practice. Homeopathy, herbal medicine, and acupuncture are types of alternative medicine. In particular, China was one of the countries that inhabited the Philippines. China and its traditional healing arts make up the integral part of Chinese culture. According to “The Practice of Shiatsu” (Anderson, 2008), acupuncture gradually took over in China as the primary form of medicine and traveled across Asia including the Philippines. As evidenced by the years of trade by the Philippines with China, the Philippines then inherit the traditional ways of healing through acupuncture that China practiced and it is still being practiced today. Alternative medicine was already popular back in history but it is taking popularity again nowadays. In order to understand what we know today, people go back to their roots and to the beginning of civilization. What we know...
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...Crimes against the elderly in socially organized and disorganized communities Table of Contents Introduction 4 Defining Elderly Abuse 7 Traditional Societies 8 The length of the problem 9 Institutional Settings 9 Risk factor for Elder Abuse 10 Individual factors 10 Factors of Relationship 11 Factors of Community and Society 12 The result of elder abuse 14 Domestic Settings 14 Treatment in institutions 14 Preventing Elder Abuse 15 Feedback from national level 16 Responses from local people 18 Social Service 19 Health Care 20 Legal Proceeding 21 Campaign to generate public awareness 22 Recommendations 23 Greater Knowledge 23 Causes of the abuse 24 Impact of abuse 24 Evaluating the process 24 Stringent laws 24 Basic Rights for Elders 25 Traditions 25 Other preventive measures 26 Conclusion 27 Reference 28 Introduction The history of elderly abuse is not a very new phenomenon. It can be traced back from a very early age if we flip through the sociological status of yesteryear. However with the passage of time and further defining a goal to reform child abuse and domestic violence, the objective of elderly abuse has also been considered in the agenda. Unlike other form violence, the elderly violence has come into limelight with the progress of public health and criminal justice. The issue of these two forms has paved a way to view, analyse and curb the issue on violence towards senior citizens of a society. This paper...
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