A. Explain how lipids, in the form of triglycerides, are broken down to produce ATP, including each of the following: Triglycerides are first broken down to fatty acids and glycerol by separating the bond between the glycerol and the fatty acid. The fatty acids undergo beta oxidation and are broken into two carbon units. The carbon subunits generate Acetyl­CoA. (O’Malley 2014) During beta oxidation hydrogen and electrons are removed from the fatty acids and are carried by NADH and FADH2 to the electron transport chain to generate ATP. Acetyl­CoA enters the citric acid cycle which removes electrons and hydrogen. NADH and FADH2 is used to carry the ions to the electron transport chain to form ATP. B. Explain two differences between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (not fats).
A saturated fatty acids has hydrogen on all points of its chemical chain. Unsaturated fatty acids will have a pair of hydrogen missing on its chain. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature vs liquid for unsaturated. 1. Create one original 3­D model to demonstrate the chemical structure of a saturated fatty acid. 2. Create one original 3­D model to demonstrate the chemical structure of an unsaturated fatty acid.

C. Create an original diagram, with clear labels, to demonstrate the fluid mosaic structure of cell membranes.

D. Explain how no­fat diets can affect the body (e.g., nutrient absorption, essential fatty acids), including each of the following: When the body consumes fats enzymes in the body can change the structure of consumed fatty acids as the body needs. This occurs in the brain, retina and liver. The bodies enzymes have the ability to add carbons which increases the length of a fatty acid chain. It can also add or remove carbon double bonds. (Neitzel 2010)
Fats have several uses in the body. They provide more