...To what extent is growing through integration with other businesses a good way for a firm to increase its competitiveness? (40 marks) Growing through integration is concerned with mergers and takeovers of two businesses. There are several ways of integrating; Horizontal, which is where the business is in the same industry and or same stage of production, Backward Vertical, which is where it is the same industry towards a supplier, forward vertical, which is where it is the same industry towards the customer and Diversification, which is where the two businesses are totally opposite. Growing through one of the processes of integration can have a massive boost/effect on the competitiveness of a business as firms are able to buy out or merge with other large firms, in either their market place or another, to make one big firms in the market. The main firm will gain a larger percentage of the market at the two original market shares of the business are joint together. An example of this happening is in the mobile phone industry with the merger of Orange and T-mobile. This merger had brought together two of the UK’s biggest mobile phone networks and as a result gained them a combined 30 million customers, which meant they had overtaken O2 as the market leaders with a 37% market share. Furthermore, because of the two networks merging it provided them with a USP as it allowed customers to be able to receive signal of both networks...
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...MANAGING THE POST-ACQUISITION INTEGRATION PROCESS: HOW THE HUMAN INTEGRATION AND TASK INTEGRATION PROCESSES INTERACT TO FOSTER VALUE CREATION* The paper of Birkinshaw, Bresman and Håkanson argue that the underlying processes of a succesful acquistition are task integration and human integration. An effective and successful integration is achieved by separating these two sub-process into a two-phase process. In phase one that lasts around 5 to 7 years, human integration usually proceeds smoothly and leads to cultural convergence and mutual respect. But task integration is more difficult to achieve and only a satisfactory, rather than an optimal solution will be achieved In phase two it is important to focus on task integration that can be built on the success of the human integration that had been achieved in phase one. The paper asks the question: what is the process through which an acquisition delivers on the value creation sought by the acquiring firm. Human Integration: generating satisfaction, and ultimately shared identity, among employees from both companies. Creation of positive attitudes towards the integration among employees on both sides Task integration: means value creation as the objective of the acquisition, measured in terms of transfers of capabilities and resources sharing.--> Identification and realization of operational synergies These two should be seen as two distinct process: but they are not independent of each other as e.g...
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...sier!™ ing Everything Ea Ma k al Edition Informatica Speci Data tegration In Learn: • What data integration is and why you should care • How data integration can help your business become more agile • Common data integration challenges and benefits • What to consider when looking for data integration tools Compliments of Brian Underdahl These materials are © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Any dissemination, distribution, or unauthorized use is strictly prohibited. Data Integration Informatica Special Edition by Brian Underdahl These materials are © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Any dissemination, distribution, or unauthorized use is strictly prohibited. Data Integration For Dummies® Informatica Special Edition , Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River St. Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the Publisher. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Trademarks: Wiley, For Dummies...
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...Management Instructor’s Manual – Motiwalla & Thompson 1 CHAPTER 2 – SYSTEMS INTEGRATION CHAPTER OBJECTIVES • • • • • Understand the impact of organizational structure on information systems Find out about the types of functional silos in organizations Learn about the evolution of information systems technology generations and architectures and their influence on a silo environment Know what systems integration is and why it is important for organizations Understand the role of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems in systems integration CHAPTER OUTLINE I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. Opening Case: AIR CARGO’s e-ENTERPRISE SYSTEM Functional Silos a) Horizontal Silos b) Vertical Silos c) Business Process and Silos Evolution of IS in organizations a) IS Architectures b) IS Fictionalizations Systems Integration a) Logical Versus Physical SI b) Steps in Integrating Systems c) Benefits of System Integration d) Limitations of System Integration ERP and Systems Integration a) ERP’s Role in Logical Integration b) ERP’s Role in Physical Integration Implications for Management Case 2-2 Real-World Case: Systems Integration at UPS Corp CHAPTER OVERVIEW This chapter discusses the evolution and importance of Systems Integration and the role of ERP systems in systems integration. The chapter begins with a discussion on information silos. If you think of an agricultural silo...
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...TITLE: INTEGRATION OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC HEALTH: A case study of USAID SCMS Project, Nigeria. NAME: Ogbolu', B, Emeka Supply Chain Operation Department, John Snow Inc. Abuja, Nigeria ORGANIZATION: USAID Supply chain management system project, Nigeria PROBLEM OR ISSUE TO BE ADDRESSED “The more integration, the better the performance of the supply chain” (Bagchi et al., 2005). SCM concept is defined as “integration of business processes” (Cooper et al., 1997). According to Lee (2000) the integration of supply chain does not only reduce costs, but it also worth full for the company, and all its shareholders. The ideal condition is that the whole process across the supply chain is designed, managed and unified as a unit. However, different peoples have different opinions, some are disagree with that integration and close cooperation with suppliers and customers is the best resolution in every case. Bask and Juga (2001) think that we have to to reevaluate the dominant vision of integrated supply chain management and propose that polarization of strategies in supply chains can lead to separation and give rise to semi-integration rather than full integration. For others intensive integration might not be in every area of SCM but it can be in some special areas such as quality management and performance measurement while in other areas it is valuable to have limited integration. Bagchi and Skjoett Larsen 2002 suggest a contingency approach to supply chain...
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...Merger Integration: Delivering on the Promise A Series of Viewpoints on Mergers, Acquisitions, and Integration Executive Summary From airlines to automobiles to advertising, the urge to merge has escalated steadily over the past decade. In 2000 alone there were 9,472 merger and acquisition transactions in the United States — a new record. Although this rush to the altar may have been grounded in solid synergistic potential, all too many of these marriages quickly faltered. Booz •Allen & Hamilton recently conducted a study of deals that closed in 1997 and 1998 and discovered that 53 percent of the deals had failed to deliver their expected results. Although senior executives devote exhaustive hours to striking the right deal, it is merely the beginning of the long and tortuous merger integration process. In fact, structuring a deal is relatively easy; implementing one is nothing short of heroic. As an executive presiding over a newly merged company, you are inundated with competing priorities and demands. But the most important questions before you are these: • How do you deliver on the value you promised shareholders and investors while simultaneously “keeping the wheels on the business”? • In the wake of a merger, how do you successfully integrate operations while maintaining your focus on customers? Although no one-size-fits-all formula can apply to every company’s unique situation, in our experience four principles are the key to success in merger...
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...IT426-1302B-02 System Integration and Organization Deployment Academy Carpets Integration Project 06/24/2013 Contents Project Outline 3 Integration Model and Tasks 5 Standards and Regulations 7 Support Strategies 9 Best Practices 11 Cultural Implications 15 References 17 Project Outline The organization I have targeted for this assignment is Academy Carpets. They are a small business located in my hometown of Colorado Springs, Colorado. They have three locations, and currently employ about 100 employees. They are relatively small company but over the last three to four years business has been steadily rising. Before the influx of new business the slow systems didn’t really bother the business or the employee’s production, but over the past years the need to upgrade their systems processes has become apparent. Academy Carpets now desperately needs a new system integrated, some salesmen are still using a pen and pad to track sales and request their orders, as a result of this their orders are constantly getting misconstrued up due to the lack of organization. The goal is to get the entire organization on an integrated computer system and provide the staff with a user friendly system that will give them the organization and performance that is needed for the company to continue to grow. Academy Carpets hopes by achieving this goal, not only will the salesmen have a less complicated workplace but Academy Carpets will have the ability to place, track and...
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...INTEGRATION EFFORTS IN THE CARIBBEAN ESSAY Sir Arthur Lewis in 1965 wrote ‘these islands did not start on the federal road in a fit of idleness. They start because it was clear that a federation is the only possible solution to their problem.” To understand what Sir Arthur Lewis meant regional integration must be defined. According to Carbough (2004), regional integration is a process of eliminating restrictions on international trade, payments and factors of mobility. Full regional integration is the economic, social, legal, political, business and environmental factors into one common regional space. There are six levels of integration which are the trade association, free trade area, customs union, common market, economic and political union. Over the past decade regional integration movements have been undergoing tremendous pressure as they attempt to sustain viability. Hippolyte- Manigot (1979) stated “Since the mid 1970s, so serious have some of these difficulties been that practitioners and analyst of regional integration have indicated their doubts about the viability of regional integration.” The first effort for integration took place in 1958. This was known as the West Indies Federation. The federation faced several problems but what really led to the demise of the federation was fell apart in January 1962 was the withdrawal of Jamaica. This withdrawal was to lead to a movement within Jamaican for national independence from Britain. The withdrawal of Jamaica then...
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...Impact of Vertical Integration Table of Contents What is Vertical Integration?3 De Beers Summary3 Internal strengths of vertical integration5 External strengths of vertical integration6 Disadvantages of vertical integration7 Quad/Graphics and vertical integration7 Four types of Vertical Integration 7 Ownership and Breadth of De Beers 9 Conclusion 10 References11 What is Vertical Integration? Vertical integration is a powerful corporate strategy that when implemented under the right circumstances can work towards the organizations advantage. Vertical integration describes a firm's control over several or all of the production and or distribution steps involved in the creation of its product or service. This integration takes the assets that was owned by two organizations and combines it into a single business; this creates either a joint ownership, or the sale of one firm’s assets to another business. This strategy is more advantageous then contracting with an outside company since usually it creates lower operating costs and more control over quality of its products or services. Forward and backward integration in an organizations’ value chain is an attempt to strengthen a company’s business model. Although there are different forms of vertical integration, its main approach is either to expand operations backward into an industry that produces inputs for the company, or forward into an industry that distributes the company’s products. According to Harrigan...
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...FROM WHOLESALE TO RETAIL: IMPROVING THE FORWARD VERTICAL INTEGRATION STRATEGY AT FRESHMARK (PTY.) LTD. A dissertation by BARTHOLOMEW CHARLES BENECKE Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER’S DEGREE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) in the BUSINESS SCHOOL FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES TSHWANE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Supervisor: Prof. JA Watkins Co- Supervisor: V Naidoo May 2007 DECLARATION OF COPYRIGHT “I hereby declare that this dissertation submitted for the degree Master’s in Business Administration (MBA) at the Tshwane University of Technology, is my own original unaided work and has not previously been submitted to any other institution or higher education. I further declare that all sources cited are cited or quoted are indicated or acknowledged by means of a comprehensive list of references” BARTHOLOMEW CHARLES BENECKE Copyright© Tshwane University of Technology 2006 ii DEDICATION “This study is dedicated to my God, and King, to whom I give praise for all the gifts and strength He has granted me, and to my love Jasmyn, for her steadfast support through this time. I will love you both forever.” iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I hereby wish to acknowledge the contribution of the following persons to the completion of this dissertation: ► To my parents for their love and support through all my years of study. Thank you for believing in me, even when I did not believe in myself. ► To Professor Watkins, for all his...
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...Extension: What is Regional Integration? [pic] Map of EU Countries Using the Euro Source: European Community, 2004 Regional integration is the process by which two or more nation-states agree to co-operate and work closely together to achieve peace, stability and wealth.Extension. Usually integration involves one or more written agreements that describe the areas of cooperation in detail, as well as some coordinating bodies representing the countries involved. This co-operation usually begins with economicintegration and as it continues, comes to includepolitical integration. We can describe integration as a scale, with 0 representing no integration at all between two or more countries. Ten would represent complete integration between two or more countries. This means that the integrating states would actually become a new country — in other words, total integration. We could also say that on the table below, 1-4 represents economic integration while 6-10 represents political integration. The halfway stage, 5, represents the single market, or the completion of economic integration. |0 |5 |10 | |No integration |Single Market |Total Integration | |Economic Integration |Political Integration ...
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...Integration vs Generic Approach Sandra Kokke Kaplan University College Composition Integration vs Generic Approach When it comes to human services there are two different approaches that are mainly used. The approaches that are basically used are integration and generic. A lot can be said for integration, but not as much can be said for the generic approach. We will start with integration since that is the topic with the most information. Integration offers a significant opportunity to improve the services that we provide to the people in our communities. Cities now have the authorization and experience to take on integration. We are at the point where we can start to learn from each other. The main committee that decides priorities which is called the steering committee believes that the issue of integration has been talked about so much that now it is time to take action. The committee needed to use an earning process, these implications were reinforced when the research showed that there is little literature on human services integration. There are no “models” to show any evidence of this either. Integration in human services is a system of different services that can be offered to families. They are coordinated to try to fit the needs of the people. The services are supposed to help people maximize their potential, improve the quality of their lives and make contributions to their community. To develop an understanding to peoples’ needs and their participation...
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...| Enterprise Systems For Management | Chapter 2 review Question 1. What are functional silos and how did they evolve in organizations? When the organization becomes larger and more complex the functional silos evolved. This happens when the company have different department with different responsibilities, if any department needs anything they work separately with no integrate with other department. 2. What is the relationship between organizational functional silos and IS functional silos? The two types of functional silos serve the needs of a department but in two different ways. Organizational functional silos are independent unit and the changes that made in these silos not allowed to be shared between other departments. IS functional silo is different because there is no online sharing of data.. 3. Compare and contrast centralized, decentralized, and distributed IT architectures. Which do you think is most appropriate for ERP and why? Centralized systems are based on servers and mainframes, where all the data, software, and resources are stored on the server and are accessed via dumb terminal computers, that is nothing is really stored on the satellite computers. In Decentralized System we have multiple computers with the information and software they need, this gives them full control over what takes place, but may lead to less real time cooperation. Finally, distributed architecture is a combination of both centralized and decentralized architectures...
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...and academic journals approached various reasons and conclusions regarding whether vertical integration results in the most profitable application of a merger structure versus considering a horizontal or diversified integration approach. Hence, the topic surfaced during Satterlee’s (2018) comments relating to multinational corporations (MNC) and the three extensive types of MNCs concerning production, operations management, and functionality as the operational focus. Therefore, further research may reveal if one type of integration is more applicable when one considers a production merger or an operations style merger among the corporations considering these financial endeavors and...
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...WHAT IS ASEAN INTEGRATION? ASEAN Integration is an agreement centered on the integration of ASEAN economies in Southeast Asia composed of the ten countries of Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar (Burma), and Vietnam. The ASEAN Integration specifically aims to integrate the “transitional economies” of the CLMV (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam) countries which are just recently being assimilated into the global capitalist economy led by the early members of ASEAN in the region. It also aims to develop an ASEAN Economic Community, patterned after the European Economic Community, which later evolved into the European Union. The aim is to establish a single market and probably a single trading currency in the region by 2020. The integration is focused on seven components that ensures ‘free trade’ and the promotion of a single market and production base. It consists of the following: free flow of goods, services, investment, capital, and skilled labor; development of priority integration sectors; and competitiveness of food, agriculture, and forestry sectors. http://www.masa.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=286:the-asean-integration-and-its-impact-on-labor WHAT IS THE IMPACT OF THE ASEAN INTEGRATION IN THE PHILIPPINES? The ASEAN integration would have direct impact on our lives and the Philippines has been aware of the integration since years ago. A lot of changes happen in the country among which is the adaptation...
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