...speech communication process are speaker, message, channel, listener, frame of reference, feedback, interference, and situation. The speaker is the person who is presenting the message to the listener(s). The message is what the speaker is communicating to the listener. The channel is the means of how the speaker is communicating the message to the listener. The frame of reference is the totality of the knowledge on the subject being presented, whether it is goals, experience, knowledge, attitudes, etc. No two speakers will ever have the same frame of reference. Feedback is message getting sent back to the speaker from the listener. This feedback is usually nonverbal. Interference is anything that comes between the speaker and the listener and interrupts the communication of the message. The situation is the surroundings in and at which the speech occurs. Why is it normal and even desirable to be nervous at the start of a speech? It is perfectly normal and even desirable to be nervous. Nervousness is a healthy sign that the speaker is mentally prepared for their effort. The nervousness is caused by adrenaline, which is a hormone that is produced in your body. As a speaker, you can aim to transform this negative nervousness into positive nervousness. This can help energize the speaker. In history there were many public figures that were nervous and suffered stage fright. Some of the historic figures that had stage fright...
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...relationship between test anxieties in college understudies furthermore their execution in examinations. Commonly, colleges use examinations to test part or even all the learning of understudies, especially in first-year courses. As Burns (2004, p. 120) exceptional, examination results can figure out whether a understudy passes a course or can advance onto further study, and may even impact job opportunities. Justifiably, instructors are concerned that examinations are a reasonable evidence of an understudy's learning. One territory of unique investment is the part nervousness plays in connection to examination execution. This article contends that as a rule, test tension brings down execution marginally, in spite of the fact that this is not apparent in all circumstances, nor with different types of understudies. Further, it is contended that the fundamental system for this result seems, by all accounts, to be that test nervousness prompts the improvement of meddling considerations, which keep a legitimate concentrate on examination undertakings. The paper likewise brings up that albeit numerous components effect on examination execution, test uneasiness is specifically compelling as it seems to lead straightforwardly to out of line results. The paper compares literature and the main literatures used in the paper are following: Burns, D. J. (2004). Anxiety at the time of the final exam: Relationships with expectations and performance. Journal of Education for Business, 80(2),119–124...
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...Chapter 3 Speaking Confidently I. Nervousness about public speaking is normal and widespread. A. Many celebrities and public figures admit to a fear of public speaking. B. Many ordinary citizens place public speaking at or near the top of their lists of fears. C. A clear majority of college students list fear of public speaking as their chief communication weakness. 1. James McCroskey’s Personal Report of Public Speaking Anxiety shows that nearly three-fourths of college students admit to high or moderately high anxiety about speaking in public. 2. McCroskey concludes that a fairly high degree of anxiety about public speaking is normal. D. People experience and exhibit a range of internal and external responses to the stress of public speaking. 1. Chemically and physiologically, we experience stage fright in the same way. a. Adrenaline is released into the bloodstream. b. Respiration increases. c. Heart rate increases. d. Galvanic skin response increases. 2. Symptoms of stage fright can vary from person to person. a. Some people experience blushing, excessive perspiration shortness of breath, forgetfulness, or other symptoms. b. As uncomfortable as they can make you, these responses are normal and natural signs that your body is responding to the pressure of performing...
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...Presentations What is Communication? ❚ Nonverbal Communication -body language -eye contact Importance of Communication ❚ Class Presentations ❚ Field Research ❚ Business Communications ❚ Public Speaking Fear of Public Speaking ❚ Population ❘ No.1 fear=Public Speaking ❘ Fear No.2=Death ❚ Stage fright -In spotlight -unprepared -inexperienced Effective Communication ❚ Preparation ❚ Practice ❚ Presence Effective Communication ❚ Preparation ❙ research -non-research ❙ format -speak on what you know -Notes- outline main points -note cards vs. full sized paper Sample Speech Outline I. Introduction ❘ Thesis II. Body ❘ support arguments III. Conclusion ❘ review Effective Communication ❚ Practice - practice makes perfect - revision - get time right Effective Communication ❚ Presence -nervousness- fright is common -Body language -voice tone -gestures -eye contact -positive attitude Things You Shouldn’t Do ❚ Read directly from notes ❚ Read directly from screen ❚ Turn back on audience ❚ Slouch, hands in pockets ❚ No um, ah, you know’s ❚ No nervous gestures ❚ Talk too fast, ❚ Talk too quietly Things You Should Do ❚ Eye contact ❚ Can glance at notes ❚ Appropriate gestures ❚ Rhetorical questions to involve audience Ten Successful Tips Control the “Butterflies” ❚ Know the room- become familiar with the place of presentation ❚ Know the audience- greet or chat with the audience before hand. It’s easier...
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...The unnamed female main character in “The Yellow Wallpaper” is put in an isolated mansion by her husband, a doctor, to help with her “nervousness” or hysteria. She is infantilized by being kept in a nursery and treated like a child by her husband. In addition to being patronized, she is also forbidden to work or even see her baby as it is believed she must solely rest. Her perceived as well-meaning husband gaslights her feelings and experiences, in an attempt to help reduce her “nervousness.” The main character’s disjointed, secretive journaling of her feelings represents her spiral into psychosis due to her isolation and treatment by her husband. Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s “The Yellow Wallpaper” reflects on the treatment of women’s mental health and how marriage and gender roles reinforce this treatment. At the beginning of the story, she describes how she is staying in a colonial mansion that is being let to them cheaply. She describes her husband’s disdain for all things that are not logical and...
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...Listening and Nonverbal Communication Chapter 3 Mary Ellen Guffey, Business Communication: Process and Product, 5e Copyright © 2006 Notes Today p1 Starting Writing NOW! • • • • • • • • The four parts of the listening process Listening Process Barriers Listening in the Workplace Improving Listening ITW Skillful Listening Ten Misconceptions About Listening Most Irritating Listening Habits Nonverbal Communication Ch. 3, Slide 2 Mary Ellen Guffey, Business Communication: Process and Product, 5e Notes Today p2 • Functions of Nonverbal Communication • Forms of Nonverbal Communication • Nonverbal Communication and Perception Mary Ellen Guffey, Business Communication: Process and Product, 5e Ch. 3, Slide 3 Listening Mary Ellen Guffey, Business Communication: Process and Product, 5e Ch. 3, Slide 4 The Listening Process Mary Ellen Guffey, Business Communication: Process and Product, 5e Ch. 3, Slide 5 The Listening Process Perception Mary Ellen Guffey, Business Communication: Process and Product, 5e Ch. 3, Slide 6 The Listening Process Perception Interpretation Mary Ellen Guffey, Business Communication: Process and Product, 5e Ch. 3, Slide 7 The Listening Process Perception Interpretation Evaluation Mary Ellen Guffey, Business Communication: Process and Product, 5e Ch. 3, Slide 8 The Listening Process Perception Interpretation Evaluation Action Mary Ellen Guffey, Business Communication: Process and...
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...Communication is formed by people in everywhere at any time. If we live in a community, communication is something that we cannot avoid in our whole life. However, even though we practice communication all the time, miscommunication still happens all the time especially when people have different culture. According to Yu Xu, and Ruth Davidhizar, the authors of Journal of Nursing Education, "Culture is communication and communication is culture". Our communication is always affected by the problem of culture intelligence including backgrounds, habits of communication and languages, and all these factors cause miscommunication. First, different backgrounds are definitely a main issue that affects communication. Background means your family and your experience of education, living conditions. Since all countries have their own living style, religion and beliefs, people who are from different countries might have extremely different backgrounds. We might learn and understand things in different ways; therefore, battle might be easily formed when we do not know each other very well. According to Kaplan, S., and Cunningham, C., the author of Eight Quick Tips for Improving Global Cross-Cultural Communications, Different backgrounds might affect our life style. If we live in a same house with people from different country, different living styles may cause miscommunication. Referring to FitzGerald, Helen Gay, authors of Languages for Intercultural Communication and Education, “If people...
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...C 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. C | 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. D | Essay – Chapter 12/12S 1. What is MRP Nervousnes?.Can this condition affect DRP system as well?. Answer: MRP nervousness refers to the observation that any change, even a small one, in the requirements for items at the top of the bill can have drastic effects on items further down the bill. As you fall short of parts at the top, you cannot create more parts as you go down the bill, and at the bottom you have massive amounts of shortages. MRP nervousness can affect DRP systems as well because they use MRP-style logic to feed accurate demand information into the master schedule. 2. What are the benefit of having formal Master Scheduling Process?. What happen to the firm that don’t follow some of basic rules of master scheduling?. Answer: It is good to have a formal master scheduling process because it ensures uniformity in the calculation and results, no matter who does the scheduling. If firms do not follow some of the basic rules of scheduling there would be a disconnect between the supply chain, sales, marketing, and finance and that almost ensures that there will be chaos among these units. 3. What is the different between information flow and information system? Do information system always have to be computerized? Why? Answer: An information flow focuses on “what” information is being moved, while an information “system” is concerned with the “how.” For example, kanban...
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...Life is a gift but living is a battle. Different parties competing for one goal, winning. A competition is an event wherein the best of the best is tested in a particular skills proving their self and God given talents. Preparation for such events is a matter of hard work, honesty and loyalty to the job. Upon preparing a competition, a feeling between excitement, nervousness and joy comes to those participants, organizers and all the parties involved. Excitement for everyone that they will be able to gain experiences that can be shared and something they can be proud of,nervousness for the expectations of everyone and joy for another set of camaraderie between participants that no one can take. In every competition there will be always a winning and a losing team. Therefore, once you've entered to a competition you should know the meaning of "sportsmanship" which explains that you should accept whatever the result is and never forget that it's just a game. Competing will be more worthy if everyone will follow the rules and regulations knowing what is right from wrong and keeping it honest. Joining events like this will teach you how to be patient, hard working, honest and of course how to gain friends. Proving yourself will not just only make yourself proud but also all the people around you. Win or lose, a lesson is learned. Always remember that a competition is not just always winning the gold nor leading the game but it's also about proving yourself, winning friends...
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...____________________________________________________________ Public Speaking is the process and act of speaking or giving a lecture to a group of people in a structured, deliberate manner intended to inform, influence, or entertain a listening audience. Public speaking is commonly understood as face-to-face speaking between individuals and an audience for the purpose of communication. It is closely allied to "presenting", although the latter is more often associated with commercial activity. 10 Tips for Public Speaking Feeling some nervousness before giving a speech is natural and even beneficial, but too much nervousness can be detrimental. Here are some proven tips on how to control your butterflies and give better presentations: 1. Know your material. Pick a topic you are interested in. Know more about it than you include in your speech. Use humor, personal stories and conversational language – that way you won’t easily forget what to say. 2. Practice. Practice. Practice! Rehearse out loud with all equipment you plan on using. Revise as necessary. Work to control filler words; Practice, pause and breathe. Practice with a timer and allow time for the unexpected. 3. Know the audience. Greet some of the audience members as they arrive. It’s easier to speak to a group of friends than to strangers. 4. Know the room. Arrive early, walk around the speaking area and practice using the microphone and any visual aids. 5. Relax. Begin by addressing the audience....
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...Results Day: Walking towards the School knowing your fate lays just steps away, your hands’ trembling, and your whole body feels like a portion of jelly from all the shaking. The feeling of nervousness mixed with excitement starts to come, you start getting butterflies in your stomach - the time is near. You walk to the hall, your heart in your hands, and then you see the Teachers there trying to comfort you. You start to feel at ease for a little while, then... You see the envelopes there, looking at you, laughing with an evil smirk on there face. Imagine opening that envelope - knowing that all your School life, all those revision hours are contained in that A5 white rectangle. That piece of paper is the start of your life. Finally, you open the envelope! You have the results you always wanted, your heart flutters with happiness, and your face lights up with sheer joy. Then that after feeling comes, the feeling of all your work paying off is just amazing! If you want that exact tremendous feeling then read the remainder of this leaflet to be the best you can be. Do you know how to revise? I bet you’re all having trouble with revising before one or loads of vital exams. I can remember when I had an English exam, all the teachers throwing websites at me, throwing all the different books at me; thesauruses, dictionaries, revision guides. It’s too much! Let me tell you the websites that really help: • www.bbc.co.uk/education/gcsebitesize • www.bbc.co.uk/schools/revision •...
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...turnover rates and absenteeism create a sense of nervousness for some in the workplace, that’s what I believe that is one of this week’s main topic. When people don’t stay at a job let’s say for instance at a nursing care facility, it takes a while for a resident to become trusting of who they let care for them. They might like this new employee better than they like you. If they don’t stay, it often creates more of a nervousness for them. They often have behaviors especially those with dementia. My half-sister is in a care facility for the blind and she does not like change. It takes her six months to get used to a new voice without any outburst or odd behaviors. I know when I worked in Long Term Care when people would call in at the last minute that generally meant that we were running short staffed. The residents didn’t like it and neither did I. Not only does turnover rates and absenteeism affect the company it also effects the residents/consumers as well. My choices were well received by Brain Newman in the simulation. Some of the question I had to really think about the best answers and I got a few wrong. It really made me think about making the best choices when there were several good answers. I liked being able to learn the equations to figure out turnover rates. I always had wondered how there were figured out. Also figuring out the best options to help out the company was good. It made me feel helpful to them. What I learned from this was is you really should listen...
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...Your question concerning strategies for dealing with fear and nervousness when giving an oral presentation is a common one. It’s actually okay to be a little nervous in a situation such as this—a little adrenalin actually helps your overall performance. Fortunately, though, there are many things you can do to overcome this uncomfortable feeling. Here are a few: * Smile! When you appear relaxed, comfortable, and friendly, your audience will respond in kind. * Confess that you are a little nervous. This vulnerability helps your audience be sympathetic to you (and your presentation). * Remember to breathe, slowly and deeply. This will help control any trembling that you may notice in your hands and voice. * Be prepared. This will give you more confidence, and take away any nervousness associated with that aspect of your presentation, at least. Practice your speech in front of a mirror, as cheesy as that sounds. * Speak slowly and make use of natural pauses. There is a natural tendency to panic and rush through in a situation such as this—try to overcome that and pace yourself. For organizing the content of your speech, keep the following in mind: * Begin with an introduction (which, just as with a paper, you may actually wish to write last) * Capture the audience’s attention with a funny story, a question, or a startling statistic. * State your purpose—for example: “I’m going to talk about…” * Give a brief outline of your talk—for...
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...Andrea Tone in Birth Control and Anxiety 1. A) What was the primary concern of American manufacturers in producing feminine "hygiene" products, and what was their overall impact on the health of American women? Manufactures sold a wide array of items, including vaginal jellies, douche powders and liquid, suppositories, and foaming tablets as “feminine hygiene,” an innocuous sounding term coined by advertisers in the 1920s. Publicly, manufactures claimed that feminine hygiene products were sold solely to enhance vaginal cleanliness. Consumers, literally deconstructing advertising text, knew better. Obliquely encoded in feminine hygiene ads and product packaging were indicators of the product’s real purpose; references to “protection,” “security,” or “dependability” earmarked purported contraceptive properties. B) What was Miltown, how was it marketed, and what was its impact on doctors and the practice of medicine? It was a fashion and medicine pill that affects chemicals in your brain that may become unbalanced and cause anxiety. It is also used to relieve anxiety, nervousness, and tension associated with anxiety disorders. It was marketed by selling in term of the tranquilizers, which cost about ten cents each. For the first six month and June sales were unimpressive, but in August, unexpectedly sales of Miltown had climbed to $85,000, by September $218,000. The momentum continued. The impact on doctors and the practice of medicine found in after 1950, consumer spending...
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...AUDIENCE ADAPTATION Ask yourself these questions: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Who is your audience? What knowledge does the audience already have about the topic? What will the audience find interesting? What are the values, needs, and beliefs of the audience? What are the motivations of the audience? What are the demographics of the audience? Analyze the following: • • • • • • Age Gender Education Group Affiliations Socio-economic Status Ethnicity 7. What is your context? • • • • • • • • • • Large or small audience? What are the expectations? Do current events affect your speech? Outdoors or indoors? Noise? Are appropriate teaching tools available? What is the size of the room? Is the audience seated or standing? Is the room hot or cold? Are there chairs or tables? INTRODUCTIONS AND CONCLUSIONS Purposes of the Introduction: To obtain the listener’s attention. To create a favorable first impression; if you lose them here, you may lose them for good. To arouse interest in your subject. To orient the audience to the different parts of your speech. 1. 2. 3. 4. Four Parts to an Introduction: 1. Attention-getting Phase—capture the interest of audience. 2. Orientation Phase—articulate the purpose and identify with audience (why should they listen?). 3. Credibility Phase—what type of expertise do you have? 4. Preview of Main Points—delineate main topics. First: ATTENTION-GETTING PHASE Ask Audience to Physically Move. Create Curiosity. Refer to the Setting...
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