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What Lies Within

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Malaria
According to the ONE CAMPAIGN approximately 219 people live in the world with malaria and 90% of those who died from malaria are from sub-Saharan Africa. There are many important risk factors that are highly associated with malaria. Those who are poor in these undeveloped countries live in places where mosquito density tends to be high and because they are unable to afford instecide treated nets over their beds when they are asleep or spray that they could potentially spray around their rooms, they are more exposed being bitten by the mosquitoes. They also live near stagnant water where mosquitoes actually live and hang around and because they cannot remove the water they are surrounded with mosquitoes so they are more likely to be bitten; higher risk of infection. Moreover the poor do not have the healthcare access they would need to support their prevention of being infected with malaria. Another important risk factor that is closely associated with malaria is being pregnant; this is because women who are pregnant lose the majority of their immunity therefore they are susceptible to malaria. However being very young, especially under the age of 5 is a more important factor because children under the age of 5 have no immunity so they are very susceptible to becoming infected with the disease; their body is unable to fight against the pathogens that enter their body when they have been bitten by a mosquito. The most important factor associated with malaria is the increased risk in poverty as the ONE CAMPAIGN state that malaria increases poverty risks for the community and all the countries affected. (http://www.one.org/international/issues/infectious-diseases/malaria/)

Diabetes
In the UK, around 1.6 million have diabetes and the amount is still growing as netdoctor states. There are risk factors such as Weight, Gender, Age and Race that affect the risks of developing diabetes. Inheritance and history of diabetes within the family is one of the most important risk factors out of the above, because those who are within families where diabetes exists normally will be more at risk of having it. This is because families share the same genes and diabetes could be a genetic disorder running in the family also they have the same family style, eat similar diets or eat from the same food source which makes it more likely to develop it. Ageing is also an important factor of developing diabetes; those over the age of 45 are more prone to developing diabetes because of the general inactivity as they get older. As a person gets older their metabolism slows down as exercise doesn’t become a regular activity in their lives anymore, which means the body is unable to effectively convert glucose into energy. Diabetes Type 2 developing is a high risk in those who have fat deposition around the belly area because the excess fat surrounding the liver slows down the function of the pancreas making it unable to produce as much insulin as it needs to. Being overweight with heavy fat deposition around the belly area is the most important factor associated with diabetes due to the insufficient production of insulin. (http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/diabetes/index.shtml)

Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a condition that currently affects more than 200million people in the world, affecting the bones which cause them to become fragile, weak and easy to break. Upon the many risk factors such as Age, Gender, Family History and Race; Gender and Age are the most important ones. According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 80% of those who suffer from osteoporosis are women this condition affects majority of individuals who are 70 or over. Women are more likely to suffer from this more than men because as they age up to menopause their oestrogen levels produced are reduced although men’s testosterone levels also reduce as they age. However if a woman is anorexic before she’s even reached menopause, her menstruation cycle can stop which weakens the bones in her body making her more prone to developing osteoporosis. Age is also an important risk factor because as you age, your bones become weaker and weaker due to the lifestyle of a person’s life which makes them more prone to possible fractures which will lead to the development of osteoporosis, although someone could have a family history of osteoporosis which is also an increased risk of developing the condition. Heredity is the most important risk factor associated with osteoporosis because if parents or grandparents have had bad signs of osteoporosis then there is a higher risk of the disease developing. (http://my.clevelandclinic.org/disorders/menopause/hic_menopause_and_osteoporosis.aspx)

Diseases can be classified into many ways but in this Assignment we have grouped diseases with their similar causes. The International Classification of Diseases is a tool that epidemiologists would use for health management and clinical purposes. It helps to classify and monitor the incidence and prevalence of diseases and other health problems. These health problems may be recorded on different health and vital records such as health records and death certificates.
Diseases can be classified with their similar causes such as Infectious disease, Environmental disease and Degenerative diseases. Having diseases associated with their cause makes it easier to decide the reason a disease has developed and how it has developed. When causes are associated with diseases you are able to determine what other diseases can develop in order to prevent them. This classification is helpful to epidemiologists because they are then able to produce methods which will prevent the disease from developing or spreading. As every cause of a disease will be prevented in a different way, if they are classified into groups of causes it is easier to know which method of prevention will be effective towards that specific disease.
I think classifying diseases with their causes would be most appropriate to use for epidemiologists because the causes enable them to investigate what is going on in the body and other health problems that could be affecting someone, causing a diseases. Epidemiologists can use the cause of a disease to prevent it from happening again or spreading further that it becomes worse and spreading to other people.
Diseases can be grouped with similar symptoms to help diagnose and treat specific diseases. Symptoms give indications of the type of disease a person has or could be developing without being tested. Associating diseases with their symptoms helps doctors and nurses working in hospitals because wherever the symptom may be for instance in the liver, it will be made clear to the doctor or nurse that the liver needs to be treated no matter what the cause is. I think that classifying diseases with their symptoms would be most appropriate to use for nurses and doctors because they are able to analyse symptoms to work out what disease has been developed or could be develop if not treated. When they acknowledge these symptoms they are able to process treatment to the specific area as soon as it appears. This is why symptoms are very important to take into consideration because they give awareness on the severity of a disease and what part of the body can be treated to prevent any further damage. Finding out what the disease could be they are able to give the right treatment to prevent the symptoms spreading or getting worse.

Bibliography http://www.livestrong.com/article/28148-protozoan-diseases-list/ http://www.news-medical.net/health/What-are-Helminths.aspx https://www.google.co.uk/webhp?gws_rd=cr&ei=oWBNUsnjHeeh0QXMxICgBg#q=prion+diseases&tbs=dfn:1 https://www.google.co.uk/webhp?gws_rd=cr&ei=oWBNUsnjHeeh0QXMxICgBg#q=bacterial+diseases&tbs=dfn:1 http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/158179.php http://www.diet.com/g/nutritional-deficiency http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/c/chemical_poisoning/ http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/autoimmunediseases.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degenerative_disease http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malaria/Pages/Causes.aspx http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/HIV/Pages/Causes.aspx http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/155646.php http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Asthma/Pages/Symptoms.aspx http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/faqs.html http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/asthma/atrisk.html http://www.ageuk.org.uk/health-wellbeing/conditions-illnesses/diabetes/could-you-be-at-risk/ http://www.alz.org/alzheimers_disease_causes_risk_factors.asp http://www.aaos.org/about/papers/position/1113.asp http://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/ http://www.one.org/international/issues/infectious-diseases/malaria/

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